Journal of School administration
Volume:9 Issue: 4, Autumn 2021

Today,, creativity has become one of the hot topics in the field of children's development and has gained special importance in psychological studies and environmental design. Research emphasizes the impact of the child's environment on the development of his creativity. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between creativity and educational environment for children aged 2 to 10 years and identify and explain the environmental components affecting creativity, using an approach based on recognizing the physical and mental dimensions of the child and his needs as a user of the architectural environment. is. The present qualitative research, using exploratory method and qualitative content analysis, has identified the basic variables in the researches on the relationship between environment and children's creativity and has tried to investigate and summarize the relationships between them with logical reasoning. Since the results of this study are based on an analytical approach based on the theories of researchers and the results of previous research, it can be considered a qualitative meta-analysis. The results of this study show that the environment with characteristics such as sociability, sense of space, flexibility, diversity and complexity, security, stimulation, readability and communication with nature is effective in increasing children's creativity. Also, if the educational environment is designed in a way that the principles of environmental psychology related to the physical and mental condition of the child are observed, a suitable platform will be created for the flourishing and strengthening of the child's creativity.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of servant leadership and team leadership in team performance mediated by team cohesion and team learning in teacher teams. The study population was all secondary school teachers in Kurdistan province, which was selected by random sampling method of relative classes and based on Cochran's formula, a sample of 346 teachers. The research method was the structural equation modeling approach. To collect data from Liden et al.'s (2015) Servant Leadership Questionnaire; Leadership of a research team based on the model of Morgeson, DeRue & Karam (2010); Podsakoff & MacKenzie Team Cohesion (1994); The team learning of Bresó, Gracia, Latorre & Peiró (2008) and the team performance of Puente-Palacios, Martins & Palumbo (2016) were used. The reliability of the questionnaires was assessed by Cronbach's alpha technique, and the validity of the questionnaires was evaluated by first and second order heuristic and confirmatory factor analysis. To analyze the data, correlation matrix analysis and structural equation modeling with SPSS.v25 and LISREL.v10 software were used. The results showed that: 1) Servant leadership had a direct, positive and significant effect on team performance, team learning and team cohesion and through team cohesion and team learning on team performance in teacher teams had an indirect positive and significant effect; 2) Team leadership had a direct, positive and significant effect on team performance, team learning and team cohesion and through team cohesion and team learning had a positive and significant indirect effect on team performance in teacher teams.

This study aimed to find how principals have been appointed in one of the provinces of Khouzestan. A qualitative method based on Grounded theory was used. Participants were principals, teachers, safeguard and monitoring managers, assistants, instruction experts of province education, and responsible s of selecting principals who chose purposefully. 30 informed persons with 10 years of work experience were deep interviewed until reached theoretical saturation. The method of data analysis was open, radial, and selective coding. So, data collected from interviews, coding, and a category was chosen as axial of this study. Then, other categories were extracted and in the end, the paradigm pattern was structured. Based on results, legal and executive deficiencies, applicant’s motives factors, and lack of political leadership skills were recognized as causal factors. Clannishness was an axial and key category of creative undesirable conditions of selection principles. Personal factors were contextual and political forces were meddler factors. Strategies, which are used by that province education, were control and legal supervision on one hand, and on the other hand, outward paying attention to law and yielding in front of political elements; so, their consequences were inefficiency and a decrease of the educational quality of schools.

The research was applied in terms of purpose, exploratory mix in terms of classification type, in terms of nature in the qualitative dimension of the foundation data, and in the quantitative dimension of the cross-sectional survey. Participants in the qualitative section were 18 professors of educational sciences who were selected by purposive sampling. The statistical population in the quantitative part was all secondary school teachers in Hamadan province (3431 people) who were selected by cluster random sampling of 413 people. The assessment tool was a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part and a researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative part. The research questionnaire consists of 12 components and 82 items whose Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to be 0.98. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts. The data analysis method was selected in the qualitative part, open-axis-selective coding and in the quantitative part, confirmatory factor analysis was selected using smart PLS 3 software. The findings of the qualitative section include 12 components, including network productive learning, development of competencies of teachers and school staff, improvement of overall quality in school, development of knowledge management in school, learner maturity, school maturity, group factors, organizational factors, capabilities Individual and sustainable development. The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit for the model. The results of the research can help the senior managers of the educational system in establishing learning schools.

This study aimed to investigate the role of entrepreneurial attitude in the job performance of schools in Damavand County. The research method was applied and descriptive. The statistical population of this study consisted of all principals and deputies of (public) schools in Damavand County in the academic year 2018-19, which were equal to 218 people. The statistical sample size using Cochran's formula was estimated to be about 139 people selected through stratified random sampling. The tool questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Construct validity was used to evaluate the validity of the research questionnaire, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to analyze its reliability. Findings showed a significant relationship between entrepreneurial attitude and job performance of school principals, and there was a significant relationship between the four dimensions of attitude and job performance. Also, the current situation of entrepreneurial attitude and job performance of Damavand County managers is desirable. The results obtained from the study's primary objective showed a positive and meaningful relationship between the entrepreneurial attitude and the professional performance of the managers of the city of Damavand. This means that the higher the entrepreneurial attitude of school principals, the higher their professional performance. Also, The regression analysis of the study showed that among the four dimensions of entrepreneurial attitude, the dimension of self-esteem was the strongest, and the dimension of success-oriented was the weakest predictor of job performance among principals and deputies of (public) schools in Damavand County. Finally, it can be said that by designing suitable training courses on entrepreneurial issues and the entrepreneurial attitude, one can improve professional performance, in particular the success of managers.

