نشریه پژوهش های معناشناختی متون ادبی
پیاپی 1 (بهار 1402)

In new studies in the field of cognition, the limitation of metaphor to the field of literature and rhetoric is eliminated, and metaphor is a cognitive phenomenon that is a diagram of how to construct abstract categories in the human mind. This cognitive phenomenon also occurs subconsciously in the language of ordinary human beings in everyday language, however, in the language of poetry there are differences in the expression of mental categories; Therefore, in the light of cognitive theories, the type of literary thought and insight can be obtained by analyzing literary texts. The language of poetry is the manifestation of romantic concepts. The poetry of the pre-Islamic period is important in Arabic literature and does not seem to be an exception to this rule. This article examines the concept of the field of "love" in the poetry of Antar Bin Shaddad with the cognitive approach of Likaf and Johnson (1980). From his poems, concepts that evoke love are extracted and analyzed. The results show that the conceptual metaphors of Antara in the field of love are influenced by the life of the pre-Islamic period and his personal life. His poems are moving love, what is the object of love, love is pleasurable, love is fire, love is murderer, love is destruction and humiliation, love is captivity. Regarding separation and distance, we also see metaphors of the sorrow of illness and the carpenter of healing, the parting is the killer, the carpenter of heaven, the carpenter of hell, we are.

The present research concern to the analysis of conceptual metaphor of love and relevant semantic clusters in the Saeb Tbrizi’s sonnets. Theoretical foundations of the research are based on the “conceptual metaphor theory” of Lakoff and Johnson. The theorical basis of the research is the conceptional cognitive theory of Lakoff and Johnson’s metaphor in which contrary to the traditional approach metaphor not only has an aesthetic role but it also is a cognitive tool for understanding the outhor’s worldview and thinking. The utilized method in this research is a combined descriptive-analytic method for assigning canonical metaphors of love in the sonnets of Saaeb. Structural relations between metaphor and mind of the Saaeb have been analyzed. 250 odes and more than 2495 couplet of the Saeb have been surveyed for categorizing of the metaphors. In 289 couplet, the word “love” and its relevant conceptual clusters are used. This emphasis that the poet is affected by a variety of source domains for declaration of love features. Most practical of these source domains are fire, pain and suffer, illness and personification. Therefore, in mind of Saeb, some features of love such as pain, power, destroying, hardness and awareness are more important comparing to the others features.

Applied Linguistics is one of the important theoretical approaches in linguistics in which the social and contextual roles of language are emphasized. In this approach, the systematic order developed by Michael Halliday and Ruqiyeh Hassan examines textual coherence and its formation factors, among which "reference" has an important position. Based on role-oriented linguistics, this research tries to analyze the reference and its frequency measurement in the prayers (2, 21, 25, 37, 50 and 52) of Sahifeh Sajjadiyeh to show the beauty of the cohesive element of reference in the words of Imam Sajjad (AS) for the audience. be turned on By examining and analyzing these six supplications, it was determined that Imam Sajjad (a.s.) has expressed the moral values and Islamic teachings in the form of consistent interpretations and words with his unique power of eloquence and eloquence and his superior divine thought. The sentences of Sahifeh Sajjadiyeh are connected to each other by these references, and in the shade of existing references, the text has become coherent. Many tools of textual cohesion, especially references, have an active and impressive presence in this religious and prayer text and have made the text structure of Sahifeh Sajjadiyeh scripture connected, united, smooth, fluid, coherent and integrated. This continuity and harmony resulting from the elements of cohesion has caused the impact, attractiveness and durability of this text.

semantic values of these words has of a great importance. Knowledge over Quran’s words semantic property is one of knowledge which studies Qurans meaning within the syntactic structure and helps to uncover Quran’s meaning. Uncovering the hidden meanings of Quran’s words is one of the most confidential and strongest ways to explain Quran’s verses. In fact, Quran’s semantics has been one of researchers’ preoccupations from the earliest decades.One of the words in Quran which has been used with different meanings is “Ghaza”. Since the Quran’s semantic study is one of the issues which have not paid attention to in other studies, in this study, the word “Ghaza” has been investigated for this purpose. Concerning Quran’s syntactic structure, this word is closely linked with other religious concepts semantically, while it keeps its own lexical and idiomatic properties. In this study, the semantic analysis of this word showed that historical entries of the word “Ghaza” and its various meanings such as advice, call for, carry out, end, separate, etc. carry out the same semantic property of their own original meaning “end”. Considering Quran’s semantic structure, the study tried to investigate the different meanings of this word and its different semantic properties.One of the words in Quran which has been used with different meanings is “Ghaza”. Since the Quran’s semantic study is one of the issues which have not paid attention to in other studies, in this study, the word “Ghaza” has been investigated for this purpose. Concerning Quran’s syntactic structure, this word is closely linked with other religious concepts semantically, while it keeps its own lexical and idiomatic properties.

