فصلنامه پژوهش های فیزیولوژی و مدیریت در ورزش
سال سیزدهم شماره 4 (زمستان 1400)

The purpose of this study was to designing Optimized Model of Talent management in volleyball by focusing on athletes. Research method was mixed method of qualitative and quantitative approach. Meta analysis, interview and questionnaire were used to obtaining data. Talent management model of Philips and Roper including five factors (attracting, selecting, engaging, developing and retaining) was used as conceptual model. Planning was added to this model with considering Meta analysis and interviews. Statistical population of this study were 100 individuals from top managers of volleyball federation, members of federation`s committees, coaches and academic researches that related with talent areas. Sample was equal with population, and 81 questionnaires were returned with reliability of 0.81. Results showed that there is significant difference between available and optimized status of talent management in Iran volleyball. Planning, attracting, developing, selecting, engaging and retaining had more important. Finally, results suggested that managers consider and emphasis on developing and retaining talents like attracting and selecting talents.

In recent years, childhood obesity has been considered a growing global problem. It has been linked to a number of diseases, including cardiovascular disease. For this purpose, various methods have been used to control and treat obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rope training along with milk consumption on serum levels of vitamin D and body composition of boys aged 9 to 12 years with overweight. For this purpose, 38 boys aged 9 to 12 overweight were divided into four groups: control group (9 people), milk group (10 people), training group (10 people), training group - milk (9 people). For 8 weeks, the training groups participated in 30-minute rope training sessions in accordance with the principle of overload. The covariance analysis test was used to analyze the data. Data analysis showed that the mean of vitamin D was increased in the exercise-milk group and the exercise group, which was significant in the milk-exercise group (P=0.0001). LBM changes were not significant in any of the groups. FM (P=0.001) was significantly reduced in the exercise-milk group and the exercise group. BMI (P=0.001) and WHR (P=0.001) also increased significantly in the exercise-milk and exercise groups (P

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing the development of sport tourism through the media with the AIDAR advertising framework. The research method was mix (quantitative and qualitative) and sequence exploration. The statistical population forqualitative part was experts on “sports turism and media” and for quantitative part was students in masters on sport management. Sampling in the qualitative section was purposeful sampling and reach the theoretical saturation (15 people). Sampling in quantitative section choosing 384 peple by cluster randomized with basis of Morgan’s table. Data gathering for qualitative was semistructured questions and in quantitative section was a questionnaire which make by the findings of qualtitative section. Questionnare relaiability confirmed by Chronbakh alpha (.89) and its face, content and construct validity approved too. Findins showed the media impact questionnaire on the development of sport tourism with the AIDAR advertising framework included five components of roles in “informant”, “interest”, “enthusiastic (stimulating)”, “acting” and “maintenance”in 41 items. The results of the study showed that from 41 items, 8 items in the role of "awareness roles", 7 items in the "Interesting roles" factor, 10 items in the role of "retaining roles", 7 items in the factor "Acting roles (buying)" and nine items were "triggering roles".

Oxidative stress caused by hyperglycemia is an important factor in heart failure in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high intensity aerobic training on the levels of antioxidant enzymes in the heart tissue of type 2 diabetic rats. To implementation of this experimental research, 40 male Wistar rats (weight 185.2±22.7 gr) randomly were divided into 4 groups including control, diabetes, high intensity aerobic training and diabetes-high intensity aerobic training. In this study, the rats were type 2 diabetic using peritoneal injection nicotinamide-STZ. aerobic training performed with intensity of 85-90% VO2max, 5 days a week and for 8 weeks. The levels of the antioxidant catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in heart tissue were measured using kit and by ELISAmethod. Data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test at the P<0.05. The results showed that the levels of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) in the heart tissue of type 2 diabetic control rats was lower than the healthy control group (P=0.001). Eight weeks of high intensity aerobic training significantly increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) in the heart tissue of type 2 diabetic rats (P=0.001). It seems that regular high-intensity aerobic training can protect the damage to heart tissue cells against the harmful effects of oxidative stress by increasing the antioxidant enzymes of heart tissue during diabetes.

The purpose of this study was to identify and prioritize the factors influencing the career of football professionals in Iran. This research is an applied research and has been done in two parts using mixed method data theories to identify factors and Delphi method for prioritization. The statistical population included 7 coaches, 7 referees and 16 players. The subjects were selected and interviewed in a non-random snowball method. Finally, 7 categories, 12 concepts and 114 factors influencing the course of Iranian football were identified. Prioritization of factors was then performed. The validity of the researcher-made questionnaire was confirmed by ten experts and the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated by Cronbach's alpha 0.971. Then, one-sample t-test was performed for the main classes found in the study using SPSS 18 software. According to the research findings, seven main categories are: organizational factors, government factors, individual factors, behavioral factors, motivational factors, human resource relationships, outcomes, and the most important factors based on 114 effective factors prioritization are: Comprehensive retirement (4.44), Early Childhood Education (4.4), Talent Recognition (4.3), Comprehensive program for all age groups (4.3), and job security (4.3) in football. It is suggested that they use the findings, officials, government, the Ministry of Sport and Youth and the Football Federation to improve and improve the human resources status of the football course and clear the path of the professional course.