Support for teacher learning and development is one of the fundamental roles of school principals. Principals as facilitators can play an effective role in strengthening the professional development of teachers. The main aim of this research was to investigate the role of facilitating principals in the professional development of secondary school teachers in District 1 of Ahvaz city with a qualitative method. The Snowball sampling method was used to select the sample. For data collection, semi-structured interview methods and data were extracted and analyzed based on the content analysis method. This study sought to answer five research questions. Findings showed that managers have good skills but need to acquire the necessary skills in areas such as evaluation, planning, and delegation. It was also found that principals carry out effective activities in the school, but do not draw up appropriate plans for holding and conducting in-house workshops and seminars. This study also showed that the most important challenges that principals face in exercising the facilitating role for the development of teachers' professions are insufficient budget, lack of facilities and teaching materials, administrative bureaucracies, lack of motivation of teachers, and so on.

The purpose of this study was to design a model for sustainable school in Islamic Republic of Iran. The method of the research was multi-method qualitative including: the meta-synthesis method & case study. Data gathering resources were all researches in the case of sustainable school for the period from 2005 until 2020. These researches were selected by intensity case sampling of targeted sampling approach .In this section, qualitative content analysis was used for data gathering. The findings of this section revealed some part of sustainable school model. In the case study, the potential participants to be interviewed were the experienced natives, and Iran’s upstream documents and the declarations of the revolution leaders were surveyed. Key informants to be interviewed were selected by standard targeted sampling method. Data gathering method in this section were semi structured interviews with key informants and document mining. The findings of this research was the model of sustainable school in Islamic Republic of Iran which consists of inputs(teacher and executive staff, curriculum, space & equipment, & policies), processes(teaching, learning, management & planning), subsystems(individual, structural, political & cultural) , outputs(student with sustainable development approach & a sustainable school model) and characteristics of them in the form of a social system. The result of this research showed that for achieving the intended outputs, all the inputs, processes and subsystems should have appropriate characteristics.

A general consensus has been created on the need for the presence of effective school leaders who have can improve the quality of teaching-learning. Instructional leadership is a comprehensive activity that provides learning opportunities for teacher professional development and student academic achievement. Focus on how teachers can improve the teaching-learning process distinguishes instructional leadership from other leadership models in organizations. Instructional leaders focus on school goals, curriculum, and the school environment. This study was qualitative of descriptive-exploratory type. Thematic analysis and themes network was used to identify the behaviors and dimensions of instructional leadership. In order to collect and identify themes, theoretical foundations and opinions of experts in this field were extracted and coded by analyzing the sources published texts during 1990-2018 which were indexed in databases. Due to a large number of sources, a number of them were selected based on sample criteria. Qualitative research MAXqda software was used for thematic analysis. Findings indicated that instructional leadership has eight dimensions, 25 components, and 177 behaviors whose dimensions include defining the school’s vision, school-based supervision, action research, the teacher professional development, preparation, monitoring of the teaching-learning process, distributive leadership, and curriculum management.

Human capital is still considered an important factor in productivity, economic growth, improving equity, and providing a better quality of life in the world. Human resource development means any activity designed to improve and enhance professional competencies by improving their knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Human resource management in schools based on its important position and role in the political, economic, social, and cultural development of countries deserves high attention. The purpose of this study was to design a human resource development policymaking model in school with a Grounded Theory (GT) approach.Based on this, first the interview tool was designed and in the next stage, the research participants were selected and interviewed and the interview was analyzed, and based on the results of data analysis, the topics were extracted and presented. The participants of this study were 25 experts, including the Deputy Minister, Advisor to the Minister, Director-General of the Ministry's Headquarters, the Head of the Provincial Organization for Education, and the school administrator, who were interviewed in the winter of 2019. This study started with purposive sampling. The inclusion criteria were specialized education with at least a master's degree, executive background at the ministry level, deputy minister, general manager, and head of the provincial organization, and at least 10 years of management experience in schools with a student population of over one thousand. There were people who continued to saturate the data based on theoretical sampling. The data collection tool

This Article tries to present Dymanic School Model for Primary Schools. The research approach is qualitative and the method used is synthesis research, along with qualititative content analysis. In synthesis research, recent researches were selected, analyzed and categorized with a systematic method; and in qualitative content analysis, with the help of semi-structured interviews with experts in the field of educational management and planning, components are identified and the model of Dynamic School was formulated. Study group consists researches conducted outside of Iran (2000 to 2020) and inside the country (2000 to 2020). 62 cases were selected and analyzed as a sample, according to their subject relation, key words and content relations with the dimensions and components of Dynamic Primary Schools. Conducted analysis was initially codified and categorized, then the main structure was identified as 25 components and 52 indicators related to 5 main aspects of improvement and evolution, student-based, pariticipation-based, researchbased and thinking. Education policy makers and planners of primary schools can assess school performance using developed conceptual model and make decisions to reach dynamics.