Journal of Sports Physiology and Athletic Conditioning
Volume:1 Issue: 1, Summer 2021

This study aimed to investigate the effect of coenzyme Q10 consumption for fourteen days on the response of some indicators of oxidative stress and muscle damage following two consecutive football matches in college players

for this purpose, 24 football players (with an average age of 20.08±12.1 years, a weight of 63.28±65.1 kg and a maximum oxygen consumption of 53.12± 0.98 ml /per /kg of body weight) The three groups were studied over a fourteen-day period. The control group did not receive these supplements and exercise activities, but the experimental groups included the placebo group (300 mg aspartame) and the coenzyme Q10 group (300 mg ubiquinone supplement) during the course in addition to receiving a placebo or supplement the two 90-minute football matches were less than 48 hours apart. Then, according to the research plan, blood samples were collected from the subjects in two stages 24 hours before and after the period and MDA, LDH, CK and AST indices were measured. Dependent t-test, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were also used.

The results showed a significant difference between serum coenzyme Q 10 supplementation with serum MDA (P = 0.000) and AST (P = 0.006) concentrations from two consecutive football matches, while LDH levels (P = 0.970) and serum CK (P = 0.911) did not change significantly.

Overall, the results show that supplementing coenzyme Q10 before and during a two-week match can have anti-oxidant benefits, so it can be recommended to college soccer players.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of one session of exhaustive activity with supplementation of beta-alanine on the level of carnosine and muscle strength of upper and lower extremities of bodybuilding athletes.

Twenty bodybuilders were randomly divided into two equal groups of 10 who were taking supplemental beta-alanine and placebo. The experimental group consumed beta-alanine for 21 days and the placebo group received dextrose. The level of carnosine and muscle strength of the upper and lower extremities were measured before and after supplementation. Blood sampling was done before and after supplementation after session of exhaustive workout. Paired t-test and ANCOVA were used for data analysis using SPSS 21 software at a significant level (p <0.05).

The results of paired t-test showed that in all three variables of lactate, carnosine and growth hormone only in the beta-alanine group, a significant change was observed between pre-test and post-test (P <0.05). And amount of these variables in the post-test showed a significant difference compared to the pre-test. Also, ANCOVA test results indicated that there was a significant difference between the two groups of beta-alanine and placebo in all three variables (P <0.05).

Beta-alanine supplementation with an exhaustive exercise session increases the level of carnosine in blood and hence increases the fatigue tolerance of bodybuilding athletes and ultimately improves the muscle strength of the upper and lower extremities of athletes and bodybuilders. Therefore, bodybuilders can use this supplement to improve their performance.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of Chronic L-Carnitine Supplementation on Exercise Performance, Blood Lactate, and Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Resistance-Trained Males.

We examined 35 resistance-trained (1y) male participants (25±2y, 79.8±8.9 kg, 16.1±5.53% body fat) for 9-wk of L-carnitine supplementation in conjunction with resistance training on exercise performance, blood lactate, and exercise-induced oxidative stress. Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind treatment of a (1) no intervention, no supplement Control (CON, n=12), (2) maltodextrose Placebo (PLA, 2 g/d, n=11) or (3) L-carnitine (LCR, 2 g/d, n=12). Exercise performance, post-exercise blood lactate (BL) and oxidative stress markers were analyzed at weeks 3, 6, and 9. The PLA and LCR groups followed a specific resistance training program (4 d/w, upper body/lower body split) for a 9-wk. Data were analyzed by GLM and presented as mean (SD) or change (95% CI). Primary outcomes were total lifting volume for the bench (BP) and leg press (LP).

The results a significant increase in BP lifting volume at wk-6 (139 kg, 95% CI 49.1, 230) and wk-9 (238 kg, 95% CI 132, 343) for LCR. Similar results were observed for LP. We also observed a significant increase in Wingate mean power (63.4 W, 95% CI 30.5, 96.3) and peak power (239 W/kg, 95% CI 104, 374) at wk-9 for LCR as well as a significant reduction in post-exercise BL levels and oxidative stress responses. No differences were observed in body composition.

