فصلنامه پژوهش های راهبردی سیاست
پیاپی 39 (زمستان 1400)

The Islamic revolution of Iran as a social revolution was a unique event. During this event, the Pahlavi dynasty collapsed after 53 years of ruling Iran. This study was conducted to investigate the reasons for the decline and collapse of this dynasty through different aspects. According to the limitations, the researchers examined this issue from the viewpoint of the concept of patronage. Thus, the question in this study was that what effect the corruption had on the collapse and decline of the Pahlavi government. In this study, the researchers mentioned that patronage is one of the most important factors that led to popular protests against the government   and led the Pahlavi regime to collapse. This paper uses the causal mechanism method (process tracking). The data was collected by the library research method. The focus of this research was on time and space constraints of Iran in the 1340s and 1350s.

Geopolitical developments and events are always among the factors that create geopolitical opportunities and challenges for political actors, and political actors seek to make the most of geopolitical opportunities and eliminate or reduce challenges. The iraq war against iran was one of those events that, while creating geopolitical challenges for iran, also provided geopolitical opportunities for it, especially in the eastern mediterranean. As the eastern mediterranean region is considered to be iran's most important sphere of influence today, this article seeks to examine how iraq's imposed war on iran made iran's geopolitical foundations in the region meaningful and how geopolitical opportunities used it.In this article, information has been collected by library and documentary methods and analyzed descriptively-analytically. The results show that the holy defense created geopolitical opportunities for iran in the eastern mediterranean and iran was able to strengthen the foundations of expanding its strategic depth in the eastern mediterranean based on the definition of the geopolitical code of the axis of resistance by using the geopolitical foundations of the eastern mediterranean in the period of the holy defense and become its most important geostrategic region to date.

The following article seeks to answer the main question: What security approach has the moderate government of Hassan Rouhani put in its agenda during the first term of its presidency (2013-2016)? And more clearly; what are the dimensions, components, and reference, purpose and security strategies in this security approach? The research hypothesis is that the security approach of Hassan Rouhani's government, influenced by the requirements of social fields, had a McNamara approach; In a way, the link between security and development, and especially economic, social and political development, has been a priority. The findings show that the Eleventh Government considers national power to be the result of a broader definition of security and considers it a strategic mistake to limit this concept to military power and the use of harsh tools. It has maximized the issue of security and has tried to improve the national security situation by relying on development policies in the fields of economy, society and politics. Qualitative research method of causal explanation and conceptual and theoretical tools for subject analysis, using the security theory of Barry Buzan and Weaver is one of the leading experts of the Copenhagen school. The method of data collection is also library and also the use of scientific resources of cyberspace.

The growth of new communication and information technologies and the formation of a networked society have had major effects on the world life, including the formation of virtual reality. Influenced by the cyber community, the occurrence of protests and riots in November 2017 in a number of cities in Iran, especially small cities, the Iranian official policy space was faced with severe shocks and the formation of the anti-power current had many effects on cyberspace policy. The main question of the article is what effect did virtual social networks have on the November 2017 protests? Applying Castells’s network community theory as well as descriptive-analytical method and using secondary data, the research findings show that social networks in the context of existing dissatisfaction in society and with increasing political activism accelerated and strengthened the protests and riots of November 2017. Overcoming the currents of power, viral spread of rallies, horizontal leadership, spontaneity, were among the influential factors of virtual social networks in intensifying the protests.

The deterrence system has developed with the evolution of the international system and has experienced new forms. Facing the unstable and unpredictable challenges of the future, along with asymmetric threats in a nonlinear mechanism, is required to design a new analytical apparatus of deterrence and its conceptual and theoretical reconstruction. It forms the main purpose of the present article. In this regard, the fundamental question arises as to how in this model of the emerging international system, deterrence can be reconstructed conceptually and theoretically? The author intends to reconstruct it by using the method of deductive inference and focusing on theories of complexity and chaos, especially its basic principles such as the networked structure of the system, nonlinearity, sensitive dependence, and cascading failure. This study focuses on the dynamics of power and the mechanisms that turn it into a threat through nonlinear logic and its mechanisms and the principles emphasized by the theory of complexity and chaos. The author introduces nonlinear network deterrence to the field of strategic studies as an innovative and new concept. This pattern is a start point of the sixth wave of deterrence in International Relations. It will provide a new model for designing Iran's deterrence.

Actually political Science takes a look at the past and current political issues. As a course that could be required to be used in the policy process, it needs to be more practical and being feasible in order to policy process to getting ready to face with the issues in advance. Futures studies would be of help for the political science especially the public policy to predict the issues in future. In doing so to know how it could be useful to be enjoyed the futures studies in political science, it deams that it needs to provide a better understanding on the key concepts and the seven methods that use in the futures studies. By introducing how it could be applicatable to public policy, not only does it make a chance to rethinking on the political science but also does it envolve the course status in the actual policy process indeed.

This study seeks to explore the body language of the candidates for the twelfth term of the Iranian presidency in different situations during the debate. The studied method is qualitative content analysis. According to the research results, the main central concepts of body language; In the tone of voice (creating calm and maintaining composure - understanding the content and validation - criticizing the current situation and discrediting the speeches of others - mastering the stage and managing it - balance in speaking - strong and loud voice emphasizing the words of the audience - creating Not superior to competitors); In the type of view (mastery of the situation and calmness - surprise and doubt in the representation of reality - addressing members of society - lack of excitement and lack of anxiety - in the view of some candidates, ineffective criticism); The state of the hands (acknowledging the claims - if not using the hands - has been reassuring people about their psychological readiness to criticize and rely more on spoken language) and their common denominator in using body language is more towards mastering the situation and maintaining calm and It has been coolness and addressing the people.