فصلنامه تحقیقات در علوم ورزشی و گیاهان دارویی
پیاپی 5 (پاییز 1400)

Previous studies have shown the positive effect of aerobic exercise and curcumin on various variables in diabetes. Also, the combination of these interventions may have a synergistic effect on research variables. The present study investigates the independent and combined effect of aerobic exercise and curcumin supplementation on plasma C-reactive protein concentration in diabetic rats.

Forty male rats were equally divided into healthy control, diabetic control, diabetic exercise, diabetic curcumin and diabetic curcumin + exercise. Aerobic exercise (five sessions / week, each session 30 minutes at a speed of 22 meters / minute, slope: five percent) and supplementation (30 mg / kg body weight, three days / week) were performed for eight weeks. Rats were sacrificed 48 hours after receiving the last intervention.

Diabetes increased the concentration of plasma C-reactive protein (P = 0.001). Exercise decreased plasma C-reactive protein concentration (P = 0.001) in diabetic rats. Curcumin also reduced plasma C-reactive protein (P = 0.001) in diabetic rats. The combination of exercise and supplementation had a greater effect on reducing the plasma C-reactive protein concentration than mono / supplementation alone (P <0.001).

Exercise and curcumin separately reduced plasma C-reactive protein concentration in diabetic rats. It also seems that the use of a combination of exercise and curcumin than the use of each alone, has been more effective on the variables of the present study.

Aging and overweight are associated with an increase in oxidative stress indices. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Spirulina supplementation (SP) with aerobic exercise (AT) on oxidative stress in overweight elderly men.

In this clinical trial study, 40 overweight adult men (age 57.41±4.82 years, Body mass index: BMI 27.88±2.21 kg/m2) were selected from Bandar-e-Anzali and randomly allocated into four groups; including Overweight (OW), Overweight-Aerobic Training (OWAT), Overweight-Spirulina (OWSP) and Overweight-Aerobic Training -Spirulina (OWATSP). The OWSP and OWATSP groups were provided with two 500 mg SP tablets daily in the morning and evening. Training groups participated in an aerobic exercise program for eight weeks, five sessions per week (with an intensity of 65 to 85% of peak heart rate, 40 minutes). Data were analyzed using ANCOVA at a significance level of P<0.05.

It was shown that AT and SP increased SOD (P=0.001 and P=0.011), GPX (P=0.0001 and P=0.0001) and CAT (P=0.005 and P=0.018). Simultaneous intervention of AT and SP also had a positive and strengthening effect on increasing SOD (P=0.00001), GPX (P=0.00001) and CAT (P=0.0001). MDA also had a significant decrease in OWAT (P = 0.001), OWSP (P = 0.001) and OWATSP (P = 0.0001) groups.

AT and SP could improve the oxidative stress in overweight adult men, by altering the levels of SOD, GPX, CAT and MDA. Nevertheless, the effect of the combination of exercise and supplementation was greater.

pilates improves spinal condition at an important level of flexibility and strength. the aim of present study was to Investigate the effect of 8 week of Pilates correction exercises on cardiorespiratory fitness and working memory capacity of girle students kyphotic aged 12 to 15 years in Kangavar city in 1400.

The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. Twenty-five girle students aged 12 to 15 years with kyphosis were purposefully selected. After eliminating the sick and the final drop, the number of samples reached 15. Students' kyphosis angle was measured with a flexible ruler, cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by a shuttle& run test, and working memory capacity was measured by a computer test. K-S test was used to investigate the normal distribution of data and paired t-test was used to evaluate the changes in research variables at the significance level of α = 0.05 using Spss software, version 16.

Based on the results of this study, the means of the three variables; There is a significant difference (p≤0.05) in pretest and posttest memory for working memory capacity (p = 0.000), cardiorespiratory readiness (p = 0.000) and kyphosis angle (p = 0.000). It can be argued that Pilates largely avoids high impact, high power output, and heavy muscular and skeletal loading and this improves physiological and cognitive functions.