These findings indicate that LCR supplementation improves exercise performance and attenuates the blood lactate and oxidative stress response to resistance training.

Visfatin is a new adipocyte which is highly expressed in visceral adipose tissue and has similar ‎effects with insulin in the body. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of moderate intensity‏ ‏interval training on visfatin and insulin resistance index in obese girls.‎

 ‏In this semi-experimental study, 18 obese girls aged 12 -14 years were selected ‎voluntarily and divided into two groups: training and control randomly. The training program included 8 weeks, ‎‎3 sessions a week, each week for 30 minutes running at 70% of the target heart rate in the first week to the fourth ‎week and 75% in the fifth to the eight weeks. Blood samples were taken 24 hours before and ‎‏48 ‏hours after the ‎training program and the research variables were measured using specific methods. Analysis of covariance ‎ANCOVA was used. The significance level was considered as p <0.05.‎

‏‎The results of the current paper showed that the visfatin , Insulin resistance index, insulin and maximal ‎oxygen consumption (vo2max) were increased in experimental group, which was significant only for the values ‎of vo2max (P = 0.001). Body weight, body fat percentage, body mass index or BMI and glucose variables ‎decreased in the experimental group.‎

Today obesity is become a worldwide health issue and in this research paper we could show that longer ‎training sessions with adequate intensity and volume have beneficial effects and they are suggested to make ‎optimal changes in visfatin levels and reduce insulin resistance in obese girl.‎

Cell adhesion molecules mediate leukocyte responses to inflammation. The purpose of study was to the effect of aerobic training and probiotic intake on ICAM–1 in rats with fatty liver.

In this experimental study, 32 rats (200-250 gr) were randomly divided into four groups (healthy control, steatosis, steatosis + probiotic, steatosis + probiotic + training). To create a fatty liver model, tetracycline at a dose of 100 mg / kg in a volume of 1.5 cc was gavaged daily for two weeks. The training program includes 8 weeks and 5 sessions per week, in the initial week with a speed of 18 meters per minute, time started 10 minutes and every week quickly, 1-2 meters per minute and time was added to 10 minutes. Supplemental groups received 109 CFU / ml of Lactobacillus ramensus by gavage daily for 8 weeks and 5 days per week. Liver tissue samples were taken to examine the expression of ICAM-1 gene. 10 ml of blood was collected from the hearts of rats for ALP testing. The data was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) p05/0≥.

The results showed that the aerobic training along with probiotic consumption significantly reduced the expression gene of ICAM-1 and ALP in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver.

It seems aerobic training combined with probiotic consumption improved the expression gene of ICAM-1 and ALP enzyme in the studied samples which can be effective in treating patients with fatty liver disease

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on adiponectin and AST, ALT, and ALP enzymes in obese and overweight boys.

Subjects were 22 boys aged 12-14 years old, who were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Experimental group: mean weight 80.08 ± 16.08, Vo2max was 36.56 ± 2.49, and BMI was 30.27 ± 5.9 and control group: mean weight 67.91 ± 7.95, and Vo2max was 44.4 ± 2.75, 38 and BMI of 60.26 ± 6.3. The experimental group performed eight weeks of HIIT training with 80% HRR intensity at 10 turns of 60 seconds, with 60 seconds rest on exercise bikes for 3 days a week. Blood samples were taken 24 and 48 hours before and after the training, ANCOVA was used for data analysis using SPSS 21 software at a significant level (p <0.05).

The results showed that HIIT reduced the levels of Adiponectin and AST and ALP enzymes, but this was not significant (P≥0.05). This exercise also reduced ALT and fat percentage and increased Vo2max in subjects, with changes in all three variables significant (P≤0 / 05).

It seems HIIT can reduce the percentage of fat and ALT enzyme in children, which can help prevent many metabolic diseases. Also, HIIT can play a role in liver health in overweight and obese children.