مجله روانشناسی نظامی
پیاپی 50 (تابستان 1401)

Strengthening the dimensions of spirituality and religious orientation is one of the most important internal criteria against people's problems. Psychological resilience is an approach that shows the ability of a person to deal with unexpected and harmful events according to the general conditions of living and working environment. Flexibility allows a person to change the way he or she learns whenever he or she needs to.

The statistical population of the present study is  the martyrs’ wives of Alborz province. In this study, 451 people between the ages of 20 to 60 years were selected as the sample size. Data analysis was performed using 23-SPSS and 23-AMOS software. Pearson correlation test and stepwise regression were used to analyze the data.

According to the data analysis in terms of mean external religious orientation (P = 0.016, F = 4.23), internal religious orientation (P = 0.001, F = 8.35), resilience ( P = 0.001, F = 19.90) and psychological flexibility (P = 0.001, F = 109.69) There is a significant difference between the spouses of martyrs with different levels of metacognition.

Religious orientation along with metacognition and tolerance of ambiguity can be a prerequisite for resilience, resilience helps to improve post-traumatic growth.

The aim of the present research was the study of the relation between Maladaptive schemas and two other variables including Cognitive Flexibility & Emotion expressivity through mediative role of Emotional Intelligence in home lockdown circumstances caused by COVID-19 pandemic.

The Statistical Society of the research included the all of the female teenager students who were educating in the secondary high schools of Tehran in 2020-2021 academic year. A sample of 511 people was selected. Sampling method was performed in a clustered Multi-stage manner. The collected data (by questionnaires: Young Schema -Short Form, Emotional Expressiveness, Cognitive flexibility and Shring's Emotional Intelligence) were analyzed by using SEM in order to determine the fitness of the model. Then, the fitness of the model was investigated in three levels: the fitness of measurement model, the fitness of structural model and the fitness of GOF. 

The findings of the research showed that the effect sizes of variables were such so: Emotional Expressiveness on Maladaptive Schemas (0.329–strong); Emotional Expressiveness on Emotional Intelligence (0.194–strong); Cognitive flexibility on Maladaptive Schemas (0.107– medium); Cognitive flexibility on Emotional Intelligence (0.057– medium) and Emotional Intelligence on Maladaptive Schemas (0.105–medium). As well, the T- Values of the relations between the variables were more than 1.96 and this showed that significant correlations existed between them.

The results of the research supported the examined model and that it was an appropriate model in order to explain the maladaptive schemas in female teenagers.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of self-compassion training on sleep quality and self-criticism in military spouses. The statistical population included all military personnel’s spouses in Rey, Tehran, from which 30 women who met the inclusion criteria were selected by purposive sampling method, which was randomly assigned to two groups of 15 experimental and control. Received 8 sessions of self-compassion training and the control group did not receive any intervention. Participants were assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Levels of Self Criticism Scale (LOSC). Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance using SPSS23 software. Comparison of means showed that the intervention was effective in changing sleep quality and self-critical scores. Differences from post-test to follow-up were not significant (P <0.05). This means that the therapeutic effects have been stable over time. Therefore, it can be concluded that self-compassion training has been effective on sleep quality and self-criticism of military spouses, and this effectiveness has been stable over time.

Competitive anxiety and self-confidence are factors that trigger different physiological responses in the body. The aim of the present study was to determine the change in physiological, psychological and shooting factors after a course of mental imaging exercises in military students.

The present study is a quasi-experimental study in which the statistical population was all officer students of Imam Ali (AS) Military University. they got. The experimental group received imaging exercises for 6 weeks in a sequence of three days a week. Cognitive anxiety, physical anxiety and self-esteem were measured through a questionnaire and cortisol from saliva and shooting performance through shooting.

The findings of the present study showed that after mental imaging in the experimental group compared to the pretest and the control group cognitive anxiety (p = 0.006), physical anxiety (p = 0.001), cortisol (p=0.002) Significant decrease and confidence (p = 0.001) and shooting performance (p = 0.001) have a significant increase.

In general, it can be concluded that imaging practice can be a strategy to reduce psychological, physiological and strategic responses to improve self-confidence.

The Aim Of This Study Was To Investigate The Effectiveness Of Critical Thinking Training Package In Adolescents' Attitudes And Harmful Use Of Virtual Social Networks Among High School Students. The Test Is With The Control Group. The Statistical Population Included All High School Students In Esfarayen In 2021-2022, Which According To The Type Of Research, 40 Students Were Selected By Cluster Sampling And Randomly Replaced In Experimental Groups. In This Study, The Experimental Group Was Given A Critical Thinking Training Package In Eleven 60-Minute Sessions; But The Control Group Did Not Receive Any Intervention. The Research Tool Is The Internet Attitude Questionnaire (IAS-4) Which Has 40 Questions And The Researcher-Made Questionnaire Harmful Use Of Social Networks Which Has 52 Questions. Validity And Reliability Of The Researcher-Made Questionnaire Were Reported Using Face Validity Method To Determine Its Reliability And Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient (0.89) To Determine Its Reliability. Data Were Analyzed Using Multivariate Analysis Of Covariance. The Results Showed That The Critical Thinking Training Package In The Harmful Use Of Virtual Social Networks Has Created A Significant Difference Between The Two Groups (P <0.01, F = 51.244 / 224, W = 0.150) .The Results Also Showed That There Is A Significant Difference Between The Experimental Groups In The Critical Thinking Training Package In Adolescents' Attitudes Toward Virtual Social Networks (P <0.01, F = 51.451, W = 0.384). The Results Of This Study Can Be Used To Reduce Harmful Behaviors In The Use Of Virtual Networks Among Students.