The 8-years of the imposed war between Iran and Iraq have led to irreparable consequences. These consequences not only affect the veteran, but also his wife as a carer of the veteran, causing various mental, physical and functional problems in these people. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of 8 weeks of home-based monitoring of combined exercises on abdominal obesity and Vo2max in veterans' wives of Mazandaran province.

In a semi-experimental design, 61 veteran spouse of Mazandaran province from the three provinces of the province were randomly divided into two groups of exercise (N = 40) and control (N = 21). The exercise protocol was run for 8 weeks and 6 sessions per week, with the principle of overload at home. Abdominal obesity indices (WHR, ABSI, CI) and VO2max were evaluated with standard methods at the beginning and the end of the training period. For data analysis, t independent and independent t-test was used.

8 weeks of home exercise significantly(p<0/001) improved the ABSI, CI and VO2max indices compared to the control group. In contrast, the WHR values in the control group showed a non-significant (p=0/3)increase and in the training group showed a non-significant decrease

8 weeks of home-based combination therapy by reducing abdominal obesity indices reduce the risk of cardiovascular risk factors and improve cardiovascular fitness and fitness of veterans' wives.

In order to be successful in sports and international affairs, federations must adjust their programs and goals to achieve the highest sports positions in world and Asia, and avoid immediate, tasteful, and random decisions. To this end, identifying the environment of the federation is the first and most necessary step to develop appropriate and efficient strategies. Here in this study, the critical areas of Islamic Republic of IRAN Fencing Federation performance were determined and an internal and external environmental analysis were done to predict the federation expectations for the future orientations and strategies. Accordingly, seven critical areas of performance were determined including, in order of priority, public and international relations, talent identification and heroism, human resource development, structure and organization, sporting events, facilities and equipment, and marketing and financial resources. Then, the internal and external environment of the federation for each of the identified key areas were analyzed and discussed. The strengths and limitations were identified with the aid of SCORE model.Macro and micro external environment analysis were done at two levels including; opportunities and risks environment analysis. Critical performance, expectations, or qualitative goals of the federation were developed for each of the critical areas. The obtained results can be later applied to develop future prospective of Islamic Republic of IRAN Fencing Federation strategies and operational plans.

Despite its widespread use, the effects of nanoparticles on various tissues, including the lungs, are unclear. On the other hand, physical activity increases the resistance of lung cells to various stresses. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the structural changes in lung tissue due to nanosilver injection following aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Samples were randomly divided into 6 healthy control groups, nanosilver, aerobic protocol, anaerobic protocol, nano silver + aerobic protocol, nano silver + anaerobic protocol. First, the training groups practiced on the rodent treadmill for 10 weeks. The intraperitoneal injection of silver nanoparticles was then performed at 5 times per 10% body weight of each rat, and 48 hours after the last injection, the rats were anesthetized and sampled. Samples were photographed and studied by hematoxylin-eosin staining with an optical microscope. results showed that anaerobic exercise was significantly effective in reducing rat weight (p = 0.45). Also, the oxygen consumption in all groups, except the nano silver receiving group, increased compared to the control group (p = 0.000). Nano-silver injections also caused pneumonia 1 and 2, alveolar and bronchiolitis lesions, and inflammation and hyperemia in untreated rats. But in the aerobic exercise group, the inflammation and hypertension were reduced more than in the anaerobic group. Exercise can be effective in reducing the degree of destruction of lung tissue caused by the consumption of silver nanoparticles. However, aerobic exercise seems to be more beneficial.

This study aims to design and prioritize a strategy for the development of Judo sport in Iran, suing SWOT and QSPM methods.

the research was a descriptive one performed through collecting filed information, using the mixed (qualitative and quantitative) method. The population consisted of 70 authorities in Judo federation committees, the board of directors' members, provincial boards chairman and managers of national league members in the quantitative section, and 12 elites in the qualitative section. Because of the small population, the sample was set equal to the population. The information for research was first gathered from high-level documents, literature, questionnaires and elite ideas, then concluded and finalized by the leadership committee. An author made questionnaire was utilized; its validity and reliability approved by 10 university professors, and by calculating Cronbach Alpha (α=0.86), respectively.

there are 7 strength points, 9 weak points, 9 opportunity, and 8 threats in the Judo federation. 10 strategies were developed using the SWOT analysis method and prioritized using the QSPM technique.

