نشریه هیستوبیولوژی دامپزشکی
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 3، پاییز و زمستان 1393)

In the present study the rate of Theileria and Babesia spp. infection of sheep housing in Khoramabad, Iran was determined by using PCR technique and traditional giemsa staining method. DNA was extracted from blood samples that collected from 100 sheep from five regions of Khoramabad and amplified by using specific primers derived from 18S rRNA gene of the mentioned piroplasms by PCR technique and subsequently analyzed on agarose gel using ethidium bromide under UV condition. Additionally, the prepared blood smears of each sheep were analyzed by Giemsa staining method. The results showed that structures assembling the mentioned piroplasms were detectable in 15 blood smears. Twelve of them were determined as Theileria spp. and the remaining three as Babesia spp. The PCR results showed that 28 samples were positive. The PCR product specific for Theileria spp. amplified in 22 samples (22%). Babesia spp. were detected in 6 blood samples (6%). The apparent agreement between two tests was 81%. When PCR technique is considered as golden standard method, the sensitivity and specificity of the other method were measured as 42% and 95.8%, respectively.

The present study was done to evaluate serum bactericidal activity of fresh serum samples of buffalo on staphylococcus aureus. Between November 2002 and May 2003, 78 serum samples were collected from buffalos in Ahwaz slaughterhouse .The bactericidal assay was performed by incubating dilutions of test strains with equal volumes of fresh or heat inactivated buffalo serum samples for one hour at 37°C .Bacterial count performed by pour plate method and the diminution of the bacteria as a result of bactericidal effect of fresh serum was calculated. The results showed that there was not any statistical difference (p<0/05 ) between fresh serum bactericidal activity of buffalos with different sex or age but there was a statistical difference between fresh and heat inactivated serums.

Sarcocyst is a worldwide zoonosis that infects many humans and animals. From the point of view of health and economy, it has a large amount of loss for many countries. The parasite is one of the most common parasites in many humans, wild mammalians, birds, poikilothermic animals. Some of them are responsible for severe or fatal diseases in their intermediate hosts. In this study, the rate of infection to sarcocyst has been investigated in sheep by two methods macroscopic and digestive method, in the slaughterhouse of Borujerd, Iran. Sixty carcasses were randomly selected during two stages in: In the first stage, oesophagus, diaphragm, heart, scapular and femoral muscles have been inspected that in total 17 (28/33%) from of them were infected by the cyst. In the second stage, these parts were tested by digestive method (Pepsin: 2.5 grams; Chloric acid: 10 cc; Phosphatebuffered saline 100cc) and then the smears were stained by Giemsa. The specimen that had bradyzoite considered as the positive. In conclusion, 56(93/33%) of samples had bradyzoite. the study showed a significant differences between two methods (P<0.01). Microscopic method was more sensitive than the other method.

Diagnosis of fasciolosis is based on antibody or antigen detection in serum. Antigen detection provided early diagnosis of infection. With counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) antibody or antigen existence can be detected in less than 3 hours. This study assessed this test for diagnosis of Fasciola gigantica antigen in cattle. For this purpose, Fasciola gigantica were collected from liver of infected slaughtered cattles. Somatic antigen was prepared from collected parasites and was injected into 2 healthy rabbits for production of hyperimmuniune sera. For evalution of CIEP totally 20 negative and 40 positive sera were collected from slaughtered cattles. All sera were evaluated for diagnosis of fasciolosis by CIEP for detection of circulating antigen of Fasciola gigantica. Thirty six of forthy infected cattle sera were positive and twenty uninfected cattle sera were negative in CIEP. Sensitivity and specificity of CIEP for detection of Fasciola gigantica antigen were 100% and 90%, respectively. It is concluded that CIEP has acceptable sensitivity and specificity for rapid and early diagnosis of Fasciola gigantica.

The present investigation aimed to study the histological structure of skin and its pathological changes in goldfish (Carassius auratus) without consideration to responsible the agent. 20 goldfish with clinical signs of skin diseases were collected from aquariums in different part of the city. Skin tissue sections with five-micrometer thickness were prepared to examine by light microscope. The results showed that goldfish normal skin consist of layers including epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. Mucous cells, alarm cells and epithelial cells were observed in epidermis. Damaged skins showed pathological changes such as hyperplasia of epidermal cells, decrease of epidermal cell layers, leukocyte infiltration and epidermal destruction, hypertrophy of epidermal squamous cells, epidermal desquamination, intercellular edema, hemorrhage and transformation of red blood cells.

This study aimed to determine effectiveness of Satureja khuzestanica extract on Leishmania major in vitro. In present study standard strain of Leishmania major with MRHO/IR/75/ER international code was used that previously had been cultured in NNN medium. This parasite was transferred from NNN medium to RPMI 1640 medium. Then at logarithmic phase, certain numbers of parasite were taken from this medium and were added to cell culturing plate. Then effect of 250 , 500 , 1000 mg /ml extract of Satureja khuzestanica on Leishmania major promastigotes were examined in 24 and 72 hours and the effect of these concentrations were compared to glucantime. Additionally, effects of concentrations such as 250, 300, 350, 400, 450 mg / ml of Satureja khuzestanica extract was examined to obtain its minimum effective concentration. In the study and comparison between extract and glucantime with concentrations 250 , 500 , 1000 , mg /ml , after 72 hours , decrease in promastigote population were compared to untreated control in these concentrations and for Satureisa khuzestanica extract were 56.14% , 77.19% and 77.19% , respectively while for glucantime it was 19.29 , 24.56 , 33.33% respectively. Minimum effective concentration of this extract was up to 250 mg /ml . Satureja khuzestanica extract has an acceptable effect on Leishmania major in in vitro conditions in comparison with glucantime

Brain size varied between different animals and even individuals according to body size. These variation, influence the size, form and position of ventricular system. Education of some structures of organs such as ventricular system in anatomy may be hard. With regard to the cases, in this research, we evaluated the way of providing of brain ventricular cast in Lori sheep. For this purpose, thirteen number of healthy sheep heads were used. After separation of skull roof bones, the heads fixed in fixative solution. Metal needles positioned in suitable point and leading it into the lateral ventricles. Molding materials include Silicone RTV and adhesive stone injected. After preparation of casts, the structure, form and position of brain ventricles clear and studied.