نشریه طلوع بهداشت
سال بیست و یکم شماره 1 (پیاپی 91، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1401)

Some symptoms, such as fatigue and muscle pain remain in patients with COVID-19 after the acute phase of the disease. This reduces the quality of life of these patients. This study aims to evaluate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on pain intensity and quality of life after discharge from hospital.

The present quasi-experimental study was conducted in 1400 on 96 patients with COVID-19 with complaints of pain in Khoy city. The samples were randomly assigned to control and experiment groups. The intervention was in the form of training muscle relaxation exercises. Data were collected using pain intensity and quality of life questionnaires. Multivariate analysis of covariance test was used to analyze the data in SPSS-26 software.

The results showed that pain intensity scores, interference in daily activities in both groups had a decreasing trend and quality of life improvement in both groups had an increasing trend. The effect size for progressive muscle relaxation in reducing pain intensity was 0.65, reducing pain interference in daily activities was 0.71, and quality of life improvement was 0.78, indicating the average effect size of muscle relaxation for all the three components.

The findings of this study show that muscle relaxation exercises reduce pain intensity and improve quality of life in patients with COVID-19. Itis suggested that these exercises be used as a complementary method to reduce pain intensity and improve the quality of life of patients.

Osteoporosis is one of the most common metabolic bone diseases. Given most health problems are closely related to human behavior, theories and patterns of behavior are used to prevent health problems. All constructs of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) are belief-based, examining different factors. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the application of the TPB in the prevention of osteoporosis in women referring to comprehensive health service centers in Tehran in 2019-2020.

This quasi-experimental interventional study was conducted in 2019on 80 women aged 18-29 years referring to Tehran comprehensive health service centers. The participants were divided into two groups of control (40 people) and intervention (40 people). The data were collected before and one month after the intervention using demographic questionnaires and the TPB constructs. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22 using descriptive and analytical statistics.

The results showed that there was a significant difference in the mean scores of attitude, abstract norm, behavioral intention, and behavior of the intervention group after the educational intervention compared to the control group (p <0.05). However, the mean score of perceived behavior control was not significantly different before and after the intervention (P = 0.15).

Based on the results of this study, the educational intervention of this theory can be used as a suitable theoretical framework for designing and implementing interventions for the prevention of osteoporosis.

Working mothers try to maximize their correlation time with their children and experience different situations compared to housewives. In this regard, the present study aims to investigate the role of perceived social support, job stress, and perceived discrimination in predicting parenting energy of working mothers.

The present descriptive and correlational study was conducted on all mothers working in private offices in District 3 of Tehran in 2020. Convenience sampling method was used to select 110 working mothers. Data collection tools included the Perceived Parenting Energy Scale (PEFPS), the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (PSS), the Health and Safety Management Standards Index (HSE), and the Revised Personal Related Discrimination Scale (PRDS). Data analysis was performed by SPSS software version 24 using Pearson correlation and multiple regression, simultaneously.

The results showed that the components of perceived support and job stress have a positive and significant correlation with perceived parenting energy (p<0.05). In contrast, personal-related discrimination had a significant negative correlation with perceived parenting energy (p<0.05). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that perceived social support, job stress, and perceived discrimination predict 78% of the parenting energy of working mothers.

Perceived social support, job stress, and perceived discrimination have a significant impact on the parenting energy of working women. Due to the significant role of mothers in raising their children, it is necessary to identify factors affecting women's employment relationships in their work environment to take measures to increase their parenting energy.

The family is the first social institution and sport as a social phenomenon can be institutionalized in the shadow of this small unit. This study aims to explain the health-related factors affecting the institutionalization of sports in Iranian families.

The present study seeks to discover the main and sub-main categories with interpretive paradigm and inductive logic with a qualitative approach. The interview used 7 open-ended and semi-structured questions for data collection tools. Experts participating in the study were selected by purposive and snowball sampling and the criterion for selecting experts was to have knowledge and awareness of the literature and the development of health-oriented sports in families. Immediately after each interview, data transcription and extraction were performed simultaneously. Finally, by reviewing the interviews, 21 categories were theoretically saturated in the interview and continued until interview 23. The data were analyzed by content analysis method and coding method.

In this study, 165 primary extracted codes in the form of 41 sub-main categories and 11 main categories were categorized. They included sports policy, financial support, infrastructure factors, prevention and health, women's sports development, civic sports, educational sports development, cultural attitude, health technology, enacting supportive and incentive laws, and management and planning.

The results will help the country sport policy makers in order to establish a culture of prevention and maintain the physical and mental health of families. By national planning, sustainable development will be achieved in order to have healthy and effective people.

