نشریه امنیت انتظامی دریایی
پیاپی 48 (بهار 1401)

 the interweaving of social relations affected by mutual needs in the global arena and the increasing growth of information and communication technology and the formation of new forms of macro-communities that break traditional boundaries on the one hand, as well as the formation of new businesses with currencies Digital, on the other hand, creates the basis for the emergence of crimes in the global arena by transnational organized groups in such a way that due to the existence of criminal organizations in different countries, governments are unable to follow up and deal with organized crimes. This issue makes the position of the international police sensitive. has become more and more important. The aspect of transnationality and organization of crimes provided the ground for countries to come to the conclusion that they should actively enter the issue. The components of being organized along with being transnational and the occurrence of new crimes made any action difficult until the determination of the international community found its place in facing the issue. From the opportunities obtained from globalization and the ease of international communication and the removal of borders, criminal gangs have expanded their role and power beyond the borders and not only threaten a society and nation, but also endanger global security. In this essay, the researcher tries to investigate and analyze the role of Interpol in the fight against transnational organized crimes.

 The current research was conducted in terms of its practical purpose and information collection by library method and the obtained information was analyzed by descriptive analysis method. Therefore, considering that the resulting information has been collected using library tools, it has been extracted from books, articles, internet sources and other reliable research sources and within the framework of international laws and regulations, so that the role of the international police to be identified in the fight against transnational organized crime.

 With the increase in the level of interdependence and dependence of countries on each other, the ground for the gradual elimination of traditional geographical borders provided as a result of the extent and complexity of relations, organized criminal groups with the aim of escaping from the clutches of the law, their activities are carried out by multinational teams. In several countries, they establish, design and implement, the increase in the level of committing transnational crimes and the high levels of its influence at the transnational level have caused the concern of the international community, so that global determination in the form of international law, documents and judicial decisions has emerged and established and Legislative, judicial and executive organizations have been formed around the issue and it is the concrete crystallization of the international determination of the international police, which is joined by almost all countries of the world and today plays a very important and valuable role in the field of dealing with transnational organized crimes. The international police, as the executive element of the follow-up and prosecution of organized crimes at the global level, will make the foci of the formation of transnational crimes insecure and create a foundation for global peace and security.

 The issue of security, durability and stability is one of the most used and complex issues, which is interested and studied by people and thinkers in various scientific fields. Philosophers, lawyers, psychologists and sociologists, doctors, biologists and national and urban planners and the like at the national and international levels and dimensions continue to address and care about this issue. In addition, from the point of view of Shariah sources and Quranic teachings and narration, the category of security and its criteria have been thoroughly and comprehensively studied and introduced. In general, security and its basis, i.e. order, refers to a state where an individual or society is far from any actual or potential danger and damage and can continue their life in peace. In such a situation, the individual and the society neither see themselves in danger nor feel danger. In this thesis, the researcher tries to analyze, discuss and examine the requirements and components of sustainable security in universities and higher education centers and provide a suitable model.

 The current research was conducted in terms of its practical purpose and information collection by library method and the obtained information was analyzed by descriptive analysis method. Therefore, considering that the resulting information has been collected using library tools, it has been extracted from books, articles, internet sources and other reliable research sources and in the framework of international laws and regulations in the form of a plug-in to meet the requirements and components of sustainable security. Discuss in universities and higher education centers.

 One of the important parts of the society, universities and scientific centers are considered as productive institutions that not only need a safe and calm environment, but also can be effective and solve problems within the framework of the overall security of the society. be many Of course, this security is stable and durable when it is comprehensive and comprehensive; It means that it is not only based on the standard and complete infrastructure, but also focuses on all its dimensions and accessories. Considering the set of threats that the organized and original elements of universities and scientific centers are justified by, fundamental and macro-planning in various formats and forms and emanating from security indicators in conventional and transcendental societies is necessary and inevitable. Naturally, one of the main programs is to build the beliefs and values ​​of influential and intervening elements in universities and scientific institutions and continuous and targeted monitoring of it, which can keep the atmosphere of universities and scientific environments away from many serious threats and disorders. To help the ability of these centers in the path of comprehensive development of the society.

 Piracy is one of the crimes with a history in the field of the seas, which has affected maritime trade for many years, and today, with the expansion of communication between communities and the increase in the level of interaction in meeting needs through the exchange of manufactured products through the sea. It has become more important to the extent that the occurrence of maritime insecurity in various forms, especially piracy, can face the world community with a serious challenge to peace and security. In this research, the researcher tries to examine the effects of piracy on world security and peace with emphasis on international documents and evaluate the trends and approaches related to this phenomenon.

 In this research, the researcher tries to analyze the crime of piracy by using the written sources of the library and articles written by researchers and international organizations, as well as examining the international documents related to the subject, while analyzing the crime of piracy. to evaluate the resulting effects on global peace and security from the perspective of international documents.

 Research findings indicate that the phenomenon of piracy based on criminology is inevitable and occurs under the influence of various causes in various conditions and is affected by the level of solidarity of societies to each other in providing basic needs. The phenomenon can have many effects on global peace and security in various fields and as a result of several factors including; The lack of determination of the international community to fight against piracy, the failure to provide global maritime security as a result of the lack of sustainable maritime development, the geographical dispersion of the occurrences, impunity due to the ineffectiveness of international documents, and the inefficiency of international policies and internal laws of coastal countries. It can disrupt maritime trade and as a result human, economic, health, food and energy security and make the world order face a serious challenge which disturbs the security and peace of the world.

