مجله پژوهش های بوم شناسی شهری
پیاپی 25 (زمستان 1400)

This study has investigated the impact of physical-spatial, social and economic indicators on the realization of sustainable housing in the city of Sirjan. The type of a‌lied research and its study method was descriptive-analytical. 600 informants, specialists and experts formed the statistical population of this study that 230 people were selected as the sample size based on simple random sampling method using Morgan table. 31 physical, social and economic components of housing in Sirjan were selected as dependent variables. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.832. In order to analyze the data, inferential statistical methods such as one-sample t-test and factor analysis were used. The results of physical and spatial indicators showed that the rate of retrofitting of existing buildings, the rate of improvement and renovation of worn and old structures, the level of safety in residential units as well as the quantity and quality of equipment have not been in a favorable condition. In this regard, this study with an innovative a‌roach has attempted to harmonize physical, social and economic indicators in order to develop strategies for achieving sustainable housing in the city of Sirjan.

The purpose of this study is to explain the pattern of spatial distribution of inner city parks with the approach of spatial justice in the city of Sabzevar. The research method is descriptive - analytical. In order to analyze and explain the distribution of spatial patterns of spatial statistical methods such as the nearest neighborhood and the city Park Service Service network analysis in GIS was used. What distinguishes the present study from the previous research is the study and analysis of the pattern of spatial distribution and the amount of access in different classes of urban parks in different levels of Sabzevar city. The results showed that the functional radius of urban parks in Sabzevar city, at the regional level, indicates the desired functional radius in the central urban contexts, which decreases its desirability by moving away from the city center. Lack of proper distribution of inner city parks in the western part of Sabzevar has reduced the usefulness and performance of regional parks and excessive concentration of these parks in the eastern part of the city has increased the radius of performance and usefulness in the eastern parts of Sabzevar. Inadequate and unjust distribution of inner city parks in different levels of Sabzevar city On the other hand, the disproportion of population and per capita green space has led to intensified unfair distribution of parks in urban areas, districts and neighborhoods because The population is 7088 people with a per capita of 24 square meters, ie for each person there is 24 square meters of green space and a surplus of green space.

The main aim of this paper is to detect the ten-year changes in urban green spaces of Tehran metropolis, from 2010 to 2019, using the time series of Landsat 5, 7 and 8 images. The change detection was done in both annual and ten-year scale and the results are analyzed in two spatial scales; City level and municipal district-level. Detection of changes was done by a post-classification approach. The innovation of the study is efforts to reach the best results in the image classification step, for which in addition to optical and thermal bands various features including some vegetation indices, water   and built-up index, image texture components, and principal components were used. Three classification methods including maximum likelihood, artificial neural network and support vector machine were implemented. The results indicated that the support vector machine has had the best result with 91.06% mean overall accuracy. The change detection showed a 10.58% decrease in the Tehran green spaces in the period under review. The greatest decrease, about 7.46 Km2, occurred in the period 1390-91 and the largest increase was 7.61 Km2 in the period 1394-95. Among the 22 municipal districts, regions 1 and 22 with 5.2 and 2.37 Km2, respectively, have had the highest decrease in urban green space, and regions 2 and 19 with 0.5 and 0.47 Km2, respectively, have had the highest increase.

The present study investigates the effect of media use  and socialization on environmental behaviors in the cities of Sari and Joibar. The research was descriptive-analytical which was conducted using a survey method. The statistical population was people over 18 years old in Sari and Joibar cities in Mazandaran province. Using the Cochran sample size determination formula, 400 people were determined as the sample size. Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select the samples. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with variables derived from Inglehart's theory of values, the pattern of environmental behavior of Kalmus and Ajigman as a theoretical framework. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The validity of the instrument was confirmed by face validity and the reliability of the instrument was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test  with a coefficient above 0.8. According to the results, environmental behavior in the samples had a high average. There was a significant relationship between sociability and environmental behavior. Also, sociability has a significantand positive relationship with the four dimensions of environmental behavior (energy consumption behavior, environmental protection behavior, environmental behavior in travel and environmental purchasing pattern) and environmental advertising and media use only with the dimension of environmental purchasing pattern. It has a significant relationship. Independent variables explain 20% of the variance of environmental behavior. The novelty of the present study is the use of a comparative study of environmental behaviors between the two cities of Sari and Joibar with a quantitative method.

The aim of this study was to determine the role of sustainable social participation in improving the quality of urban life in Parsabad, Ardabil province. In terms of nature, the research is a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted by survey method. The statistical population of the study included citizens over 18 years of age in the city of Parsabad Moghan. Using the Cochran sample size determination formula, 380 people were determined as the sample size. The studied samples were selected using random sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that its reliability  with a coefficient higher than 0.7 was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha test. The independent variable of research (social participation) included the independent components of the study including reciprocal relationship, mutual commitment, mutual expectation. According to the research findings, the components of reciprocity, mutual commitment and sense of belonging simultaneously have a significant effect on sustainable development. Examining the simultaneous effect of four components of social participation on sustainable urban development and implementation in the territory of an inter-city city can be a new approach in this field of urban studies.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the land use distribution of urban neighborhood parks in terms of access standards          to residential areas and population density in District 3 of Tabriz. Research method The method is analytical descriptive.The method of data collection is documentary. The statistical population of the research is region 3 of Tabriz city. Descriptive and spatial data of these parks are stored in the form of a database in GIS software and then by designing the network, accessing the area of region 3 of Tabriz municipality and determining the geographical location of the parks in that area. The service of each park was identified using a network analysis model. Also, using the approach of spatial proximity of parks, the current situation of District 3 of Tabriz Municipality in terms of the duration of citizens' access to parks was studied and areas outside the service coverage of parks were estimated. In addition to the above method, thiessen analysis and buffering methods were used to determine the functional area and duration of access to each park. The results showed that by calculating the space covered by the service parks in the neighborhood parks of District 3 of the municipality, the existing parks in the neighborhoods of this area cover only 71.1% of the area under study. Therefore, the northern part of this area of the city needs to locate new neighborhood parks in order to maximize the access coverage of this part of District 3. In addition, the southern part of this area of the city, due to the uninhabited lack of access network, currently there is no need to create a neighborhood park in it. Investigating and evaluating the access of citizens to urban parks from two dimensions, one in the form of GIS software and the other using two models of buffering and tsin is a type of innovation in this field of study.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the evolution of contemporary commercial spaces in Tabriz with a focus on the traditional market. This research is a qualitative research that is based on library and field study. It is done by the retroductive research strategy. The method of data collection in the library section is through systematic review of urban plan documents and related studies and in the field section is using the phenomenological method and Semi-structured interview. Interviewees were selected from marketers and experts, and interviews were conducted until information was saturated (14 people). The novelty of this paper can be in the phenomenological understanding of the historical process of Bazaar in relation to political, geographical and economic factors of the city and region. The results represent, this bazaar has played an international and national role. It has the ability to create value-added, and forming the activity clusters but with the advent of modernity, the introduction of new goods and services and the emergence of new spaces have stagnated. Usage of past experiences, traditional spaces are sufficient to transform into an exhibition for attracting the customers, leading to the recreation of forgotten professions.Such actions have helped to expand the audience and strengthen the spatial relationships between production, representation and service. Indeed It is possible to create a rational relationship between education and production inside the local workshops, customer service and representation spaces. These mentioned steps will provide multi-functional space with a priority of production and reproduction useful on a recreation of urban life.