Shiraz Emedical Journal
Volume:23 Issue: 10, Oct 2022

The organizational-citizenship behavior and organizational trust change the behaviors and attitudes and can also improve performance and efficiency among nurses as the team working incentives. Numerous environmental and occupational factors can affect the mentioned variables in employees but organizational justice, among other factors, exert a significant impact in this regard.

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived organizational justice with organizational-citizenship behavior and organizational trust among Iranian surgical technologists at Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) in 2021.

In this descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study, 183 surgical technologists of IUMS were investigated, and, therefore, the sampling method was census. Data collection tools were as follows: (1) Demographic characteristics questionnaire; (2) Niehoff and Moorman organizational justice questionnaire; (3) researcher-developed organizational-citizenship behavior scale; and (4) Gary A. Roeder Organizational Trust Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (mean ± standard deviation; frequency and percentage), Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression were performed to analyze the data by using SPSS software version 22.

Overall, the perceived organizational justice was poor, whereas the organizational-citizenship behavior and organizational trust were moderate. There was a positive and statistically significant correlation between organizational justice and citizenship-organizational behavior (r = 0.79), (P < 0.001). The same association was also observed between perceived organizational justice and organizational trust (r = 0.87), (P < 0.001). Moreover, 50% of the changes in perceived organizational justice, 67% in organizational trust, and 75% in organizational-citizenship behavior may have been explained and justified by demographic variables.

It was concluded that citizenship-organizational behavior and organizational trust in surgical technologists may have been increased by taking appropriate interventions such as increasing the perception of organizational justice as well as improving the performance and quality of services in hospitals.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third common cause of malignancy in Iran, and its incidence rate has been raised due to an increase in individual and environmental risk factors.

The present study aimed to define the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in CRC, then by drawing a phylogenetic tree, we aimed to analysis the sequences of isolated HPVs, and finally determine the viral genome physical status for HPV-16.

A nested-PCR (nPCR), direct sequencing, and INNO-LiPA HPV genotyping assay were carried out for HPV detection, and a quantitative real-time PCR assay (qRT-PCR) was conducted for the physical status of the viral genome.

Among 157 subsets, there were 66 cases and 91 controls. Moreover, 5.7% (9/157) were HPV positive by nPCR, among whom 9.1% (6/66) were cases and 3.3% (3/91) were control groups (P = 0.750). The qRT-PCR analysis showed three forms of integrated, episomal, and mixed forms in our three HPV-16 strains. A higher rate of HPV infection was detected in the CRC cases; however, it was not statistically significant.

Although there were limited positive results, higher ages (> 65) were related to HPV involvement and CRC outcome. Furthermore, 9.1% of the CRC cases were infected with HPVs. The HPV-16 genome integration is observed in high-grade cancer cases with severe malignancy in CRC patients.

Context: 

Studies have shown that various Assemblages, sub-assemblage (subtypes) and genotypes of Giardia intestinalis have multiple hosts; therefore, their distribution reservoirs as well as pattern of epidemiological distribution are different. The present study was conducted to summarize the results of genetic studies on Giardia intestinalis in Iran.

Evidence Acquisition: 

To investigate the articles on the sub-assemblage of Giardia intestinalis in Iran, a systematic search was conducted in Persian and English databases. The search process led to the entry of 23 articles into this systematic review. Also, in this study, to estimate the ratio of the dominant sub-assemblage of Giardia parasite in Iran, meta-analysis was used and a significant level of 0.05 was considered.

The results of this study showed that investigations on assemblages and sub-assemblage of Giardia intestinalis had been mostly made in the western half of Iran. The overall prevalence of A, B, and the mixed assemblages of Giardia intestinalis in these areas of Iran was estimated to be 0.56, 0.27, and 0.16, respectively. Also, the prevalence of AI and AII sub-assemblage of Giardia intestinalis in the same areas of Iran was 0.34 and 0.5, respectively. The prevalence of BIII and BIV sub-assemblage of this parasite in mentioned areas was further found to be 0.2 and 0.06, respectively. In addition, the total prevalence of all sub-assemblage (AI, AII, BIII, & BIV) was calculated to be 0.18 (P < 0.001).

Given that assemblage A of Giardia Intestinalis has the highest prevalence in the human society of western half of Iran, in this area of the country, the main epidemiological pattern of Giardia transmission is zoonotic. However, to identify the source of this parasite spread, more studies are needed.

While the ultimate goal of health care is to maintain or improve the health status, features of care, including the quality of hotel services, are important to enhance the quality of health care services. Due to the limited resources of the health system, it is important to recognize the strengths and weaknesses of health service providers for policy-making and allocating resources in line with customers’ expectations.

