مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 685 (هفته اول آبان 1401)

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health problem worldwide, causing millions of deaths annually. It is estimated that one-third of the world population is infected with latent TB. Drug-resistant TB is considered a major and growing global threat. In this study, we aimed to indicate the drug-susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients, presented to Mollahadi Sabzevari Tuberculosis Center in Isfahan, Iran to the first-line drugs.

In this study, Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from 438 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis referred to the Regional Reference Laboratory of tuberculosis in Isfahan province during 2017-2019, 33 resistant isolates were studied. Drug susceptibility testing to first-line drugs was performed by proportion method, and the H37Rv reference strain sensitive to all drugs was used for quality control.

Out of 438 isolates, 20 isolates (37.7%) were drug-sensitive and 33 isolates (62.3%) were resistant to the first-line drug by phenotypic method, which was isoniazid (INH) 22 isolates (66.7%), rifampin (RIF) 18 isolates (54.5%), ethambutol (EMB) 4 isolates (12.1%) and pyrazinamide (PZA) 5 isolates (15.2%) respectively. Also, 10 isolates (30.3%) were multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).

The pattern of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is different in each region and in the Isfahan region due to the increasing drug resistance of tuberculosis. Further research is needed to determine the drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) leads to the initiation of several pathways, including oxidative stress and destruction of small vessels, as well as the destruction of factors involved in the SR network of muscle. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of the high intensity interval training on the expression of genes involved in calcium flow in the EDL muscle of diabetic rats.

The current research was experimental development study. In total, 48 male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: training diabetes, diabetes, training and control group. The training group performed the interval training program for 4 weeks and 5 sessions per week. Each training session on the treadmill lasted for 44 minutes. The statistical test of two-way variance (two-way ANOVA) was used for analyzing the data.

High intensity interval training led to a non-significant decrease in Stim1 gene expression. And there was a significant decrease in the expression of Orai and MG29 genes in the long extensor digitorum muscle of male rats.

It is possible HIIT training is able to modulate the expression disorder of Orai, MG29, and Stim1 in diabetes, which may be due to various mechanisms such as controlling oxidative stress factors and growth factors. It seems it exerts its beneficial effects on the Side-effects of diabetes.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of exposure to sunlight and Home-Based Pilates Training on vitamin D levels, resilience and sleep quality in women with multiple sclerosis.

On total, 44 people with MS with a disease severity ranging from two to five between the ages 25 to 40 years were purposefully selected and randomly divided into three groups of home-based pilates training (n = 15), outdoor pilates training (n = 15), and control (n = 14). The training program consisted of three sessions per week for a period of eight weeks, consisting of two parts, home-based pilates training and outdoor pilates training. For the exercise in an open outdoor setting, the subjects performed an exercise program between 8:00 AM and 10:00 AM. The training program was performed using the DVD that was provided to them. Resilience, sleep quality and serum vitamin D indices of patients with MS were measured before and after eight weeks of Outdoor and Home-Based Pilates Training. To analyze the data, analysis of covariance and Banferroni post hoc test were used.

Comparing the results in two stages showed that there was a significant difference between resilience, sleep quality and serum vitamin D indices of women with multiple sclerosis (MS) in the study groups (P ≤ 0.05).

The results indicate that people with MS can improve their vitamin D levels and psychological indicators by using Pilates exercises outdoors and at home at lower costs.