Authorities should develop an integrated system of skill management, facilitate the path for improvement of Judokas, and try to maintain and continue the honors of Judo in the region, Asia, and the world, as well as considered establishment and development of this sport. Focusing on aggressive position strategies, the Judo federation can reach its high goals

Understanding the mechanisms involved in muscle atrophy and regeneration will help to develop the new treatments for muscle atrophy due to inactivity. Therefore, according to decrease in muscle mass due to decreased muscle activity and the role of TRPC1 and TRPC3 in some models of muscle atrophy, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of decreased physical activity after HIIT on the genes expression of TRPC1 and TRPC3 in EDL muscle. Thirty-two eight-week-old mice were randomly divided into four groups: control (C), control-reduced activity (Sham-CCI), exercise-reduced activity (HIIT-CCI) and exercise (HIIT). The duration of the training program was six weeks and five sessions per week. Xie and Bennett methods were used to create the CCI model. Real-Time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of the genes. To determine the significance of the differences between the variables, two-way ANOVA test was used and if necessary, Tukey post hoc test was used. The results of this study showed that a period of HIIT leads to increased genes expression of TRPC1 and TRPC3 in EDL muscle compared to the control group. up and also a significant increase in EDL muscle weight in HIIT-CCI compared to Sham-CCI group after the end of the research period. These results indicate that the CCI leads to a decrease in EDL muscle weight. However, HIIT can reduce this reduction.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the liability of injuries in a sporting accident and how the other athlete (opponent / competitor) compensated for the injury to the athlete. The research method in this article is descriptive and collects data in the form of a library of articles, books and court rulings.In this regard, the study of the doctrine of inherent risks and the acceptance of risk in the realization of liability for damages and how to compensate will largely answer our questions. The results indicated that the basis for the civil liability of athletes against each other in the jurisdictions of the countries selected in this study is based on the "fault" rule and that violating the law itself does not constitute a liability. But in the Iranian legal system, the civil liability of athletes against each other is based on the "citation" theory and rule. Generally speaking, in the Iranian legal system, sports claims are the mainstay of the risk acceptance doctrine, and damages and injuries to athletes are not subject to the general rules of civil liability. According to Article 14 of the Criminal Code, the damaged person can claim all the damages (material, spiritual and possible proceeds) of the crime.

Introduction & Objective:

Addiction or substance dependence is one of the biggest health problems in the world today. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of Pilates training and electrical stimulation on serum BDNF levels and cardiovascular fitness in addicted men to meth-amphetamine leaving.

This study was a quasi-experimental study with quasi-addict men in the study population, of which 45 were randomly assigned to quit addiction camp with at least three months of training in Pilates + Electrical stimulation, exercise (Pilates) + false stimulation, only electrical stimulation and control group were divided. Pilates exercise protocol was performed for 8 weeks, three sessions per week and each session for 60 minutes. Electrical stimulation was performed using a neurostimulator. Dependent t-test was used to assess the pre-test and post-test for the dependent variables, one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests to determine the significant differences between groups.

Cardiovascular fitness and BDNF were significantly increased in exercise + stimulation, training + false stimulation and electrical stimulation groups and also in cardiovascular fitness and control group BDNF was not significantly different in pre-test compared to post-test.

Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that Pilates training and electrical stimulation can be used as a factor in enhancing neurogenesis and cardiovascular fitness.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of strategic human resource management measures on the performance and success of professional clubs in the Premier Football League. The research method was descriptive-correlation and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this study was 330 people, all managers and employees of the country's football clubs. Statistical sample was determined by stratified random sampling method and referring to Karajsi and Morgan table of 181 people. In order to collect information, the standard questionnaire of strategic human resource management measures of Taysoor and Lane (2004), the standard questionnaire of Hershey and Goldasmit performance (2003) and the standard questionnaire of success of Hoff et al. (1997) were used. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by a survey of 10 professors and sports management experts. The reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test (strategic human resource management 0.800, organizational performance 0.853 and organizational success 0.906). Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation analysis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the effect of strategic human resource management measures on organizational performance and organizational success was significant. Establishing and implementing strategic approaches in the field of human resource management can create a competitive advantage for the organization, improve performance, improve employee commitment, quality and flexibility of human resources and thus ensure the effectiveness of performance and success of clubs.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of green branding and market orientation on green marketing performance of Tehran municipality sports programs. The present study was a descriptive correlational research based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study consisted of managers of Tehran municipality (managers of 22 districts and sports complexes) with 800 persons and the statistical sample was selected based on Cochran formula 260 persons. In this study, questionnaires of Green Branding and Market Orientation on Green Marketing Performance were used. The results of structural equation modeling showed that green market orientation has a significant positive effect on green marketing performance. Whereas, brandies had no significant effect on green marketing performance. Also, it was observed that green market orientation explained 52.8% of the variance of green marketing performance. Therefore, adopting internal strategic plans to promote green branding in sports programs of Tehran Municipality seems necessary.