نشریه مطالعات تاریخ انتظامی
پیاپی 32 (بهار 1401)

The Sanjabi tribe played an important role in important developments such as the events and currents before and after the Constitutional Revolution in the western region and the First World War during the years 1293 to 1345 AH. The invasion of western Iran by the Ottoman forces and the confrontation of the Russian and British forces with them in 1914/1332 AH, while violating Iran's neutrality, turned the western pages of Iran into an arena of struggle and rivalry between the three powers. Since then, the efforts of all three powers to bring the tribes and nomads of the region with them have brought the leaders of these tribes and nomads into the realm of politics. This article uses descriptive-analytical method and library and documentary tools to answer the question that what effect did the Sanjabi tribe have in creating security and defending the western borders of the country in the First World War? The results of the study show that the Sanjabi people, due to their fighting power in defense of national interests and Iranian prestige, resisted the aggression of the Russians and the British. became.

The Constitutional Revolution and the subsequent petty tyranny must be recognized with a historical background and global development. Yaperm was one of the military, security and revolutionary elites of the era of the Constitutional Revolution in Iran. After a minor dictatorship, he fought alongside other Mujahideen in the conquest of Tehran with the army of Mohammad Ali Shah, the tyrannical king of Qajar. After the defeat of Mohammad Ali Shah and the formation of a commission that was set up to oversee affairs and maintain order, he was appointed to head the police. During his presidency of the Order, Yapram Khan took significant corrective measures in the structure of the Order and subsequently established order and security in Iran. This article has used archival and library sources and based on the analysis of these data, has examined the actions of this constitutional Mujahideen in the structure of order and security of the country. According to the findings of this study, creating changes in the structure and organization of Nazmieh, ensuring public order and security, fighting against elements opposed to constitutionalism and supporters of Mohammad Ali Shah in defending the basic principles of constitutionalism and paying attention to the rule of law in the country were important actions of Pepram Khan. Yapram's actions have many pros and cons. Some condemned his actions in the Atabak Park incident, the dissolution of the parliament and the execution of Sheikh Fazlullah Nouri, the assassination and killing of Seyyed Abdullah Behbahani by the arbitrary Mujahideen and the escape of Haidar Khan Amavoglu, and some condemned these actions positively or in law enforcement. They have interpreted the protection of the constitutional revolution and the provision of security and the prevention of the collapse of the country.

Greater Khorasan in the first centuries AH had an effective role in the nature of historical events in the Islamic world; As far as the developments and effects related to it in this period can be called "Khorasan Resurrection". In addition to the intellectual-cultural aspect of these developments, it is important to study the political-military changes, including the uprisings in the form of comprehensive defense, using the existing intellectual contexts, and specifically seeking to defend the identity and revive Iran's economic and social heritage. Therefore, historical genealogy and explanation of common ground affecting the occurrence of these uprisings is an important issue that instead requires a study of the special position of Khorasan in terms of strategy, political-geographical power, intellectual-cultural support and socio-economic efficiency. The present article uses a descriptive-analytical approach and raises the question: What effect did the strategic position of Khorasan have on the nature of the uprisings in this region? It tries to examine the common ground and the nature of the uprisings in question. The results of the research indicate that the uprisings of the second century AH in Iran took place in Khorasan with their own nature of protest and were influenced by the special situation of the region and the dynamism of Iranian political thought there. These uprisings, with common features and a justice-seeking nature, were aimed at defending social identity and reviving the heritage of Iranian civilization.

With the political and administrative concentration of Iran after the rise of the first Pahlavi, islands and ports and the shores of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman found an important place in Iran's economic programs. As a result, the region experienced a period of commercial prosperity. Simultaneously with these developments, the intensification of the phenomenon of smuggling of goods, along with its legal trade, showed that as a result, a set of related factors continued and expanded, and the economic life of these borders faced many problems. The research method and approach is descriptive-analytical based on the study of books, unpublished documentary data and especially various Iranian publications in the late Qajar period and the first Pahlavi era. In conclusion, the author concludes that despite all efforts to combat illegal trade (smuggling of goods) during the reign of Reza Shah, for various reasons, including long water borders and vast land borders, widespread poverty, weak structure of order, restrictive laws Economic, influence and power of local rulers and readers, corruption and bribery of officials and various tactics in the export and import of prohibited goods, smuggling process has developed which has completely negative effects on maritime trade of the coasts and coasts of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman.

During the Qajar period, and especially after the Constitutional Revolution, the conquest of Tehran, and World War I, the Bakhtiari acquired modern, well-equipped weapons. It was with these weapons that they not only managed to maintain their supremacy, but also often posed serious challenges to the central government of Iran. With the coming to power of the Pahlavi government, Reza Shah Pahlavi decided to weaken the power of the Bakhtiari by taking weapons from them. In this research, descriptive-analytical method and using historical sources and documents are tried to answer these questions: What were the goals and motives of the Pahlavi government to disarm the Bakhtiari tribe? And how did the Bakhtiari react to their disarmament? The findings of this study show that Reza Shah Pahlavi, in order to prevent the military threats of the Bakhtiari people and reduce the dangers of their power to the centralized government, decided to disarm them. They did not and took and handed over some of the guns of their ancestral tribes, but in the second phase of disarmament, which took place after the arrest and execution of Khans by the Pahlavi government, both government officials and Bakhtiari used force and violence. They tried not to hand over all their weapons to them.

In Imam Ali (AS)'s intellectual dictionary, social security is a multiple and multidimensional concept, and for this reason, its roots can be seen from the world of politics to the world of economics and the heart of the social system. This research is carried out with an analytical approach in the political and social ideas of Imam Ali (AS) in order to discover his theoretical insight about the strategies of providing social security in the rule of Imam Ali (AS).In this research, library method and historical and narrative studies have been used to collect data. The qualitative method of contextual theory has also been used to analyze the data. The findings of this study illustrate the conditions and processes that are needed to ensure and maintain social security at the micro and macro levels.Analysis of historical and narrative data shows that Imam Ali (AS) has adopted various strategies to ensure social security in society. According to narrative data from the behavior and speech of Imam Ali (AS), it can be said that he has adopted four main situational, social, correctional and criminal strategies to ensure social security and deal with insecurity. In the field of social security in the context of society, examples of various social, political, economic and military contexts have been proposed, which show the complexity of social security and the need to use different capacities to provide it. Finally, the data show that in the security strategies of Imam Ali (AS), the comprehensive security domain is the most important consequence and security performance of the Imam.