The aim of this study was to determine the difference between perceived stress, loneliness, anxiety and marital boredom in veteran spouses with the spouses of normal people. The research method was causal-comparative (post-event) according to its objectives and hypotheses. The statistical population of the study consisted of all veterans' spouses and their normal counterparts. Based on the available sampling method, 100 spouses of veterans and 100 spouses of ordinary people were selected. To collect information in this study from Cohen et al.'s (1983) Perceived Stress Questionnaire, the abbreviated form of Adult Loneliness Scale; The Penn State Concern Questionnaire and the Marital Boredom Scale (CBM) were used. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that the variables of perceived stress, loneliness, anxiety and marital boredom were significantly different between veteran spouses and normal people (P0.01); Perceived stress, feelings of loneliness, anxiety and marital boredom in veteran spouses are higher than normal people. Based on the findings, it is inferred that in order to promote the overall psychological health of veterans 'families, it is very important to pay attention to the psychological health of veterans' spouses.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of self-compassion training on life orientation and interpersonal forgiveness among veterans' spouses. The statistical population included all the wives of veterans who referred to the Martyrs and Veterans Foundation of Karaj in 2021, from which 30 women who met the criteria for inclusion in the study were selected by purposive sampling method which was randomly assigned to 2 groups of 15 people. Experiments and controls were selected and the experimental group received 8 sessions of self-compassion training and the control group did not receive any intervention. Participants were assessed using the Life Orientation Questionnaire (1994) and Interpersonal Forgiveness Questionnaire (2005). Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance using SPSS23 software. Comparison of means shows that the intervention was more effective in changing the scores of life orientation and interpersonal forgiveness. Differences from post-test to follow-up were not significant (P <0.05). This means that the therapeutic effects have been stable over time. Therefore, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of shaft treatment on life orientation and interpersonal forgiveness is stable over time.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotional schema therapy training on psychological, emotional and social well-being among women in the family of martyr with persistent complex bereavement disorder (PCBD). The statistical population of the study included all the wives, mothers and daughters of martyr who referred to the Sari martyr Affairs Foundation in 1400, from which 30 women who met the inclusion criteria were selected by random sampling method. The 15-member experimental and control groups were selected. The experimental group received 10 sessions of emotional schema therapy training and the control group did not receive any intervention. Participants were assessed with the Keyes & Magyar-Moe(2003) Mental Well-Being Scale. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance using SPSS23 software. Findings showed that the intervention was effective in changing psychological, emotional and social well-being scores. Differences from post-test to follow-up were not significant (P <0.05). This means that the therapeutic effects have been stable over time. Therefore, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of emotional schema therapy on the psychological, emotional and social well-being of women in the family of veterans with PCBD has been effective and is stable over time.

The purpose of this study was to develop and determine the effectiveness of the media literacy education package for Iranian adolescents living in Doha.

In terms of nature and objectives, this research was applied and for its implementation, three consecutive studies were conducted. The statistical population in this study includes the statistical population of this study includes all male high school students in Doha who were studying in the academic year of 1998-99. For this purpose, based on the score obtained in the pre-test by peer-to-peer method, students are divided into experimental and control groups, and then the educational package prepared by the researcher is implemented and effective in the desired classes during a semester. This training was evaluated and reported in the pre-test and post-test. A media literacy questionnaire was used to collect data and its validity and reliability were confirmed. Data analysis of the questionnaires was performed at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics. At the level of inferential statistics, univariate analysis of variance (ANCOVA) tests were used. 

Findings show that the effect of media literacy training package intervention on students' media literacy has been confirmed. The results also showed that media literacy training is significantly effective in reducing cyber-bullying. 

It seems that therapists, counselors, teachers and organizations can use the results of the present study to reduce the harm caused by cyberspace in adolescents.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive treatment on psychological distress and addiction in drug-using soldiers.

The statistical population included all soldiers consuming drugs in Karaj, from which 30 soldiers who met the inclusion criteria were selected by convenience sampling method, which was randomly assigned to two groups of 15 people tested and controlled. The experimental group received 8 sessions of positive psychotherapy and the control group did not receive any intervention. Participants were assessed using Addiction Potential Scale (APS), Kessler psychological distress questionnaire. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance using SPSS23 software.

Comparison of means showed that the intervention was effective in changing the scores of psychological disturbance and tendency to addiction. Differences from post-test to follow-up were not significant (P <0.05). This means that the therapeutic effects have been stable over time.

Therefore, it can be concluded that positive therapy training has been effective on psychological distress and addiction in soldiers who use drugs, and this effectiveness has been stable over time.