نشریه سیاست های راهبردی و کلان
پیاپی 39 (پاییز 1401)

Innovation is a key element in national and international development of the countries. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the innovation status of Iran in comparison with some selected countries mentioned in the 2025 vision document. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The sample include Emirate, Iran, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Egypt from 2011 to 2018, all of which were analyzed through Promethee model. The data are extracted from the reports in the global innovation index. The findings showed that Emirate and Turkey have the highest level of innovation, Saudi Arabia and Qatar have the middle, and Egypt and Iran have the lowest level. Also, countries such as Emirate and Turkey can be considered as the main regional competitors of Iran with regards to the innovation indexes. Although Iran has had a rise in innovation during this period, it failed to achieve the promised level indicated in the vision document.

Considering the impact of development plans on the policy makers and executives, the achievement of the Islamic revolution's aims depends largely on the compatibility of these plans with the economic discourse of the Islamic revolution and their implementation. Accordingly, this study focused on "identifying the rural progress elements within Islamic revolution discourse", "analyzing the sixth development plan's compatibility with these elements", and "suggesting some ideas for the seventh development plan draft". The method employed was content analysis applied to Imam Khomeini's and the supreme leader's speeches, as well as the constitution. After identifying the elements of Islamic revolution's discourse with regards to the rural progress, the sixth development plan was investigated. Also, using the official data and the economic indexes, the compatibility of this document with the economic discourse of the revolution was studied. It was found that the compatibility of the indexes is not much promising, considering the revolution's discourse in the sixth economic, socio-cultural development plan. Therefore, it was suggested that the seventh development plan should modify some of these pitfalls.

In the modern era when human resources are the key elements to achieve the goals of an organization, it is imperative to provide opportunities for the growth of the employees. This study suggested a model for the growth of the employees at the governmental organizations. The aim was practical-developmental, and the method was survey-cross sectional. The data used were mixed (quantitative-qualitative). The population included professors of human resources management and experienced managers of the ministry, all in all 18 individuals. Purposeful sampling was employed at this qualitative level. At the quantitative level, the population included the employees at the ministry, 296 individuals, selected based on Morgan's table and random sampling. The instrument used were semi-structured interview and likert questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha. The validity was confirmed through homogeneous and heterogeneous reliability. The data analysis of the qualitative data was done through grounded theory, and the validity of the model was confirmed through partial least squares regression method. Based on the paradigmatic method of the study, the employees' growth at the governmental organization concerned: causal conditions (the need for constant learning, contact management with the beneficiaries, environmental changes, occupational development planning, and working conditions and requirements), contextual conditions (personal characteristics of the employees, IT infrastructure, general strategies of the organization, organizational culture, organizational structurer, and trust environment), interventional conditions (responsibility, organizational support, talent management, organizational rewarding system), mental (cognitive development, emotional development, behavioral development, and skill development), strategies (skill-based strategies, motivation-based strategies, and opportunity-based strategies), and consequences (performance improvement, strategic and future visions, organizational goal achievement, and sustainability of the human resources).

The current study aims to explain the model of technology and new innovation acceptance in the field of renewable energy used by urban and rural consumers from the perspective of the experts. A qualitative method and the grounded theory were employed. The data were collected through Delphi and unstructured interview. After collecting the data, they were categorized based on open, structured, and selective coding, and they were given to experts selected through snowball sampling to confirm the results. The findings showed that the elements included using the technology of renewable energy, tendency to using the technology of renewable energy, price, government, conceived benefit, accessibility, and cultural and advertising impact. Therefore, the suggested model can explain the acceptance of the new technology in the field of renewable energies.

