نشریه فضای گردشگری
پیاپی 25 (زمستان 1396)

Tourism Due to the various influences There are communities, Both urban and rural areas, In case of efficient management, Can Provide context for the development of host communities and In the absence of management and neglect, May underlie the problems and challenges of social, economic and environmental aspects in the host. The objective of this study is to present a spatial distribution of the effect of tourism on rural areas in Shaho, Ravansar. The population included all households (908 individuals) in 8 villages in Shaho town. Using Cochran’s formula, a sample of 206 individuals was selected for participating in this study. The instrument was a survey questionnaire validated by university professors and tourism professionals with its internal consistency estimated through Cronbach’s alpha. The data were analyzed using two software of SPSS and GIS. The results indicated that the effect of tourism was low on 38.3 percent, average on 30.1 percent, and high on 31.5 percent of the area. Analysis of variance showed that there is a meaningful difference among villages in terms of being effected by tourism. Duncan test indicated that Ghorighaleh with an average of 4.49 was the highest in the fourth level. Three villages of Tazehabad (M=2.66), Shabankareh (m=2.68), Benchaleh (2.81) in level three. GHalehgah (M=1.88), Chelaneh (M=1.90), Deh Leili (M=2.00) in the second level, and Bezgorah (M=1.27) was in the first level.

In this research, the breadth of capacity, ecotourism and Sports ecotourism of the protected area of Khayyz have been studied to achieve the development of sustainable ecotourism. In the same way, after providing information and analyzing them on the GIS and using the linear combination method The area of the zones of each ecotourism activity was determined and Then, using the obtained information and theoretical foundations related to the capacity of the board, the threshold of ecotourism tolerance and sports ecotourism activities were calculated at three levels: physical, real and effective. According to the results, 60.5% of the total area was considered suitable for ecotourism, which has a very good area with the highest area (24.5%). Also, a very good area with 2420145 people with the highest physical range and 56278 the person has the most realistic wins. largest area of exercise ecotourism activity is located in the middle zone with an area of 3358/24 acres and it is indicative of the fact that the Southern Hemisphere is of medium power in terms of sport tourism. Out of the sports ecotourism activities, climbing activities have the highest capacity in a good area. This increase is due to the favorable environmental and ecological conditions and the greater area of these areas. Finally, studying the existing tourism situation and assessing the region indicates that the lack of attention to the threshold of environmental sustainability in the protected area of southern Khayzis can endanger the stability of the area in the short term.

Good governance and rural tourism are integral pillars for innovation in rural tourism and ultimately its success. This paper investigates the governance of the development of rural tourism in the County of Nir, Ardabil province, Iran, through a stakeholders' workshop where success factors for rural tourism in rural development were categorized as: governance, human resources, investments, research, marketing, communication and co-ordination. This study is descriptive - analytical in terms of research methods, practical in terms of nature and is a library and field kind of research in terms of the type of data collection. Sample size was determined based on the Cochran’s formula and the required data were collected through questionnaires. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and experts and its reliability was determined based on Cronbach's alpha (0.92). the results of the independent t-test indicated that the relationship between governance indicators and the development of rural tourism. Finally, according to research findings practical suggestions are presented.

Tourism as one of the major economic drivers of the present century is considered as a very appropriate and significant source of foreign exchange earnings in the economy of a country. In this area, the satisfaction of tourists is one of the most important competitive factors and the best indicator for ensuring the growth of future profits. By choosing the metropolis of Tabriz as the capital of Islamic tourism in 2018, a large number of tourists are expected to visit the tourist destinations in the province. Regarding this, the present study seeks to identify factors affecting the satisfaction of tourists, comparing and prioritizing these indicators with the help of fuzzy DEMATEL model and ultimately the development of the results in the recreational-tourist area of the dam of Amand. The method of this research is surveying, in tersms of type, it is descriptive analyzing and in terms of purpose, it is practical. The statistical population of this study is the experts of the Organization for Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism, Tourism Agencies and University Professors. Among these, the sample size was 24 by the Cochran sampling formula. . In this research, data collection for analysis, is through distributing the questionnaire among the experts of tourism. In Research findings show that: The most important indicator is the human resources factor. The most effected indicator is the security factor and the most effective indicator is facility.

Today, the tourism industry has become a leading industry in the world and Many countries have been using tourism attraction factors such as pedestrians to strengthen their tourist destinations and improve their status. Walkways with signs and milestones are a place to read urban scenery and preserve the memory of the city. Tourism attraction not only addresses the needs of the pedestrian route, but also as a necessity for solving valuable issues in cities such as attracting tourists. The main objective of this study is to assess the pedestrian capability and to determine the impact and relevance of the attraction and satisfaction of Al-Hoda Walking Tourists.In doing this study, firstly we used documentary and library methodology with the systematic review of relevant resources, in order to identify the sidewalk main standards, and then a conceptual model was prepared by using a combined method based on sidewalk assessing elements within the framework of tourist satisfaction. Subsequently, by measuring physical and cultural components of Alamolhoda sidewalk through distributing a questionnaire from sidewalk assessing components, importance level of each component was evaluated purposely and according to the obtained qualitative data from graphical analysis and SPSS. Finally, these factors were categorized due to the relative subscription of extracted factors in different components. Further, our results show that readability and imagery components have more influence on tourist satisfaction in Alamolhoda sidewalk

Management areas as protected areas have suitable appeal for tourist activities. In the meantime the Ecotourism concept could be as a modern phenomenon which its main motivation is Tourism, observation and enjoyment of nature and natural and cultural Landscapes and mitigate the effects of tourism activities on resources and destruction of natural areas. In order to plan the strategic sustainable ecotourism potentials in the region Sabalan National Natural monument, the FAHP-SWOT hybrid model was used. 10 sub-criteria strengths and weaknesses as internal factors and 10 sub-criteria opportunities and threats as external factors for sustainable ecotourism potential were identified. Modeling results showed that internal factors with overall score 0.631 as a major factor in sustainable ecotourism potentials. Four alternative strategies are surveyed that the SO strategy was the best strategy for sustainable ecotourism potential. Survey results indicated that there was potential for sustainable ecotourism in the region. The use of sustainable management and participation of native and local peoples in this management and development of facilities and infrastructure and establishment of winter sports and diversify tourism activities harmony with the natural environment of the region can be effective the advance goals of sustainable ecotourism in the region Sabalan National natural monument.

Planning the tourism areas is performed by considering the potentials of these areas, and this will lead to greater co-ordination among the tourists. As a result, the effects of overpopulation in some places that will result in environmental costs can be minimized. This research is based on the main objective of tourism capacity building according to some of the most effective attractions of urban tourists and using advanced statistical models. The research method is descriptive-analytical and in terms of gathering data is a survey study. The data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 19. The results of the research indicated that the criteria for capacity building of urban walkways in the province in order are Hamedan, Malayer, Kabudarahang, Nahavand, Toyserkan, Razan, Asadabad and Bahar respectively. After prioritization, the understudied areas were determined in terms of tourism infrastructure based on which Hamadan and Malayer had a very good, Kabudarahang and Nahavand middle, and Tuyserkan weak and the cities of Razan, Asadabad and Bahar very weak tourism infrastructures.