نشریه دولت پژوهی ایران معاصر
سال هشتم شماره 2 (تابستان 1401)

One of the most mysterious aspects of the history of the war is the issue of the acceptance of Resolution 598, which after more than three decades, we are still faced with the paucity of solid and analytical works in this regard. According to the Imam, the decision to accept the resolution was based on a series of "incidents and factors" that have been postponed to the future for research analysis, and it seems that now is the time to decipher this historical decision. Recognizing the macro political decision-making process will be effective in preventing the repetition of some difficult and sometimes bitter decisions.The consensus of high-ranking political and military officials is one of the matters that played a decisive role in the process of decision-making and the initial change of the Imam's opinion, at two decisive historical moments after the conquest of Khorramshahr and the acceptance of the resolution, and in a way, it included the Islamic and intellectual justification for the Imam's final decision. Is. The question is, what happened during the short tenure of the Deputy Commander of the General Forces between June 2, 1988 and July 18, 1988, that made the Imam reconsider his decisive decision to end the war?So far, politicians and analysts have proposed various possibilities regarding the reasons for the adoption of the resolution, including the direct entry of the United States into the war, lack of liquidity, the imbalance of strategic weapons, the change in the officials' beliefs regarding the importance and priority of the war, and people's discouragement from participating in the war. Front and other factors pointed out that in this article, the negation of these factors will be discussed as the main reason for accepting the resolution.This research is among the causal researches and it was done with descriptive analytical approach and its data was collected by library method. In this article, based on historical documents and evidence, while re-examining the role of consensus-building factors to impose the poison cup, some contexts and social political roots of the Imam's decision to accept the resolution have been re-read and examined. The field of governance has abandoned its initial view of the continuation of the war until the regrettable defeat of the Baathist regime, and with the consensus of the political and military trustees, it has recognized the interest of the people and the Islamic system in accepting the resolution.

This article uses analytical-descriptive method and secondary data from; The World Bank, the Ministry of Energy, the Department of Jihad for Agriculture, the US Information System, the BP Statistical Report, and the Energy Balance has examined the state of Iran's environment using Ulrich Beck's "Society in Danger" theory. The subject of the environment is a complex system influenced by many variables that are unpredictable at different times and places. The unpredictability and complexity of environmental issues become even more important when linked to interests, security, power and politics. Thus, the technical solution in policy-making cannot reduce the risk posed by the environment to society, as Ulrich Beck's theory shows that the environment is a social and political issue whose social dimensions are of great importance. Thus, the research findings in response to the question of what is the level of risk in Iran's environment and what effect does it have on government efficiency? It shows well that Iran's environment is complex, multidimensional and high risk. In this way, the environment is closely related to politics in general and to the efficiency of the government in particular, and the lack of active governance in this area can affect the efficiency of the government.

In order to realize the new Islamic civilization, the necessary capacities must be comprehensively created and measures must be taken to meet the challenges. In this way, the strategic components of the statement of the second step of the revolution can be effective. This study has been done by reflecting on the strategic components of the second step of the revolution and using library resources and descriptive-analytical method. In response to the question that the role of strategic components of the second step of the revolution in achieving a new Islamic civilization: What are the challenges and opportunities ahead? And what is the mission of governments in mapping strategic components? It was hypothesized that the strategic components derived from the declaration of the second step of the revolution, including political independence and attention to the people; Spirituality and ethics; Economic independence and privatization; Science and education; Justice and the fight against corruption; The Islamic way of life is the most appropriate path to follow the path of modern Islamic civilization, and governments, while differing in their plans and policies, must emphasize these principles. Paying attention to opportunities can accelerate the building of civilization, and at the same time, not paying attention to the existing challenges and limitations can make the path of development and progress and finally reaching a new Islamic civilization difficult and even impossible.

According to the Imams of the Islamic Revolution, the realization of the Islamic government is a necessary condition for achieving Islamic civilization, and it is clear that the main pillar of the Islamic government; The successors are the rulers and managers of the government in the sense that the Islamic government will not be established until the conditions are created for the training of rulers and managers in the Islamic society; They have one or more moral education orders next to each government order; In this article, an attempt has been made to explain the educational principles of Islamic governance from the perspective of Nahj al-Balaghah in the form of three basic cognitive skills, behavioral skills and spiritual skills According to the Imams of the Islamic Revolution, the realization of the Islamic government is a necessary condition for achieving Islamic civilization, and it is clear that the main pillar of the Islamic government

Socialization is one of the five stages of the Islamic Revolution process, The main purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics and factors affecting jihadist socialization in the second step of the Islamic Revolution, the thoughts and statements of the Supreme Leader are the most important source of research, the main method of research is content analysis. In addition to content analysis, we have used the historical method for empirical study of the first step. In the theoretical part, after examining the situation of the modern nation-state and its challenges in the current situation of the world, we dealt with theories specific to the nation-state of Iran. We criticized the ideas of thinkers such as Katozian, Abrahamian, Tabatabai and Ashraf. The point of commonality and the main critique of their theories is the commonality of the Orientalist approach. An approach that bases the historical study of Iran on the history and the path taken by Europe and the West. In order to reach the theoretical-conceptual framework of jihadi socialization, we extracted the basic values of the second step from the statement of the second step. The values of justice and the fight against corruption; Independence and freedom are the core values of the second step. Factors to achieve these values are also committed human resources; It is a resistance economy and science and research. In the experimental study of the factors in the first step, we addressed the issues and harms of these factors.

The government's involvement in various affairs is one of the topics that has always been the focus of planners, thinkers and even people, and each of them has investigated it from different angles. The main goal of this research is the actions and policies of the government to establish economic justice in the society, for the implementation of which it is necessary to focus all its duties and policies in order to realize this issue. This will not be achieved alone unless the people support them as the main supporters of the Islamic society. Therefore, we are trying to analyze the most important actions of the government in this regard with the descriptive-analytical method and with the help of Quranic, narrative, historical, etc. reasons, which are: 1- Provision of economic and livelihood needs in order to eliminate poverty. 2- Consumption control in order to achieve public welfare, 3- Taxes and government support for producers. 4- The participation of the government and the nation in spirituality and ethics... the results of the research showed that the government's policies have been able to improve or weaken economic justice. Islamic society and proper planning have discovered the extent of these effects to lead to the improvement of the economic system.