فصلنامه پژوهش های مدیریت منابع سازمانی
سال دوازدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 46، تابستان 1401)

Calling is a concept that has attracted the attention of researchers in various fields in the last decade. Despite that, the variety and multiplicity of definitions provided and the different formulations of this phenomenon have led to a lack of consensus on the nature and dimensions of its construct. Therefore, the present study aimed to understand the construct of calling from the perspective of employees working in a non-governmental organization to help better understand this concept.

Since the aim was to find the structure of calling, and not to describe the experience of individuals, the research was designed and conducted with a qualitative approach of descriptive phenomenology and with the four-step Giorgi method. To collect the data, narrative interviews were conducted with eight employees of Mahak Institute, a well-known non-governmental organization in the country. To confirm the reliability of the analyzes, two methods of resonancy and reflectivity were used, which are among the evaluation methods of phenomenological research.

After determining units of meaning and transformations resulting from their combination, integration and abstraction, calling was defined as a kind of transcendental muster and the center and gravity of life. In addition, the key constituents of the meaning of the phenomenon and the relationships between them showed that this concept has a double-edged nature; The positive side are the endogenous motivating dimensions and the negative side are the annoying exogenous dimensions. Finally, key constituents of the calling construct and their meaning units were analyzed based on the description of each constituent.

Digital currency is a special form of digital money based on cryptography. The cost and time of transferring digital currency to different places is less than the traditional method. In banking, the method of transferring Fiat currencies has created many risks for banks due to different prices, long transfer time and high cost of Swift fees. The main purpose of this study was to provide a model for estimating the rate of return and risk of banks 'foreign exchange portfolio in Iran and to evaluate the effect of adding digital currencies to the banks' portfolio in terms of rate of return, risk and optimization using Value At Risk (VAR). To examine the extent of changes in banks' foreign exchange portfolio risk in combination with digital currencies, first the return and risk of a foreign exchange portfolio used in Iranian banks are calculated and optimized the using Value At Risk (VAR); then, by selecting a number of digital currencies and adding them to the foreign exchange portfolio of banks, the returns and risk related to the new portfolio are calculated and optimized using Lingo software. The results of the study show a reduction in the risk of the new portfolio.

Considering the development of technology and the increasing importance of online food ordering channels, this study aims to compare the effect of online food ordering channels on customers' purchase intention. This research is descriptive-analytical in nature, practical in terms of purpose, and based on the survey method. In the beginning, by reviewing the subject literature, the conceptual model of the research was obtained and led to model hypotheses that were tested by the structural equation modeling and partial least squares (PLS-SEM) approach in two outsourcing channels including Snapfood and the internal website of well-known chain restaurants in Tehran. Findings prove the positive effect of service quality, service attractiveness, and fair price on the perceived value of the distribution channel, while channel reputation has no significant effect on the perceived value of customers. Moreover, the results depict that the perceived value of distribution channels, customer satisfaction, and word-of-mouth advertising has a significant positive effect on the customer's purchase intention through the online channel, although there is an intensive total effect (indirect and direct) of perceived value on the customer's purchase intention In the outsourcing channel, contrary to the internal website.

Considering the importance of the key contribution of managers' competencies and performance in the success of organizations, especially in the public sector, the current research deals with the pathology of the current situation of the appointment system in the country's government organizations and tries to introduce the factors that lead to the establishment of an effective selection and appointment system. This research was done with a mixed approach (qualitative-quantitative). The data collection tool in the qualitative part is a semi-structured interview and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire. For data analysis, Max QDA11 software was used in the qualitative part and SPSS23 software was used in the quantitative part. Participants in the qualitative part of the research were 18 public managers and in the quantitative part, 303 public sector employees. The findings of the research show that in terms of the factors affecting the appointment of managers, relationships prevail over criteria, giving priority to party affiliations, convergence of the person with the manager and exerting political pressure for the appointment, and Factors influencing the preparation of the list of candidates for management positions are party and factional affiliations, exerting influence from outside the organization, orders from superiors, and having political and executive experiences are of the highest importance. It was also found that the commitment to the indicators of the positions in the appointments, passing the training courses before the appointment and being required to go through the organizational hierarchy as more important factors among 13 other factors play a role in creating a merit-based appointment system.