Social happiness and vitality is one of the basic concepts and components of people's lives, especially for teachers, which is closely related to their public health. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the role of social happiness and vitality in the general health of teachers in Yazd.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 junior high school and high school teachers in Yazd participated using cluster sampling. General Health, Oxford Happiness, and Social Vitality questionnaires were utilized for data collection. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23. Descriptive and analytical statistics, including Pearson correlation coefficient, regression analysis, analysis of variance and t-test were used to determine the predictors of variables. The significance level was considered less than 0.05.

The mean age of participants was 5.46 ± 31 years. The mean total health score was 56.12 ± 1.18. Among the health dimensions, the highest mean score was related to social health 15.35 ± 2.25. The mean scores of happiness and social vitality were 44.58 ±1.57 and 66.01 ±5.57, respectively. There was a direct and significant relationship between social vitality, happiness, and general health (p = 0.00). There was also a direct and significant correlation between social vitality and happiness (p <0.001).

Considering the effect of social happiness and vitality on teachers' health, it is suggested that happy lifestyle classes be included in the programs of the Ministry of Education for teachers in the form of in-service courses and recreational camps.

Various studies have cited several reasons for the instability of the Iranian family, but what was missing was a native scale for such studies. Therefore, this study aims to validate the Iranian family instability scale based on the lived experience of women who experienced extramarital relationships.

The present study utilized a mixed method. In the qualitative part of the study, semistructured interviews were used to examine the lived experience of women who experienced extramarital relationships. The statistical population of the present study was women with extramarital affairs who referred to counseling centers in Yazd in 2020. By multi-stage cluster sampling, 540 subjects were selected. In this study, the marital adjustment and attitudes toward infidelity questionnaires were used.

Exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha method, concurrent validity, and confirmatory factor analysis were used to investigate the factors extracted from the interviews, the reliability, the validity of the scale, and also the fit of the research conceptual model, respectively.

The results identify Iranian family instability factors in three levels and five subscales, including maternal role and religious myths, parenting knowledge, self-esteem and feelings of inferiority, relationship and aesthetic challenges, and apostasy and pre-relationship relationships. They are measured in a 35-question scale called "Iranian Family Instability Scale". The results of the present study show that the instrument of Iranian family instability has good validity and reliability and Cronbach's alpha of the whole scale is equal to 0.89.

One of the worrying and increasing environmental problems is urban and industrial waste water pollution, such as chromium (Cr). Given the destructive effects of Cr and nondegradability, its removal is of great importance. Adsorption method by low-cost biosorbents has been a successful method in during the last decade. This study aims to examine the effect of usual and acid-modified fig leaves powder as a biosorbent for removing of Cr (VI) from a synthetic aqueous solution.

 Laboratory tests were designed and implemented, including solution making of Cr (VI) and then in order to study the effect of different parameters, including solution pH, contact time, solution concentration, and adsorbent dosage, the secondary amount of chromium concentration was measured and compared by atomic absorption spectrometer.

 The results showed that for usual adsorbent, optimum parameters included pH 2, 200mg/l initial concentration, 40g adsorbent concentration, and 120min equilibrium time while for the modified adsorbent, optimum parameters were pH 3, 300mg/l initial concentration, 40g adsorbent concentration, and 120min equilibrium time. The maximum adsorption percentage of Cr (VI) in the first case was 54.33% and in the second case was 91.50%. In addition, by examining adsorption isotherms and kinetic models, it was found that Cr adsorption in both cases follows Langmuir isotherm (R2=0.942 for usual and R2=0.975 for modified adsorbent) and pseudo-second order kinetic model (R2=0.976 for usual and R2=0.982 for modified adsorbent).

 More efficient removal of Cr using a modified adsorbent compared to usual adsorbent and previous studies indicates the suitability of modified fig leaves powder as an adsorbent of Cr (VI).

Type 2 diabetes affects more than 90% of diabetic patients, which in addition to physical complications, is associated with psychological problems, such as binge-eating disorder. Diagnosing and treating binge-eating disorder can improve many comorbidities and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, this study aims to predict binge-eating disorder in women with type 2 diabetes based on symptoms of depression, emotion regulation, and psychological flexibility.

The present descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 102 people with type 2 diabetes through the cooperation of centers related to diabetes and using social media in a targeted manner. Research tools included the Gormally et al. (1982) binge-eating, the Beck et al. (1996) depression, the Bond et al. (2011) acceptance and the practice, and Graz and Roemer (2004) difficulty in regulation of emotion questionnaires. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22 using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression.

The results show that the symptoms of depression, emotion regulation, and psychological flexibility could significantly (p <0.001) predict binge-eating disorder. Among the predictor variables, depression symptoms with a prediction of 33% of the variance of binge-eating disorder, was the best predictor of the disorder in people with type 2 diabetes (p <0.001).

It can be concluded that early detection and treatment of depression symptoms in people with type 2 diabetes, can reduce binge-eating disorder in these people.