Entrepreneurship can have an impact on the economic growth through innovation, invention, and competition. Entrepreneurship gives space to new ideas in the process of production to open the door for technology, product, and service. Entrepreneurship provides a condition for efficient economy, economic productivity, and technological advancement. This study investigates the impact of entrepreneurship on the economic growth. Accordingly, the global entrepreneurship index was employed to measure it. Other variables such as economic growth, GDP, the interaction of global entrepreneurship index and three sub-indexes of tendency, capability, and entrepreneurship motivation in the GDP of central Asia countries from 2017 to 2019 were analyzed as well. The econometrics model was suggested through PANTEL data approach via OLS method. So far as the main assumption is concerned, the findings showed a significantly positive impact of entrepreneurship on economic growth; however, the potentiality of entrepreneurship did not show a significant relationship with the economic growth. The results indicated a more comprehensive approach towards productive entrepreneurship for achieving economic development in the related countries.

The aim of this study was to design and validate the high school management model and improve the organizational structure in line with the general policies and the document of fundamental change in education. The data were collected quantitatively and qualitatively. In qualitative data, content analysis was employed and the elements of school improvement were identified by 15 experts in the educational management in order to be theoretically justified. They were used as a basis for designing the high school management model and improving the organization structure. The text to be investigated were the general policies of management and the fundamental change in education enacted in 2011. The instrument in the qualitative analysis were a semi-structured interview and the notes from the content analysis. The document analysis was used to extract the descriptive indexes in the process of content analysis. So far as the quantitative analysis is concerned with respect to the validation, the population included high school managers of Karaj which were selected through Morgan table, resulting in 384 individuals. The data analysis was done through SMART PLS 3 and SPSS 22. The findings indicated that the policies of school management model and the organizational structure could be designed in sixth macro policies and 13 micro policies. Out of the 385 frequencies related to the policies of school management model and organizational structure in the general policies and the fundamental change in education document, the most frequency, that is 60 basic themes (48.4%), was dedicated to the interest and macro policies. Also, among the elements of designing school management model and improving organizational structure, the causal elements and the significance of the measuring instrument showed that subcategories and the related elements had an acceptable significant role with 0.05 degree of freedom. The results showed that the model of school management model and the improvement of the organizational structure based on the general policies and the fundamental change in education is valid, consisting of financial, educational, moral, cultural, strategic, and administrative elements.

The aim of this study was to investigate the future of agricultural sector in region three of the national survey (Lorestan, Kermanshah, Ilam, and Hamedan provinces) in which scenario planning and system dynamics were used. The method was descriptive-analytical. The population consisted of researchers, managers, and experts in the field of agriculture. The data collection was done through library study, questionnaire, group panels, and expert panels. The data were analyzed through cross sectional and relational methods using MacMic and Nasim software. The findings showed that in the future of the agriculture in region 3 of the countries, 34 elements are playing roles. Among them, five have the most significant impact and the most uncertainty, including: commercialization, cutting the value chain, agricultural technologies, international commerce and market internationalization, expert and climate change. Based on the cross scenario analysis borrowed from two aspects of value chain of agricultural products and agricultural product technologies, four scenarios could be suggested for region 3: 1. agricultural sustainability, 2. increased pressure on natural resources, 3. agricultural unsustainability, and 4. non-economic agriculture. At the end, the condition of main agricultural indexes in each scenario are noted.

The current study aimed to investigate the role of communication and information technologies to promote the security and sustainability of the Persian Gulf and Makran coasts. The method was mixed based on quantitative-qualitative data. In the qualitative phase, the population included all the university professors in the field of security and sustainable development, as well as researchers of Persian Gulf issues, from which 14 individuals were selected for the interview. In the quantitative phase, the population included all the journalists and media experts in the fields of economy, tourism, culture, social security and development of Makran region which were selected based on Morgan table and random sampling, from which 247 were selected and to which the related questionnaire was administered. Based on the quantitative findings, there was a relationship between the development of communication and information technology, reasons of underdevelopment and ways to avoid it, encouraging local elites to return to the region, encouraging foreign investors to invest in Makran region, expansion of tourism and attracting tourists to the region, identifying human and geographical talents of the region, development of social capital of the inhabitants, and their social security.