Sociological Studies of Youth Journal
Volume:12 Issue: 43, Autumn 2021

Development in every society depends on social support .One of these supports is social capital that social trust is one of its elements. The overall goal of this research is to examine the role of interpersonal and institutional trust in citizens’ commitment to civic duties and obligations in Kerman city. statistical community include all the citizens over 15 year old of Kerman city and sample size includes 400 people . The research method was survey and data were collected using a questionnaire and random sampling .According to the research results social commitment predict citizens’ commitment to civic duties and obligations positively and has incremental impact. Institutional trust predict citizens’ commitment to civic duties and obligations positively and has incremental impact. Religious participation predict citizens’ commitment to civic duties and obligations positively and has incremental impact. Value coordination between people and government predict citizens’ commitment to civic duties and obligations positively and has incremental impact. There is no significant relationship between dependent and independent variables.

In this article, the patterns of youth migration according to the level of development in the cities of Khorasan Razavi province have been studied. The research method is secondary analysis of 2011 census data. Findings show that the factors of finding a job, looking for a better job and job transfer and education have been the most important reasons for youth migration in the cities of Khorasan Razavi during the period.The counties of Khorasan Razavi province have a significant difference in terms of the quality level of immigrants and the quality level of immigrants in each city depends to a large extent on their level of development. Also, calculating the partial values of development indicators will have significant effects on reducing immigration in the counties of the province. Among these, the importance of the interaction effects of economic development index and agricultural development index with a value of 0.280 and the level of economic development with a value of 0.230, respectively, had more effects on the variance of net migration. The interactive effect of economic and infrastructure development on migration and population growth was also significant. Therefore, it can be said that improving the indicators of economic development, infrastructure and agriculture can play a significant role in curbing youth migration in the counties of Khorasan Razavi province.

One of the most important preconditions for achieving development in all countries is the use of all available facilities and resources, including women. Women have an effective role in society and the family and can take on serious and important responsibilities in achieving sustainable development. Realizing the importance of this issue, every country should strive to remove cultural, social, political, and economic barriers to women's participation to achieve the growth and prosperity of society in all areas. Due to the importance of political socialization and the role of women in society, this study was conducted as a survey in a target community consisting of 8763 female education staff in Ahvaz. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods including mean, standard deviation, variance and frequency tables, and inferential statistics such as the Pearson correlation test. Findings show that there is a significant relationship between women's political socialization and self-confidence (r=0/158, p<0.01). Therefore, it can be said that women's lack of self-confidence is one of the obstacles to political socialization.

Gaining customer confidence in financial institutions is one of the key factors for the success of these firms in the competition arena. Trust sustains economic and social action, and without it no secure interaction can be formed. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting customers' social trust in the system of Export Bank of Mazandaran Province. The research method was survey and was collected by questionnaire. The statistical population includes all customers aged 15 years and over in Export Banks residing in provincial cities. The method is multi-stage cluster sampling and the sample size is 384 according to Cochran formula.The findings show that the average social trust in the bank is high among 40% of people. There is a positive and direct relationship between social responsibility, bank interest rates, immunity of cash deposits and customer communication channels, and social trust in the bank. Independent variables account for 55.6% of the variance and changes in social trust in the export bank. The greatest impacts are on social responsibility variables, bank-related factors, and bank ownership on social trust in export banks.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of factors arising from the theory of space production on various dimensions of student participation in educational spaces. This research is a descriptive correlational study in terms of data collection method and the data have been collected using a survey study method and a researcher-made questionnaire for the statistical population (experts). Accordingly, the questionnaire was prepared according to the objective-content table, using a five-point Likert scale in the form of 34 closed-ended questions. The statistical population of the present study can be considered as a group of young experts aged 25-40 years with a master's degree or higher who had published articles in line with the objectives of the research in the last eight years (n=84). Identification of the effective variables was performed using SPSS software and the relationship between the variables was obtained with the help of the model extracted from Smart PLS software. The research results indicate that the factors arising from the theory of space production can be effective in different dimensions of the students participation in the educational spaces, such that a significant relation exists between 1) variables of convertible space and the required space for the variable of academic participation, 2) friendly and intimate space variables, agreeable space and space consistent with the variable of social participation; 3) the variable of varied spaces with the variables of sensory, environmental, and emotional participations.

The aim of this study was to investigate the social factors related to the level of youth political participation. Analytic theories and models using the theories of theorists such as: C. Moore Martin Lipst, Daniel Lerner, Perry was presented. This research was conducted by survey method using a questionnaire technique. In order to improve the validity of the questionnaire measures, face validity was used and reliability was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which was 0.89 for the dependent variable and 82% for the independent variables. The statistical population of the study includes all young people aged 15-29 in Ardabil, whose number according to the registration statistics of Ardabil was 193826 (95822 boys and 98004 girls), of which 384 were using the Cochran's formula by cluster sampling. Several stages were selected as the sample. To analyze the data using two methods of descriptive and inferential statistics and using SPSS and Amos software, after preparing the matrix table, the information was arranged in one-dimensional and two-dimensional tables. Findings showed that the dependent variable of political participation has a significant relationship with the independent variables of mass media use (r = 0.746), religiosity (r = 0.425) and social trust (r = 0.712).

The present study, using the qualitative method strategy and corpus_based approach of the foundation, has tried to design a model of family concept in the lived experience of successful young couples. Thus, the research data were collected using in-depth interviews from 7 successful couples (14 people) who were selected by purposive and theoretical sampling method. Also, to analyze the data obtained from the interviews, the theoretical coding process was used to enumerate the concepts, sub-categories and main categories based on the paradigm model of Strauss and Corbin (1990). Findings showed that the model of family concept in the lived experience of successful couples has reached theoretical saturation from 12 main categories, 34 sub-categories and 112 concepts. Successfully made. Findings of this study show that causal conditions include the main categories: rejection of structural and ideological change of the family, cultural and economic factors, contextual conditions including the main categories: having family social capital, the existence of declarative interaction and lack of instrumental interaction, Intervention conditions consisted of the main categories: having life skills and separation of private and public areas. In addition, the central category of balanced family development and action and interaction in the lived experience of successful couples consisting of meeting the needs of the family has been identified. Outcomes consisted of the main categories: women's empowerment and b- having family support.

The present study was an attempt to determine the effectiveness of teaching mindfulness on positive thinking and job satisfaction of Refah Bank Foreign Affairs Department staff in Tehran. The study was experimental and included a pilot study conducting pretest-posttest on the control group. The statistical population of the research included 56 individuals who were the staff of Refah Bank Foreign Affairs Department in Tehran in 2019-20. The research sample included 30 volunteers selected through simple random sampling, who were divided randomly into two groups: experiment group (15) and control group (15). The research instrument comprised of Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) (2009), and Ingram and Wisnicki’s (1998) Assessment of Positive Automatic Cognition (ATQ-P) (1998). The data analysis used in the descriptive part included frequency, percentage, central tendency (mean) and dispersion indices (standard deviation) and in the inferential part, Shapiro test was used for data normalization and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results of data analysis showed that teaching mindfulness is effective on employees’ job satisfaction at the level of 0.05 with a coefficient of f=18.85; and that teaching mindfulness in groups is effective on positive thinking of employees at the level of 0.05 with a coefficient of f=17.06. Therefore, teaching mindfulness has proved to be effective on positive thinking and job satisfaction of employees. Teaching mindfulness affects positive thinking and job satisfaction of the Staff of Foreign Affairs Department of Refah Bank.