 The use of the seas and in a narrower sense of the oceans has always been the concern of governments in the economic, scientific, military and strategic fields throughout history, and this importance has been increased in the present era. The law of the seas is a part of the rules of customary law that have been gradually compiled later. The third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea, which successfully adopted the Convention on the Law of the Sea in 1982, has a special importance in the development of the law of the sea. The sources of the law of the seas include customary international treaties, general principles of law, rules governing unilateral legal actions, doctrine, judicial procedure and international arbitration. One of the most important sources of the law of sea waters is the procedures of the International Court of Justice, the International Court of Law of the Sea, because while citing the treaties related to the seas and their progressive change, they bring to the fore the creation of the customary rules of the seas as well as the expression of the existing customary rules of the seas. 

 The current research, which is written with an analytical-descriptive method, seeks to answer these important questions: how do the International Court of Justice and the International Court of Law of the Sea get help in solving international disputes from the law of the sea? And to what extent can the law of the seas be a solution to international disputes?

 The purpose of the current research, which is focused on the impact of the law of the sea on the fundamental structure of international dispute settlement rituals and on the extent of these laws in issuing the opinions of the International Court of Justice and the International Court of Law of the Sea, expresses this finding. May the law of the seas not have much effect on the decisions issued by the International Court of Justice. Another thing is that due to the shortcomings and gaps in this field, it cannot be the answer to solving international disputes. It seems that the law of the seas can be a guide in issuing the opinions of international organizations through the provision of solutions and legal rules accepted by countries.

 Affected by the industrialization of societies and industrial competition in the world, the environment has been attacked along with human destruction in such a way that today, unfortunately, the environment is considered a function of development in industry and the diversity of human needs with the disruption of order. environmental and even non-environmental damages have been associated. Environmental crimes in various forms are an example of disturbing the balance of the relationship between man and nature, where humans are on the path of destroying nature with the aim of seeking a share and gaining more profit. Marine oil pollution is one of the most common environmental damages, which due to the type of pollution and the level of stability, sometimes leads to irreparable damage to the human environment, and the main source that can cause pollution in the seas is oil spills. The international community has shown various reactions in the form of drafting laws, conventions and international documents in facing the issue. With this explanation, the researcher in this essay tries to analyze the dimensions of governments' responsibility in relation to the compensation of damages caused by marine oil pollution, and examines the issue from the perspective of laws, documents and opinions of international courts, and in the shadow of this goal To questions such as what governments are responsible for marine pollution caused by petroleum products? And what is the reaction of international laws and documents in relation to marine pollution? And how effective have the global community's measures been?

 This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. In this research, to deal with the issue and answer the question, it is used to collect information with the library method and by using the sources, as well as using news sites and specialized articles.

 The studies conducted on marine oil pollution cases at the international level observe that despite the effects of harmful environmental and non-environmental damages, it is still under the shadow of conflict of interests, lack of benefit, lack of loss. The direct relationship between the coastal governments and the flag owner in the international environment has not been able to protect the marine environment from the dangers of oil pollution in the shadow of the international responsibility of the governments, and this approach shows the inefficiency of the civil liability system in preventing, reducing and confronting pollution. It is a sea, according to the extensive examples of oil pollution in international waters and the sometimes irreparable damage to the marine environment and the negative economic effects of oil pollution in the seas, all confirm the need to resort to an efficient judicial structure, a dynamic criminal liability system and the creation of a guarantee of executions. strong in the international system, especially in relation to the open sea, which is the real loss of "humanity". International law has not yet reached the level of progress that a government can file a lawsuit on behalf of the interests of humanity. But it seems that if the act of pollution by countries is a violation of one of the provisions mentioned in the Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982) or other laws and regulations or international custom, any country can refer to Article 48 of the international responsibility of the government. to initiate a claim for oil pollution compensation in the Azad Sea.

 One of the most important principles governing the consolidation of Islamic-Iranian identity dimensions in countries such as the Islamic Republic of Iran, which have different ethnic and religious subcultures, is to achieve national cohesion and unity within the society. On the other hand, establishing a strong relationship between national identity and Islamic identity, which leads to the promotion of national identity components such as national heritage, language, culture and the deepening of Islamic values ​​and teachings at the level of society, is one of the basic principles of preserving independence in It is the level of society. In some areas, this identity is formed unconsciously and in the context of society, but in most cases it is formed in the form of special socialization and education programs. Basically, national identity is the foundation of all identities in society, and the formation of other identity dimensions will be influenced by national identity.In the current research, the main question is whether the adherence to the values ​​governing the Islamic-Iranian identity of the ethnic groups is effective in improving the level of national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran? Iranian-Islamic nations are on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

 This research was carried out using an analytical-inferential method, and while analyzing the dimensions and components of Islamic identity, it describes the effect of these dimensions on the cohesion and strengthening of national unity in the geographical area of ​​the Islamic Republic of Iran.

 The results of this research indicate that in societies like the Islamic Republic of Iran, which has diverse and pluralistic ethnicities and religions, an identity will be effective whose national attribute includes all national, ethnic, and religious identities. , cultural and while respecting the plurality of ethnic groups at the level of the society, to take advantage of this plurality in order to improve the level of national security. Whenever the rulers of this region have insisted on consolidating the components of Iranian and Islamic identity, the foundations of national cohesion and solidarity have been stronger and more stable.