(lexical units) has been proposed in some theories of Western linguistics. This theory is a logical and realal units) has been proposed in some theories of Western linguistics. This theory is a logical and real solution to many challenges that language teaching professors face. This research aims to provide a suitable solution and an easy method for learning Arabic conversation, using the famous theory of Meaning–text theory and relying on lexical units (LEXEME). This theory was first proposed by Igor Malchuk. He was able to largely overcome the big obstacle called (word) and point to the concept (meaning-text). Based on this research, the concept of semantic units (LEXEME) is very effective in learning and teaching conversation in Arabic. This can be accomplished through the learner's mastery of the smallest semantic components and the recognition of current meanings in the composition of sentences. By presenting this approach and the lexical-grammatical nuances of the Arabic language, while solving the challenge related to the existence of multiple meanings related to a single verb, we get to know the semantic implications of the basic sentences in the Arabic language.cognition of current meanings in the composition of sentences. By presenting this approach and the lexical-grammatical nuances of the Arabic language, whilal units) has been proposed in some theories of Western linguistics. This theory is a logical and real solution to many challenges that language teaching professors face. This research aims to provide a suitable solution and an easy method for learning Arabic conversation, using the famous theory of Meaning–text theory and relying on lexical units (LEXEME). This theory was first proposed by Igor Malchuk. He was able to largely overcome the big obstacle called (word) and point to the concept (meaning-text). Based on this research, the concept of semantic units (LEXEME) is very effective in learning and teaching conversation in Arabic. This can be accomplished through the learner's masterycognition of currenlearning Arabic conversation, using the famous theory of Meaning–text theory and relying on lexical units (LEXEME). This theory was first proposed by Igor Malchuk. He was able to largely overcome the big obstacle called (word) and point to the concept (meaning-text). Based on this research, the concept of semantic units (LEXEME) is very effective in learning and teaching conversation in Arabic. This can be accomplished through the learner's mastery of the smallest semantic components and the recognition of current meanings in the composition of sentences. By presenting this approach and the lexical-grammatical nuances of the Arabic language, while solving the challenge related to the existence of multiple meanings related to a single verb, we get to know the semantic implications of the basic sentences in the Arabic language.cognition of current meanings in the composition of sentences. By presenting this approach and the lexical-grammatical nuances of the Arabic language, while solving the challenge related to the existence of multiple meanings related

One of the points which should be received attention in the translation of literary texts is the function of expressive and rhetorical nuances; these nuances both have an influence upon the readers on the one hand, and create the sonority of the meaning. On the other hand. Since literary writers pursue purposes by making use of the literary language, the nuances of the source text should be taken into account in the translation of the texts alongside adhering to translation principles and choosing the appropriate way of expression with respect to the target language. As a text, the Noble Quran includes the expressive devices in a pleasant and purposeful way. Irony is one of the most delicate rhetorical devices, which has a significant presence in many Quranic verses. By doing so, the readers can enjoy the beauty of the verses, while the verses themselves can have a more profound influence over the readers, too. In this study, the performance of the translators of the ironic verses of the 30thjuzʼof the Quran is investigated, and after that, the capability of each translator in comprehending the ironic meaning and transferring it into the target language is assessed. A brief look at the translations of the Quran demonstrates that their translators have not found the correct ironic meaning of the verses, and have used either a literal translation, and/ or the Arabic verses, hence making their works more like semantic translations. Therefore, no translation can be selected as the one having provided correct translations for all the verses discussed in this study. In fact, the translators have translated the ironic verses in a roughly similar way, neglecting the ironic aspects of the verses from time to time, and using the primary meaning of the words instead