نشریه پژوهش های حدیثی - کلامی
پیاپی 1 (پاییز و زمستان 1401)

For a long time, there has been controversy over whether Kitab Salim ibn Qays was a real person and over the authenticity of his historical-theological hadiths in Islamic and especially Shiite sources. Proponents of the authenticity of Salim’s book have attempted to verify the authenticity of the book by relying on the affirmative opinions of previous thinkers, often regardless of the problems in the content of the book as well as the diverse and confusing manuscripts of the book. Yet, Muhammad ibn Ibrahim Nu'mani’s opinion, a Shiite scholar or transcriber in the fourth century AH, is very important in this regard for several reasons. There are six narrations about Salim, as well as a confirmative sentence about him and his book in Al-Ghaybah’s book. It is necessary to examine the originality of Nu'mani's affirmative sentence in al-Ghaybah’s book. The present study shows that according to the evidence, the affirmative text about Salim and his book—whether added to the fourth chapter of Nomani's book inadvertently or otherwise—is fictitious.

Ring motifs reflect the beliefs and reproduce the religious values ​​and principles that are used with respect to the diversity of the situations in the institutionalization of social and cultural values. Because ring jewel was used as a seal in writings and commandments in Islamic societies, it promoted religious rites and played a part in preserving the values ​​and institutional principles. There have been reports on ring inscriptions of some prophets and imams, some of whom had different rings with different designs worn according to the requirements of time and place. Imam Reza’s (AS) rings were engraved with monotheistic sentences, including "May God bless", "There is no power except with God" and "God suffices". The preset study discusses the content and the rational for choosing these sentences. The findings show that by choosing the above-mentioned monotheistic motifs, Imam Reza (AS) tried to fight against the Abbasid caliphs, the Mu'tazilites, the Ahl al-Hadith, Zaidiyya, Waqfis, and Ghalians and to eliminate the damages they caused. The decoding of theses motifs show that the motifs imply success can only be achieved with the help of God and trust in him along with planning and effort because his power and will are infinite, and all essence and power come from him and subdue him.

Understanding the Divine Throne is one of the most important theological issues explained in many of hadiths. One of the most reliable of these hadiths has been narrated by Abu Qarah al-Muhaddith from Imam Reza (AS). Some thinkers have introduced the Devine Throne as transcendental and believe it belongs to the world of abstractions, yet others have regarded it worldly. The present article is based on text analysis and descriptive-analytical method. The study addresses the theological analysis of Abu Qara's narration of the eighth Imam (AS) in order to explain the meaning of the Throne by carefully examining the narrations by the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) with a focus on Imam Reza’s (AS) words as they are effective in explaining the divinity. The result of the study of the above hadith shows that the Divine Throne is not an object and has an independent truth, one that belongs to unseen truths and the world of abstractions. What is meant by the truth of the Throne is divine providence, management, lordship, and authority..

The methodical understanding of a hadith has always been noted by Muslim scholars. Because of its importance in the Muslim thought system, the hadith has always been subject to careful consideration. Understanding of a hadith begins with understanding the meaning of the text and ends in achieving what is implied. The difficulties in understanding a hadith pose an obstacle in achieving the speaker's intention. Theological beliefs play an important role in dealing with a hadith, including extraction, understanding, and criticizing the hadith, and carrying out alterations in its text. One of the damages to understanding a hadith is alterations made to it, a significant form of which is The Companions’ justice. This article addresses this issue, which has not been dealt with in the literature. By using the descriptive-analytical method, the study found the following influential elements in this respect: ambiguity, lack of clarification, narration of the hadith with the removal of the evidence, abridging the hadith and elimination of the hadith.

Burqae (1993-1908) is a clergies and one of the Quranists roundly criticizing Shia and Shia beliefs. Burqae does not belives in (Shia) Imamate, Al-Ghaib discussions, and the knowledge of Ahl al-Bayt (AS). This study is a descriptive-analytical one and follows library research. The results show that Burqa's views about the Al-Ghaib of Ahl al-Bayt are far from correct. He refers to some verses and narrations that negate Al-Ghaib but ignores the verses and traditions that prove it. He posits that the old thinkers of Shia deny Al-Ghaib, yet there are narrations from the very thinkers indicating Al-Ghaib of the Ahl al-Bayt. He denies that the knowledge of Ahl al-Bayt is gifted, inherited, and divine, while commentators and traditions confirm it. He denies the Al-Ghaib of the Ahl al-Bayt based to the fact that is not public while there are many examples indicating that it is common and public. Finally, it is concluded that Burqae's opinion about the prophet’s and Ahl al-Bay’s Al-Ghaib is not correct.

One of the most fundamental issues that has long been disputed by Islamic theologians is the guardianship of Amirul Momineen in succession to the Prophet (PBUH). The Sunnis of the Islamic Ummah, especially Qortubi, a great popular scholar, emphasizes the unprovable Imamate of Amir al-Mu'min in documents on the guardianship of Imam Ali and especially doubts raised against the Hadith of Position. Following a documentary and analytical approach, relying on rational and narrative debates, and using the necessity rule, the present article attempts to deeply examine the claims by Ahl al-Jamah and Qurtubi regarding the fallibility of The Hadith of Position regarding the guardianship of the Amir al-Mu'minin. The findings indicate that based on resolution of doubts regarding the Hadith of Position, the caliphate and the succession of Imam Ali are absolutely proven both during the Prophet's life and thereafter. The first step in the resolution of doubts was referring to the confirmations by popular elders and using their reliable sources, which indicated authenticity of The Hadith of Position for the imamate of Amir al-Mu'minin. The second step was a detailed study of the documents presented by reliable public sources and figures, which indicated infallibility of the hadith, thus, showing the all-inclusive guardianship of Amir al-Mu'min. The third step was rejecting Qurtubi's documentary doubts, which showed the strength of The Hadith of Position on guardianship of Amir al-Mu'minin over the public.