فصلنامه دراسات الادب المعاصر
سال چهاردهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 53، ربیع 2022)

Language is undoubtedly the embodiment and symbol of the mind. Mental action is expressed when it comes to the stage of language, and expression is nothing but a combination of words and phrases. In fact, poets make their invisible minds visible and understandable in "what to say" and "how to say". The occupation of Arab countries, including Iraq and Palestine, as well as the imposed war after the victory of the Islamic Revolution, were a great test for the field. Anyone could protect the homeland in any way he could. This current remains to this day and is necessary to preserve the values of sacred defense. The present article is descriptive-analytical and the research findings indicate that the language of contemporary stability poetry with persuasive functions has religious, epic, cultural and mythological themes, and using structures such as allusion, simile, metaphor, aberration, The archetype, etc. depicts the blowing of the spirit of morality and the strength and heroic authority with a suitable and eloquent tone and meaning for the audience.

Sufism in the specific sense means finding the truths of things through discovery and intuition. In fact, cognitive mysticism depends on the spiritual state and is not described, and is directly related to the Absolute Being and is manifested first in the human soul and human essence, and secondly in human actions and behavior. The use of representations and symbols to express delicate and complex Sufi concepts was common among the Persian mystics and poets in the early periods of Islamic mysticism, in particular Maulana Abdul Rahman al-Jami, as one of the last great poets of that period. The appearance of “water” had a clear and high place in the mystical stories and tales of these great people as it was used as a symbol of “knowledge”. The influence of this issue is quite noticeable not only on the poets of his time but also on the poets of our time. We aim in this research to study the impact and reflection of this thinking on the thought and poems of the contemporary poet Sohrab Sepehri as one of the most creative Sufi poets. In the poem "The Message of the Fish", Sohrab reproduces the word "water", which is the symbol of "knowledge", in Islamic mysticism in the best possible way and beautifully. Since Sohrab's Sufi thought, in addition to Iranian Islamic mysticism, is influenced by other schools of thought, especially Buddhist mysticism, this interest will be very important and worth considering.

The study of the contemporary Arabic and Persian novels from the view point of the modern critic theories has special importance and strengthening such critical-cultural researches can be the miraculous key to solve political misconceptions between Iranian-Arabic focal points. Furthermore, many Arab regions have been as Iran under colonial domination. The present study shows technical methods of the two Algerian and Iranian writers in regard to the two French and Russian colonial powers. By giving a clear picture of protagonist and antagonist elements, the result of this research is that in Saedi's 'tup' protagonist as the foreground character plays antagonist role and is not the instigator of the story, even though not regarded as its prominent character. On the other hand, Saedi in developing the plot tries to make ethical charastristics of the characters salient. The common characteristics of the writers includes the consequences of colonialism picture in the rural life, and constituents such as: class conflicts caused by colonial oppression followed by combats and resistance to colonialists.

Metaphor as a tool for conceptualizing what is abstract is of particular importance among linguists Found. Following the research of cognitive linguists, the role of metaphor in everyday speech gradually became more prominent It became more colorful. Today, the study of metaphor in various fields of language is very important and without a doubt, feeling is one of the most important of these fields. It seems unlikely to speak of emotion without the use of metaphor or metaphor. One cannot speak of one's inner feeling without a metaphorical mapping and a part of the realm of origin matching the realm of the destination, which is the feeling. In fact, the properties of the source world and the destination world are so interrelated that the metaphor can be extended or its internal logic preserved. One of the interesting topics in the study of emotion metaphor is what areas of origin the speakers of each language consider in expressing their feelings and what are the most common ones. One of these feelings is the feeling of sadness, and in this article we intend to examine and compare the realm of feeling sad in Persian and English based on Zaltan Koch's theory.

The literature of the Palestinian resistance is considered an important and inseparable part of contemporary literature as well as the Intifada, and because of its roots in reality, it is one of the purest examples of sustainability literature throughout history. This type of literature as a branch of committed literature in the occupied territories due to concerns as well as oppression and resistance of the people and also due to its formation in contexts such as oppression, rape, tyranny, oppression and repression from a high position. And the issue of resistance against the occupiers, due to the recording of the struggles of the peoples of the Orient due to the political commonalities and beliefs that exist between the two nations of Iran and Palestine, as one of the central themes of Islamic Revolution poetry, in the works of many committed poets And there is a revolution. In this article, with a comparative approach to the poetry of Javad Jamil, a prominent Iraqi poet, and Seyyed Ali Mousavi Garmaroodi and Nasrallah Mardani, prominent poets of the Islamic Revolution, the common themes of these poets in dealing with the issue of the occupation of Palestine are examined. The resistance and stability of the Palestinian people and the fighters of this land have been praised by poets. Anti-authoritarianism and the expulsion of the usurpers of the land of Palestine are the aspirations of all three poets.