The current study aimed at ranking the dimensions of hospital hoteling services from patients’ perspectives using the importance-performance analysis (IPA) method in Tehran, Iran.

In this cross-sectional study, 440 patients were enrolled through multi-stage random sampling. The data collection tool was a questionnaire consisting of 44 items in six dimensions. Its internal reliability was determined based on Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α = 0.97). The IPA method was used to prioritize the dimensions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the paired t-test at a significance level of < 0.05.

In all aspects of hoteling, there was a significant difference between the performance of hospitals and the expectations of patients. The highest and lowest gaps between performance and expectation were related to the economic-financial and performance-process factors, respectively (P < 0.05). Based on the IPA matrix, the "physical-structural" and "economic-financial" factors were the major weaknesses, and the "need to allocate more resources" and "human-behavioral" factors were recognized as the most strong points. Considering that the dimensions of "cultural-religious” and "safety-security" were located in the third quadrant of the IPA matrix, these dimensions did not require additional resources.

The existence of a gap between hospital performance and patient expectation in all the hoteling dimensions indicated that the performance of hospitals in providing hoteling services was not proportional to the importance of these factors from the viewpoints of patients. The "physical-structural" and "economic-financial" factors were the major weaknesses of the hospitals studied. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention and allocate resources to these dimensions. Efforts should be continued to maintain and upgrade the status quo regarding the human-behavioral factors to boost patient satisfaction and improve the quality of hoteling services.

 Both purse-string sutures for surgical skin lesions and laser coagulation therapy are widely used to treat facial vascular malformations. The ultimate goal of using such treatments is to improve the appearance of these lesions and the patient's long-term satisfaction and quality of life.

 Our study aimed to address the outcome of different therapeutic procedures in patients suffering from facial vascular malformations regarding long-term satisfaction, quality of scars, and quality of life.

 This self-control before-after interventional case series study was conducted on 60 consecutive patients with congenital vascular lesions. Patients were treated with purse-string methods along with coagulation, excision, and graft and ablation catheter. Before surgery and at intervals of one week, three weeks, six weeks, three months, and six months after surgery, the subjects were evaluated in terms of satisfaction, quality of scars, procedural outcomes, and quality of life.

 There were significant changes in patients' satisfaction, quality of the scar, procedural outcomes based on the patient-reported outcome measures, and quality of life within six months after interventions. The improvement of the lesions was independent of gender, age, size, and the location of lesions.

 Regardless of the therapeutic approaches, significant improvements in postoperative outcomes concerning patients' satisfaction, quality of the scar, daily activities, and quality of life are expected in patients suffering from facial vascular malformations.

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of services provided in Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) centers from the perspective of clients.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) in Shiraz, Iran, in 2019. The data were collected using a SERVQUAL questionnaire.

The mean scores of expected and perceived service qualities were 4.81 (95% CI: 4.741 - 4.864) and 3.96 (95% CI: 3.901 - 4.019) in male subjects and 4.85 (95% CI: 4.80 - 4.89) and 4.09 (95% CI: 4.01 - 4.135) in female subjects, respectively. There was a significant difference between the expectations and perceptions of clients in all dimensions of service quality in VCT centers. The gaps in the dimensions of responsiveness and empathy were greater than all other dimensions.

Due to the high dissatisfaction of PLWH with the quality of services in the responsiveness, accessibility, and empathy dimensions, priority should be given to these dimensions in any improvement effort. The low education level of this group should be taken into account for any educational programs to be successful.

Conventional treatments may not be effective in some severe cases of fecal incontinence (FI).

In the present study, we evaluated the applicability of ventral pelvio-anal reconstruction (VPAR) as a modified operative technique for 17 patients with severe and refractory FI.

We performed VPAR by placing a mesh in the perineum and securing it at the sacrospinal ligament on both sides. The Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score (CCIS) and Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life (FIQoL) questionnaires were completed by the patients, and anorectal manometry was performed before and after the operation (3,6 and 12 months), and the results were compared against the baseline values.

The operation was successful in all patients; no mesh was explanted during the follow-up period, and all patients reported satisfactory outcomes. Postsurgical anorectal manometry showed an increase in both rest and squeeze pressures. The CCIS decreased while the FIQoL increased significantly during the first-year follow-up (P < 0.001).

By incorporating the implant into the perineal body, we hypothesized that our combined technique would lead to favorable outcomes, and the preliminary results confirmed this. Further studies with larger patient populations and more extended follow-up periods are needed to confirm our satisfactory results and conclude that the VPAR approach is a safe and appropriate therapeutic option for patients with severe and refractory FI.