نشریه مطالعات دفاعی استراتژیک
پیاپی 88 (تابستان 1401)

Balancing and comparing the military power of countries is done by different institutions based on a series of different components in general and annually in the world, but according to the situation, capacity and other issues and related issues, each country is different from another country. Lack of a native model for this issue causes a computational error in the estimates. The main purpose of this study is to achieve and present a new model for balancing naval power with emphasis on naval power. This is a naval power leveling. This research is applied-developmental and uses interviews, questionnaires and mixed research methods (quantitative and qualitative). With the data collected and analyzed, the donors concluded that naval power consisted of two tangible and intangible "naval" dimensions, which ultimately included two tangible dimensions, components, and indicators. And intangible and with 24 components, of which 14 tangible components and 10 intangible components and 85 indices with 49 tangible indices and 36 intangible indices were confirmed by the sample community and the logical relationship between them, using analytical software.

One of the goals of the Islamic Revolution of Iran is conceptual use of Islamic knowledge and values ​​in all pillars of the system and at different levels of the people. One of the most important factors that can achieve this holy goal is the efficiency of the holy system of the Islamic Republic.In political science, efficiency or effectiveness indicates the ability to run a country by competent managers and perform the special work of government specialties and gain the maximum satisfaction of the people. In present study using descriptive-analytical methods and applied type, an attempt has been made to ask the question "What is the effect of efficient factors on the formulation of the internal conceptual using strategy of the Islamic Revolution?" to be answered. For this purpose, in order to confirm the enumerated factors on the development of the above strategy, two types of questionnaires were completely distributed among a statistical population of 40 people and after gathering datas from the statistical population data analysis and Friedman test were used for analyzing. The results include 29 factors affecting the efficiency of the system (10 factors of strength, 5 factors of weakness, 9 factors of opportunity and 5 factors of threat) for deepening (conceptual using)  the internal part of the Islamic Revolution.

One of the goals of the Islamic Revolution of Iran is conceptual use of Islamic knowledge and values ​​in all pillars of the system and at different levels of the people. One of the most important factors that can achieve this holy goal is the efficiency of the holy system of the Islamic Republic.In political science, efficiency or effectiveness indicates the ability to run a country by competent managers and perform the special work of government specialties and gain the maximum satisfaction of the people. In present study using descriptive-analytical methods and applied type, an attempt has been made to ask the question "What is the effect of efficient factors on the formulation of the internal conceptual using strategy of the Islamic Revolution?" to be answered. For this purpose, in order to confirm the enumerated factors on the development of the above strategy, two types of questionnaires were completely distributed among a statistical population of 40 people and after gathering datas from the statistical population data analysis and Friedman test were used for analyzing. The results include 29 factors affecting the efficiency of the system (10 factors of strength, 5 factors of weakness, 9 factors of opportunity and 5 factors of threat) for deepening (conceptual using)  the internal part of the Islamic Revolution.

In the statement of the second step of the Islamic Revolution, the supreme leader emphasizes on improvement of science and passing the current borders of knowledge. Gaining this important goal requires the achievement of a model that, with a systemic approach, explains the effective infrastructure in the implementation of knowledge management and the relationship between them.The present study has been written with the aim of achieving a model for implementing knowledge management in the universities of the Islamic Republic of Iran. This study is applied and it is collected by structural equation modeling.In this study, first the Delphi method was used from the opinions of 16 experts and specialists about the model. Then, to confirm the model, a questionnaire was distributed among 130 faculty members of AJA universities with the rank of instructor and above.The data collection tool was a questionnaire and the data were analyzed through SMART PLS software using descriptive tests and structural equation modeling. Based on the research findings, the knowledge management implementation model of 66 indicators in the form of 13 factors include; Organizational culture (culture of trust, culture of cooperation, culture of learning, culture of knowledge), organizational structure (formality, decentralization) and human resources (motivation, retention) Infrastructural factors; And knowledge production, knowledge storage, knowledge sharing, knowledge application and knowledge preservation. According to the ranking, maintaining the most important and knowledge culture has been the least important from the perspective of AJA universities experts in implementing knowledge management.

Situational awareness as an individual and collective ability plays an important role in understanding the operational environment and understanding the meaning of information received and predicting the near future for decision-making commanders and staff of the command and control network on the battlefield; Therefore, the purpose of present study is to provide a situational awareness model in the air defense command and control network. For this purpose, using theoretical foundations and semi-structured interviews, the dimensions of the model in six sections including individual factors, organizational factors, environmental factors and processes of situational awareness, decision making and performance as well as 38 components were determined. The validity of dimensions and components was confirmed qualitatively and quantitatively and the fit indices with values of NFI = 0.941, GFI = 0.953, TLI = 0.934, CFI = 0.879, RMR = 0.073, RMSEA = 0.068, Chi square = 2.541 which indicate data support an experimental model is presented. Eight experts and a statistical population including experts in the field of command and control in one of the AJA units and a sample size of 190 people were selected randomly and stratified. This research is a mixed approach in terms of territory in the field of human and behavioral factors, in terms of development orientation, in terms of deductive-inductive approach, the main purpose of exploration, understanding and prediction is the method of collecting observation and interview information. The results showed that situational awareness is a complex process and is influenced by various factors such as individual, organizational and environmental and during the processes of perception, understanding and prediction, including how a person performs in dynamic and complex environments.