Fatty liver disease is the most common cause of liver enzyme disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of resistance training with different intensities on liver enzymes levels in patients with fatty liver who were working as disciplinary force staff in Ahvaz, Iran.

Participants in this study were patients with fatty liver in age range of 30-50 years who were working as disciplinary force staff in Ahvaz, Iran. Out of 200 patients diagnosed with fatty liver, 30 volunteers were selected and studied in this study. The participants were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 subjects, including: 1. High-intensity resistance training 2. Moderate-intensity resistance training, and 3. Control group. Using blood sampling, the levels of AST, ALT and ALKp enzymes were measured in the laboratory at the beginning and end of 8 weeks of resistance training. Data normalization was performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests. Also, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD post hoc test were used to examine the differences between the three groups. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software version 18 at a significance level of 0.05 (α = 0.05).

The results showed that high intensity resistance training had a significant effect on AST, ALT and ALKp enzymes (P ≤ 0.001). On the other hand, moderate intensity training had a significant effect on AST and ALT enzymes (P ≤ 0.001), while this type of training had no significant effect on ALKp levels (P ≤ 0.099).

Both moderate and high intensity resistance training can improve AST, ALT and ALKp enzyme levels; however, high-intensity resistance training seems to play a more prominent part.

Athletes use supplements to enhance their maximal performance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of zinc magnesium aspartate (ZMA) supplements on the body composition and strength of male sprinters.

In this experimental study, sixteen sprinters (21-28 years old) were randomly divided into control and supplement (ZMA) groups. Control and supplement groups received dextrose and ZMA, respectively, for 8 weeks. Body composition and 1-RM of the upper body (dumbbell flat bench press and standing barbell biceps curl) and lower body (leg press machine, the lying hamstring curl with a weight machine, and leg extensions) were examined before and after 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using dependent and independent T-tests.

There was no significant difference between pre and post-intervention in control and supplement groups in body weight (Kg), body mass index (Kg/m2), body fat %, body fat (kg), fat-free mass (Kg) (p˃0.05). 1RM increased significantly post-intervention compared to pre-intervention in the supplement group (p=0. 005) but not in the control group (p= 0.02). 1RM in the upper and lower body increased significantly in the supplement group compared to the control in post-intervention (p=0.04, p= 0.03, respectively).

According to the research findings, ZMA supplement did not improve the body composition of sprinter athletes. It can probably lead to an increase in 1RM in sprinters' lower and upper limbs.

Exercise activity has been shown to affect the concentration of leptin-affecting hormones such as insulin, cortisol, sex hormones, catecholamines, and growth hormone by altering leptin levels. The aim of this study was to compare effects of two combined training methods and ginger consumption on weight and anorexinergic hormones in overweight women.

The study was performed on 32 overweight women aged 30-45 years with a body mass index (BMI) of 25-30 kg/m2. The subjects were randomly divided into four groups of resistance training, resistance training + high intensity interval training (HIIT), HIIT + resistance training and HIIT. All subjects received 250 mg of ginger supplement daily, four times a day for eight weeks. The subjects performed HIIT at 80-90% of target heart rate in form of jogging, 35 minutes a session, three sessions a week for eight weeks. Subjects in the resistance training group performed eight weeks of training at 40-50% of one repetition maximum with 20-35 repetitions. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and 48 hours after the last training session. All data were analyzed with SPSS software (version 24) at 95% confidence interval using analysis of covariance and paired t-test.

Findings showed that eight weeks of combined training and ginger consumption were not significantly different in leptin, cortisol and fat profile and body mass index of women (p> 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the ratio of WHR and insulin to insulin resistance of overweight women (p <0.05).

It seems that the combined training method (resistance + HIIT) has a significant effect on WHR compared to other training protocols and it is recommended to use combined exercise for weight loss.