Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences
Volume:14 Issue: 4, Oct 2022

Breast cancer patients experience physical and emotional distress due to their diagnosis and treatment of their disease.

This study aimed to assess the quality of life (QOL), social support and coping strategies, illness adjustment among breast cancer patients, and the type of breast surgery.

We conducted a cross-sectional study at hospitals in Zahedan, Iran, in 2020. We recruited 120 patients with breast cancer by census method. Data collection tools were the breast cancer-specific module (QLQ-BR 23), The adjustment to illness measurement inventory for Iranian women with breast cancer (AIMI-IBC), and the multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS) questionnaires. We performed the statistical analysis in SPSS software version 19.0.

The mean age of patients in this survey was 47.35 ± 10.67 years. 53.3% of patients underwent a mastectomy, 34.2% had a lumpectomy, and 12.5% of patients had not been surgery. Patients on the functioning scale reported high scores for body image (78.61 ± 26.69) and future perspective (55.27 ± 26.71). Patients on the symptom scale had a high score upset by hair loss (49.16 ± 38.88). Also, the mean score of total social support was 45.71 ± 9.92. in addition, they used the reasonable efforts coping strategy (4.07 ± 0.35), and the mean score of illness adjustment was 150.91 ± 16.29.

The results of this study indicated that breast cancer patients received a high social support level, especially from family members, and had a high degree of adjustment to their illness. Also, patients were more upset about their hair loss and body image. Therefore, early disease detection can improve breast cancer women's quality of life and disease adaptation.

 The increase in port activities, the establishment of numerous contracting companies in the Chabahar port environment in Chabahar, Iran, and the variety of jobs and port equipment have exposed the active labor force to several risks.

 This study attempted to identify and prioritize the environment, health, and safety (EHS) risks of each of these activities in the unloading and loading operations of goods in this port.

 This was an applied descriptive-survey study. Eighty-three managers, EHS experts, port and maritime affairs, experts of unloading and loading companies, and transportation companies of Chabahar port were involved in this study. According to the research background, 26 risks were identified and classified by port and marine experts with more than 10 years of experience under three groups, namely environment (7 risks), health (9 risks), and safety (10 risks). The risks were categorized in terms of severity, probability of occurrence, probability of discovery, and amount of financial loss. Shannon’s entropy technique was used to prioritize the risks.

 In the safety group, the risk of explosion and fire of equipment, with a weighted score of 0.206, was the most important, and the risk of damage to pier equipment, with a weighted score of 0.02, was the least important. In the health group, the risk of working in abnormal air temperature, with a weighted score of 0.211, was the most important, and the risk of ergonomic cases, with a weighted score of 0.031, was the least important. In the environment group, the risk of waste management, with a weighted score of 0.241, was the most important, and changes in terrestrial and aquatic habitats and biodiversity, with a weighted score of 0.037, were identified as the least important risks.

 Unloading and loading operations in Chabahar port are more exposed to safety risks, and further focus should be placed on the safety dimension than the other two dimensions because, in the event of safety risks, there is a possibility of losing manpower.

 Since the end of 2019, the emergence and spread of the Covid-19 pandemic has been raised as one of the challenges and problems of humanity in various dimensions, especially in the health sector. Due to the disease's high infectivity, controlling and breaking the chain of infection is especially important for vulnerable groups. Therefore, the present study was conducted to identify and evaluate Covid-19 control strategies in schools in Kashan.

 The present study is descriptive-analytical, using strategic management tools called strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) and a quantitative strategic planning model (QSPM) of the situation of schools during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2021.

 The findings from the SWOT matrix show the existence of 10 opportunities, 11 weaknesses, ten threats, and 14 strengths in the studied schools. The score of 2.45 obtained from the total scores of the internal factor analysis matrix indicates that existing weaknesses prevail over the schools' strengths in the disease control management field. Also, the score of 2.515 obtained from the analysis matrix of external factors shows that this institution has more favorable opportunities to reduce external threats and internal weaknesses.

 Based on these findings, the final solution for implementing the methods of controlling the disease of COVID-19 in Kashan schools is a conservative strategy. Therefore, the implementation of the presented strategies, especially the implementation of related educational guidelines, is necessary to control Covid-19.

 The recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic is the worst crisis since World War 2. Because no successful cure for this disease has been reported, efforts to improve knowledge, perspective, and performance in vulnerable groups, such as heart disease patients, are very important for managing this epidemic.

 The present study was conducted to determine the effect of e-learning on COVID-19-related knowledge, attitude, and performance in heart disease patients.

 This was a quasi-experimental before and after study without a control group, which was conducted on 80 patients in Lorestan Heart Center (Shahid Madani Hospital, Khorramabad,) selected by random sampling method. The intervention included 10 15-minute educational sessions in 4 weeks, about COVID-19 prevention programs, such as general knowledge about COVID-19, disinfection methods, using facemasks and gloves, the correct way of washing hands, prescribed medication, and nutritional recommendations. Data collection tools were a demographic information questionnaire, a knowledge evaluation questionnaire, and a COVID-19-related performance questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26 software by descriptive and statistical methods and paired t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA).

 The patients’ mean age was 55.22 ± 11.05 years. The mean knowledge of patients before the educational intervention was 13.25, and after the intervention was 17.42, and a significant statistical difference was observed (P = 0.00). Also, the patients’ mean attitude and practice before the intervention were 38.32 and 11.79, respectively, and reached 40.90 and 13.51 after the intervention, and a meaningful statistical difference was observed (P = 0.00).

 E-learning improves COVID-19-related knowledge, perspective, and practice in patients with heart disease. We suggest that some nurses should be educated in this area and, using the right equipment, vastly perform E-learning for groups susceptible to COVID-19.

Context:

 In order to succeed in reducing the prevalence and treatment of preventable diseases through vaccines, immunization programs should be accompanied by the national vaccination process.

 The present study was conducted to evaluate the psychological factors determining resistance to the injection of the COVID-19 vaccine.
Data Sources: In this systematic review study, the keywords resistance, hesitancy, epidemic, vaccine, psychological determinants, anxiety, and stress in the titles and abstracts of articles published in 2020 (June) and 2022 (May) in reputable international scientific databases such as Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and ISI were searched.

 Studies have shown that women of young age, low education, people with conspiratorial and paranoid thoughts, poor cognitive processing and decision-making, and people with depression, fear, and anxiety were highly resistant to the COVID-19 vaccine. In contrast, vaccine safety and efficacy levels, confidence, collective responsibility, and media literacy were associated with accepting the COVID-19 vaccine.

 According to studies, a significant number of people around the world are resistant to the vaccine. Since psychological factors such as anxiety, fear, and paranoid thoughts play an important role in people's resistance to the COVID-19 vaccine, improving health literacy and psychological health is essential.