One of the most important pillars of educational systems, especially postgraduate courses, is educational needs assessment in order to develop curriculum content. This study was conducted with the aim of developing a curriculum for the doctoral course in military thought of the University and the Higher Research Institute of National Defense and Strategic Research. The method of the present study is qualitative and uses the tools of interviewing and snowball sampling. After analyzing the content of the interviews with experts who are 12 professors of military thought, key concepts have been extracted and the main categories have been enumerated by combining the key concepts. Then, the main categories were determined based on the model of Chong educational needs assessment process in three components: determining needs, setting goals and curriculum. Then a closed questionnaire was distributed to confirm the opinions of experts and specialists. To determine the reliability of the research quantitative instrument, the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha using Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) . Finally, the component of determining educational needs with 8 indicators, the component of educational goals with 9 indicators and the component of curriculum with 21 indicators were determined .

In the Islamic Revolution, politics is the same as religion and is based on monotheism and leadership. In the political philosophy of the Islamic Revolution, although mundane progress is desirable, the goal is the growth and excellence of humanity and society. In this area, individual and social security is derived from faith; in fact, in order to achieve "security", Islam must be preserved; Therefore, if human beings and the Islamic society maintain the Islamic faith with justice, it will enjoy peace and security. In other words, what provides security is not only terrene but also individual and social spiritual needs. This view is fundamentally different from the view of humanism, which is based on creating material needs of human beings and society in order to do sovereignty and gain power. Each of these two approaches has a different political-security philosophy. In the political philosophy of the Tehran Security School, real security, which is in accordance with human nature, is provided in the leadership system, the source of which is monotheism. In present study the collection data were based on library research and uses the document analyses method from the perspective of experts in the field of security political philosophy and other qualitative data by referring to the verses of the Qur'an, commentaries, hadiths and orders of Imam Khomeini (may God have mercy on him) and Imam Khamenei (may God keep him alive) and using Qualitative content analysis of the content has been analyzed and concluded.

Indian Ocean is a strategic, important and economic ocean in the world to the extent that it has been known as the heart of the world’s oceans and is a bridge among Southwest Asia, East, South and Southeast Asia, Australia, Africa, Europe and the United States. It contains a large volume of the world’s maritime traffic. Concerning the strategic location of Indian Ocean, regional and trans-regional actors have different geopolitical interests in the region, which may sometimes lead to security crises in the region. The present research benefits from practical-developmental type of design inspired by an exploratory and grounded theory methodology and mixed-method approach. The sampling method in this study was to determine the total number and the participant experts included 12. Data collection was also done through semi-structured interview and continued until theoretical saturation. Based on the results of the study, 11 concepts, 71 categories and 33 themes including 6 causal factors such as defense-security factors, geopolitical factors and economic factors, 4 contextual factors such as the necessary basis for regional independence, and the creation of a common and combined force were obtained. There was one intervening factor such as naval capability of countries, geostrategic position, economic vulnerability of countries, and conflict of interest were also attained. Six strategies such as using the capacity of convergence and solidarity, reducing the military presence of foreign actors and intervening powers and 11 consequences such as increasing the use of strategic depth of the Islamic Republic of Iran, increasing the degree of solidarity of countries in the region with the Islamic Republic of Iran, participation in the defense-security coalition, military interactions, and economic relations were emerged, leading to the development of the convergence model of maritime security in the North Indian Ocean with emphasis on military and economic areas.

In land management, regulating the human relationship and human activities in space is a holistic, comprehensive and long-term approach to planning. By carrying out provincial planning, obstacles, problems and potential capabilities in various socio-economic and spatial fields of the country will be revealed. This study seeks to identify geographical, environmental and spatial factors affecting economic, political, military, cultural and environmental activities affecting the territorial planning of the northern provinces. The main purpose of this study is to explain the typology of land management in the northern provinces. This research is of applied and developmental type and has been done in a historical and descriptive method. The statistical population is 86 people and data collection has been done in two ways, field method and library method. Data were entered into SPSS software and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The questions of the questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques and 7 components with 103 factors affecting the territorial planning of the northern provinces were obtained. Defense-security with 13 factors, geography with 19 factors, population with 15 factors, environmental with 16 factors, political with 15 factors, economic with 15 factors and cultural with 18 factors.