نشریه فضای گردشگری
پیاپی 39 (تابستان 1400)

Today, urban parks can play a major role in creating citizens' leisure time and space for their tourism in cities. So that in many urban texts, parks and urban green spaces are mentioned as one of the important indicators for recognizing the quality of man-made environments. Due to the importance of parks and green spaces In today's urban life, the purpose of this study was to investigate the status of active urban parks in Ahvaz metropolitan region 2 in terms of selected indicators (access, health, attractiveness, security and amenities). The type of applied research and research method was survey with emphasis on the questionnaire. The statistical population is citizens living in Region 2 and relevant experts. The weighting of the variables was performed by Shannon entropy model and data analysis was performed using COPRAS ranking technique. The research results show the low and minimum per capita of parks in region two (36.9 square meters) compared to international and national standards. Also, according to the results of Anova test, according to the calculated value of F, which is more than 0.05, the average audience satisfaction with the indicators in the studied parks shows a significant difference. The results of the Coopers model also showed 23 parks in the study area: Island Park, 42-hectare park and government park with final value, respectively; 0.0615, 0.0569,0.0554 are in the first to third place in terms of indicators.

The aim of this study is to identify the communication barriers to the development of medical and health tourism and also to design and test the conceptual model of these barriers according to the intercultural nature of medical and health tourism. Identifying the most important communication barriers to the development of medical tourism and health, designing a model of these barriers with structural interpretive modeling and finally, testing the hypotheses of this model in a sample of 150 people, are the three steps in this study. The results showed that the communication and cultural barriers to the development of medical and health tourism are: lack of knowledge, perceived linguistic differences, lack of trust, perceived cultural differences, prejudices and stereotypes. Also, provided that managers collect and categorize the factors affecting the concept of medical tourism and health, this issue can be a way for trustees and officials in the field of health in creating and increasing foreign exchange earnings for the country.

One of the most recent crises facing the international community, including Iran, is the Corona virus. Due to its characteristics, this crisis is different from other crises and has affected the tourism industry much more than other crises. In this regard, the present article tries to identify and cluster the stimuli affecting the tourism competitiveness of Iran for the Corona period using the method of structural analysis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the attitude and behavior of the host community towards the presence of tourists during the outbreak of Covid-19 in the tourist destination. Integrated threat theory was used to shape the theoretical framework. Qualitative research method was statistical population, residents and judgmental sampling method and the number of statistical samples based on theoretical saturation was 21. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed based on content analysis and open and centralized coding. Findings of the study presented new dimensions of host-tourist interaction in the Corona period based on the integration of theories of social exchange and integrated threat. The present article concludes that although the attitude of most people towards the presence of tourists in this period has been negative, but it can be accepted by emphasizing the dependence of livelihood and economy on tourism and conditional reception of tourists and at the same time the health of the people in the country given priority.

tourism is the third largest economic industry in the world, and for most people, the term tourism refers to leisure travel, according to the tourism organization, it means travel for various purposes except travel for work, migration and local and regional activities. In the present era, tourism is one of the effective factors in the development of relations between nations and is considered as a creator of job opportunities in the economic sector and the creation of socio-cultural interactions. Urban tourism is a very important factor in the development of cities, because it has great potential to attract tourists. Cities in the northern region of the country, including Rasht, have a great potential to attract urban tourism due to their special climatic, cultural and historical conditions. Since each factor, including tourism, has different effects; This means that no single factor can be positive or negative. This study seeks to investigate the effects of urban tourism on 4 variables of sustainable urban development (social sustainability, physical sustainability, environmental sustainability and economic sustainability) from the perspective of 263 residents of Rasht and 11 professors and experts in tourism . This research is a descriptive-analytical method based on the method. The results of statistical tests used in the research indicate that urban tourism in the city of Rasht has been able to effectively make the city of Rasht more sustainable. Tourism in Rasht has been able to have the greatest impact on sustainable economic development and the least impact on sustainable environmental development.

The purpose of this study is to investigating the leveling and components of international exhibitions of tourism and related industries using interpretive structural modeling (ISM). This research is applied in terms of purpose. In terms of descriptive-survey method. The statistical population is 15 experts from the International Exhibition of Tourism and Related Industries who were selected as a statistical sample of the research. In this study to identify components after studying the literature Related research and interviews with exhibition managers used brainstorming, nominal group technique and then interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and for analysis (MICMAC) variables were divided into four groups of independent or key variables, communication and dependent and autonomous. The relationship between variables and the type of variables can lead to a better understanding of the subject in international exhibitions of tourism and related industries. The results showed that in the first level the components of producer goals, host goals and economic variables that show The effectiveness of these three variables is in the second level of international exhibition planning indicators, participant goals and social variables. In the third and fourth levels, political and cultural variables are the most influential components of the goals of international exhibitions of tourism and industry.

Tourism is a group of activities that take place in a chain to help tourists and one of these parts is the tourist centers that, through the provision of various services, and can be a factor in attracting tourists and developing tourism in the region. This thesis seeks a descriptive and analytical method for strategic spatial planning, analysis, and the study of natural and human capabilities and the location of leisure complexes to facilitate tourism services in Tehran's 22nd area. Two methods were used for office studies and field study to obtain the information. The statistical community includes tourism experts in organizations related to the city of Tehran. For data analysis, SWOT analysis model, fuzzy interference techniques, and graded analysis model (AHP) with the help of Excel and GIS software were used. The results showed that according to the analysis of GIS, the most important places for the construction of leisure complexes based on the criteria of urban facilities, health, transportation, socio-economic and constructions, must be taken into account mainly in the north and west parts of the region. In this regard, the most important internal strengths and weaknesses are 0.430 and -0.504, respectively and the most important external opportunities and threats are 0.448 and -0.525.

Urban tourism, accompanied by the future urban population growth, is a huge capacity to improve quality of life and simultaneously a serious challenge with regard to threats such as natural disasters. In recent decades, approaches to dealing with natural disasters to enhance the capacity of society have given rise to a new concept called urban resilience for better preparedness. To assess the resilience of Urmia's central fabrics against natural hazards, this study sought to provide a reliable conceptual framework for analyzing and assessing it in four social, economic, institutional and physical dimensions. The required data were collected using the fieldwork, desk-based research method and questionnaire, interview and observation tools. The collected data were analyzed quantitatively using SPSS, ARCGIS, VIKOR model, and descriptive and inferential statistics. The statistical community of research consisted of the citizens of the central part of Urmia. The sample size was determined 380 using the Cochran formula and was systematically distributed. Findings showed that the highest and lowest averages were relating to the economic) 3.3(and institutional (2.64) dimensions. As the average value of all dimensions was below the theoretical average (4), we can say that the historical fabrics of Urmia is not in a good status in terms of resilience indicators. The results of the VIKOR model revealed that neighborhood 7 was the most resilient to natural hazards. Moreover, in terms of physical resilience (AHP), more than 80% of the central texture's area had a low level of resilience and was vulnerable to probable natural hazards.