فصلنامه تحقیقات در علوم ورزشی و گیاهان دارویی
پیاپی 4 (تابستان 1400)

Aging is a stage of life that is associated with physiological changes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of six weeks of selected aerobic training on some physiological factors in elderly men.

In this quasi-experimental and applied study, 48 sedentary male elderly volunteers with the age range of 60 - 70 years were selected as the statistical sample in Gilan-e-Gharb and divided into two groups of aerobic training and control (n= 24, in each group). The training protocol was performed for six weeks, three sessions per week and each session lasted one hour with an intensity of 55% of the maximum heart rate. Aerobic capacity, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, red blood cells and hemoglobin were measured before the study and also 48 hours after the last training session. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov, independent samples t-test and dependent samples t-test were used to analyze the research findings (P≤0.05).

Six weeks of aerobic training had a significant effect on improving aerobic power, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, red blood cells, and hemoglobin in elderly men (P = 0.001).

It seems that six weeks of aerobic training can be used to improve cardiovascular risk factors as well as hematological factors in elderly men.

Obesity causes high disorders as increasing atherogenic index and physical activity is able to control obesity that can possibly increase lipid peroxidation. Therefore, the study was performed to evaluate the effect of vitamin E supplementation on atherogenic and lipid peroxidation responses induced by interval training in obese male Wistar rats.

The present study was a laboratory experimental method. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into four groups: training (TG; N=8), supplementation (SG; N=8), training with supplementation (TSG; N=8), and Control (CG; N=8). The interval training consisted of 30 minutes running on treadmill per day, 5 days a week, for 8 weeks. Vitamin E supplementation was also available daily with 300 mg/g of body weight along with drinking water in SG.

The finding revealed a significant decrease between TSG compared with CG in MDA (p=0.010), AIP (p=0.001), TC (p=0.001), TG (p=0.001) and LDL-C (p=0.001) variables. Also, MDA variable a significant decrease between TSG compared with TG (p=0.001). A significant decrease between TG compared with CG and SG in AIP (p=0.031), TC (p=0.024), TG (p=0.012) and LDL-C (p=0.010) variables were observed; while HDL-C variable showed a significant increase between TSG compared with CG (p=0.024) and TG compared with CG (p=0.031) (p≤0.05). Discussion and

Vitamin E supplementation can improve atherogenic index and by increasing of antioxidant system causes reduce exercise-induced lipid peroxidation in obese rats; while the positive effects of improving body composition and controlling obesity were achieved to exercise.

Exercise and Citrus aurantium (CA) have a beneficial effect in delaying the aging process of the liver in elderly. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training (T) with consumption of CA on Liver p16 and p21 in the liver tissue of elderly rats.

In this experimental study, 25 elderly female rats were placed in five groups of 5 rats, including 1) control, 2) sham, 3) CA, 4) T and 5) T+CA. Over the course of eight weeks, groups 4 and 5 ran on the treadmill three sessions per week at 65 to 75 percent of the maximum running speed, and groups 3 and 5 received 300 mg/kg/day of CA extract peritoneal. Forty- eight hours after the last training session and CA consumption, gene expression levels in the liver tissue were measured by real-time PCR method. In order to analyze the findings, the Shapiro-Wilk, one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post- hoc tests were used (P≤0.05).

P16 expression was significantly reduced in CA (p=0.048), T (p=0.040) and T+CA (p=0.007) groups compared to control group. Also, a significant decrease in p21 expression was observed in CA (p=0.048), T (p=0.032) and T+CA (p=0.007) groups compared to the control group.

Eight weeks of T and CA alone improved the expression of genes involved in Liver cellular senescence markers of elderly rats. However, the combination of T and CA did not have more favorable effects than either alone.

The use of supplements, herbal extracts, and exercise training for the treatment of diseases and metabolic disorders has increased among people. The purpose of this study was to the Effect of Aloe vera Intake and eight-week aerobic training on serum vaspin, Glucose and serum Insulin in diabetic type 2 Women.

In this quasi-experimental study 32 diabetic type 2 Women participated and They were randomly divided into Four groups control, supplement, training , training + supplement. Training program was performed during 8 weeks (3 sessions per week, 60 min per session). The subjects consumed a supplement group of 400 mg of Aloe vera daily for 8 weeks. Ben Fonney's post hoc test and covariance analysis test were used to examine the ingroup differences and between the research groups.

The results showed that eight weeks of aerobic and supplementation of aloe vera significantly decreased vaspine, fasting glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, BMI and fat percentage in diabetic type 2 Women (P = 0.001). Quicki and VO2max also significantly increased (P = 0.001).

Implementing Simultaneous consumption of Aloe vera supplementation and aerobic training have protective effect on diabetes– induced complications in diabetic type 2 Women.

This study investigated the The effect of eight weeks of resistance training and glutamine supplementation on some hematological factors and maximum strength of male athletes. For this purpose For this purpose 24 men at Mashhad were selected on a voluntary basis and according to research requirements through recall informed of the study, that were placed in three groups of eight persons including Control group and placebo group and glutamine group. Resistance training included: 8 moves, 3 sets, 8 to 10 repetitions, with 60% intensity, one maximum repetition and more than 75% incremental. Subjects consumed their supplement and medication 3 days a week. Statistical analysis of the data using the software SPSS version 21 was carried out by Repeated measures and Tukey test at the significant level P>0/05. The findings indicated a significant increase in neutrophil levels, blood lymphocyte and maximal power through resistance training and glutamine consumption, but Resistance training alone could not make significant changes in the factors. Therefore, it is recommended that the coaches, along with the setting of a resistance training program for athletes, also use glutamine supplementation to enhance the ability to exercise, by increasing some of the blood factors leading to the improvement and strengthening of the immune system.

One of the factors related to health goals is to promote students' health in order to create a bed and also to promote it in the general population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of physical education in schools on the level of students' health according to the physical education curriculum in Iran.

In the present descriptive study, by searching electronic databases by searching for the keywords health, student, physical education and physical activity, the articles related to the study were selected and reviewed based on the goals of health-related physical fitness as well as general health and some specific diseases in Students were categorized and presented content.

The results showed that sedentary behaviors increase sedentary related diseases such as obesity, metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases, which reduces the quality of life of children in life stages. It was also found that an enriched physical education class could not only increase the physical fitness of children, but also increase physical literacy and health in the community

Considering the importance of physical education course in improving the health of students and also creating a platform for health promotion, it seems that in Iran, although educational and health goals are pursued, but according to the needs of places and the quality of this equipment It is suggested that the objectives be tailored to the educational content and the development of facilities and infrastructure.