Algerdas Julien Garmas, one of the leading theorists of structuralist narratology, has presented a systematic theory of action model in character analysis, which is very flexible and has a greater capacity for story analysis than other models of theorists. In this descriptive-analytical study, based on library studies, an attempt is made to examine Garmas' pattern of action in the collection of short stories "Al-Shabab and al-Ghaniyat" by Mahmoud Teymour, a contemporary Egyptian writer, and a collection of short stories. "Talkh and Shirin" by Mohammad Ali Jamalzadeh, a contemporary Iranian writer. The aim of this study is to achieve the degree of conformity of these two effects with Garmas action pattern. The result of this research shows that the short stories of Mahmoud Teymour's "Al-Shabab and Al-Ghaniyat" and Mohammad Ali Jamalzadeh's "Talkh and Shirin" are similar in terms of narrative system, small number of characters and multiple roles of actors, with the difference that In the stories of Mahmoud Teymour, the actors are only human; But in Jamalzadeh's stories, the actors are divided into two groups of human and animal characters, and in general, it can be said that the short stories of both authors are compatible with Garmas' theory of action.

Shawqi Bazie and Manouchehr Achi are among the innovative poets in Lebanese and Iranian literature due to their special poetic language and are highly skilled in the process of constructing new words and innovative poetic structures. In this way, they used various literary strategies and techniques, including semantic deviations in their poetry. Farzan Sajoudi is also a well-known expert in the field of semiotics and signs. He divides his usual model of semantic deviation into two main parts, perception and abstraction, and each of them is divided into subsections. The current article attempts to study and analyze the homogeneity of their poetry in the light of a comparative perspective and based on the American School of Comparative Literature, regardless of the phenomenon of influence and vulnerability, in the light of a prostration model. The results of the research showed that Bazi' and Achi deviated from the rules of the normal language by relying on the typical axis of words in the context of animalism and humanity and relying on the element of life and metaphor in their poetic words, inventing the meaning of imagination that differs from its general meaning. Based on the grammatical axis of the vocabulary and using the imaginative power of simile, they grouped a group of heterogeneous words into a semantic chain within the context of the text, and returned the verbs and traits of plants to humans, and created different meanings for the words of the poem that differ in their semantic

Mohammad Mahdi Al-Jawahiri, a contemporary Iraqi poet of Iranian origin, who prayed in the story of the anti-domestic tyranny or the foreign aggression in all the political, social, economic and economic issues of the economy and the economy. In al-Thawri poetry, the jewels are discussed in terms of language for the development of all the branches of the world and the interpretation of the human meaning. And the secular culture is in the verdict of the protest ode and the critique, which is interpreted from the pain and the social meaning. And it's like a just court to change the knowledge of life and revival and suppression ... This article teaches the study of the effects of reflection and its reflection in the poems of this Iraqi poet in a descriptive and analytical way. Answering the current lesson on the basic question about the side of the aspects of the good that you have eaten in the jewels of the jewels and the side of the cheekbone that is strong against you. Searching Njaz according to the first-Jawahiri Ahtmama Khasa Lmfhvm Alsvrh I like Summit term research and demand Bttbyqha per Almjtm I Aldalh term research Valhryh Valmsavah.v Kahn Ynvy Vyqsd I Alahtjajy Srakhh per Vantqadh Crotone less apt delays, Kan Ynvy notification of people on Fighting with Alzlm Valqhr Valnfaq per Almjtm The rule of assembly is social justice.

AbstractCommitment in literature means that the poet or writer uses his intellectual and literary talent and ability in the service of his community, expresses the pains and sufferings, hopes and aspirations of his people in an honest language and away from affiliation and prejudice against the party or political tendency. Special portrayed. This thinking is the essence of committed literature. Accordingly, the poetry of the 2011 Arab Spring revolutions in Egypt is considered a committed poem, and after the decline of this type of poetry in the past decades, it has criticized the most important political and social issues during the rule of Hosni Mubarak. The present article seeks to study and analyze the manifestations of commitment in the poetry of the Arab Spring revolutions in Egypt shortly before and after 2011 in the poems of famous poets such as Abd- al Moati Hejazi, Farouk Gouida and Abd al Rahman al-ashmavi and some other anonymous poets. One of the most important findings of the study is that political tyranny as well as social problems such as poverty and unemployment have been the main reasons for the revolution of the Egyptian people. Therefore, committed poets opposed tyranny by focusing on tyranny and lack of civil liberties, and challenged it because of corruption in the administrative and governmental system. They also addressed social problems such as poverty and unemployment because of their attachment to society, and did not forget the leading role of poetry in awakening and calling for revolution.

Many Iraqi poets, in their poems, touched on the prevailing and ruling situation on the Iraqi people and the extent of the oppression of the ruler and occupier of their country, and they took different approaches to explain what happened to their homeland, Iraq. Among these methods, which have had an effective and effective resonance in the hearts of Iraqis, is the use of satirical poetry, and many satirical poets have emerged who use satirical poetry as a weapon to defend their principles and enlighten the ideas of their oppressed people. Irony in dealing with many social, cultural, religious and political issues in the Iraqi society in particular and the issues of the Arab world in general. Al-Shabibi and his political ideas went beyond the framework of Iraq and included a broader and more comprehensive framework, which is the Arab framework. Religion and mocking customs and traditions and the like. This study relied on the descriptive-analytical approach in dealing with the features of irony in the poetry of Muhammad Reda Al-Shabibi and showing his goals from employing such an art to reach his goals.