Attainment the sublime goals of the Islamic Republic of Iran requires comprehensive efforts in all cultural, scientific, social and economic dimensions. In this regard, science and technology is one of the most important infrastructures of the country's development and as a mean for competition in various fields. Industrial property and related executive policies of national measures included in the comprehensive scientific map of the country is subset to science and technology. This research has been done with the aim of identifying the indicators to evaluate the consequences of policies and executive policies of national measures related to industrial property from the comprehensive scientific map of the country. This qualitative development research uses content analysis method which has used the purposive sampling of the participants with the maximum variation. The data and information gatherd through unstructured interviews. To do so, interviewes were conducted with 13 experts, and the data analyzed by Atlas.ti software. In total, the concepts extracted from the interviews categorized into 127 primary codes and 5 main categories.

In the digital age, data can be considered as the most important organizational resource. Given the increasing volume, velocity and variety of data in Iranian businesses, it has become a concern for their executives how to gain innovation as well as business value from data. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate the role of big data and related analytics on innovation and then on business value using survey method. The study population was 158 Iranian businesses in Information Technology and E-business sector. In this case, businesses were questioned through judgmental sampling and questionnaires were analyzed via structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that the characteristics of big data have a positive and significant effect on big data analytics in those organizations. It was also found that data analytics in the businesses have a positive impact on the innovation and business value of the firms. Moreover, the impact of big data-driven innovation on business value creation in Iranian digital businesses has been confirmed. Also, the research results confirm the significant relationship between big data characteristics and innovation. Finally, the mediating role of innovation on the relationship between big data analytics and business value was approved. The results showed that innovations resulting from the analysis of large volumes of diverse data can lead to business value in Iranian businesses.

Government organizations have a bureaucratic and inflexible nature that leads to limitations for managers and employees. The use of inclusive leadership style leads to increased moral courage and boldness to increase the psychological safety and exchanges between managers and Increase staff and be able to circumvent cumbersome rules with benevolent intentions in order to achieve organizational goals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of inclusive leadership style on pro-social rule breaking by emphasizing the mediating role of psychological safety and creative self-efficacy and moderating member leader exchange.

The method of the present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the study is the employees of government organizations in West Azerbaijan province. Based on simple random sampling, 374 correct questionnaires were returned and the research data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software. Standard questionnaires were used to measure research variables.

Inclusive leadership has a direct and significant effect on pro-social rule breaking and indirectly has a significant effect on pro-social rule breaking through mediation of creative self-efficacy and psychological safety and moderation of leader-member exchange.

Research innovation: 

The results of the present study strengthen the application of inclusive leadership style in government organizations and help managers of organizations to understand the impact of inclusive leadership style on pro-social rule breaking to mediate creative self-efficacy and psychological safety and moderation. Provide leader-member exchanges to cause pro-social rule breaking to achieve organizational goals and the interests of stakeholders.

The probability of stock prices crash has great importance in portfolio analysis and pricing of capital assets. Therefore, one of the major issues that investors face in the capital markets is predicting the fall of stocks. Given this necessity, the purpose of this study is to provide an approach to estimate the risk of stock price crashes. Recently, methods called "artificial neural networks" have been used to predict monetary and financial variables in parallel with structural models and time series. These models, which are actually derived from the brain learning process, use computer computational speed to learn complex relationships between variables and use them to predict the future. Using the data of 20 companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange, the present study presents models to estimate the probability of stock prices crash in the Iranian stock market using artificial neural networks. The results indicate that artificial neural networks have good performance in estimating the probability of stock prices crash in the Iranian stock market.