نشریه کاربرد شیمی در محیط زیست
پیاپی 49 (بهار 1401)

An experiment was conducted in 1401 in the lands of Andzaq village, Meshgin Shahr city, located in Ardabil province. Application of vermicompost: at two levels of zero (V0) and 5 tons per hectare as soil application before planting (V1), application of growth promoting bacteria (PGRP) as inoculation with seeds, at 2 levels: inoculation with a mixture of 2 Azospirillium and Azotobacter bacteria (F1) and without inoculation (F0), - Nitrogen from urea source: in 3 levels zero (N0) and 50 (N50) and 100 kg/ha (N100) in pure form. The results showed that the combined use of vermicompost and inoculum has a synergistic effect and growth-promoting bacteria with vermicompost can work in a better environment and substrate and can fix nitrogen. So that the effect of vermicompost in improving the percentage of essential oil in different levels of nitrogen varies from 15% in N0 to 3% in N50 and up to 10% in N100. The effect of using different levels of nitrogen on the yield of essential oil was very significant, so that the use of 100 kg of nitrogen was about 79% effective on the yield of essential oil, and the use of 50 kg of nitrogen was also about 42% effective on the yield and the yield reached 836 kg. In high amounts of nitrogen, the percentage of camazolin increased. The lowest amounts of alpha-bisabolol amount to 19.4%, 19.8, 20.7 and 21.

Ceftriaxone is one of the antibiotics used to treat some infectious diseases. The wide range of applications and sensitivity in the correct use of this drug doubles the necessity of measuring this drug. Many methods including chromatography have been used to measure it. Using the voltammetry method for measuring drugs is considered a bonus because of its accuracy, speed, and reasonable price. In this research work and in the modified electrode design, reduced graphene oxide to increase the sensitivity of the electrode; molecular template polymer made with methacrylic acid and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate to increase selectivity; And the electropolymerization of diphenylamine was used to stabilize the molecular template polymer on the electrode surface and increase the sensitivity. After several optimization steps, the designed electrode was used to measure small amounts of ceftriaxone. The linear range was between 0.025-3.047 μM and the detection limit was 0.008 μM. The designed electrode was successfully used to measure ceftriaxone in pharmaceutical and biological environments.

This research were conducted to evaluate micro-tubers production potential in plantlets different potato cultivars under in vitro condition in the tissue culture laboratory of Bahparvar Sabalan Company during 2013. The plantlets of five potato cultivars (Agria, Sante, Marfona, Savalan and Caesar) from meristem culture under in vitro condition by single nod cuttings method were amplified and from these plantlets were used to production micro-tubers. Analysis of variance for measured traits showed that potato cultivars in micro-tuber number, weight and diameter per plantlet, number of leave per plantlet and plantlet height had significant difference. The maximum of micro-tuber diameter per plantlet belonged to Marfona and Caesar cultivars, micro-tuber weight per plantlet belonged to Sante and Marfona cultivars, micro-tuber number per plantlet belonged to Sante, Marfona, Agria and Savalan cultivars, leave number per plantlet belonged to Sante, Savalan, Marfona and Caesar cultivars and plantlet height belonged to Caesar, Savalan and Marfona cultivars were. Linear correlation coefficients between traits showed that micro-tuber weight produced per plantlet with micro-tuber number per plantlet and number of leave per plantlet, and micro-tuber diameter with number of leave per plantlet had significant positive relationship. Based on the results of cluster analysis, the second group with Sante, savalan, Caesar and Marfona cultivars were selected the better cultivars.

Children are more susceptible and vulnerable to environmental pollutants relative to adults. Due to their unique physiological and behavioral characteristics, children are easier to be exposed to environmental pollutants than the general population. Children are more sensitive to chemical exposure as their organs are still developing and not yet mature and their immune systems and detoxification mechanisms are weaker than adults. The purpose of this study is to investigate the types of heavy metals (such as lead, mercury, cadmium and arsenic), their sources, possible routes of exposure and entry of heavy metals into children's bodies, the vulnerability of children to heavy metals and the adverse effects of heavy metals on children's health. Entry of heavy metals to the body occurs through inhalation of contaminated air, dermal absorption, consumption of contaminated food, and drinking of contaminated water. Exposure of children to heavy metals has adverse impacts on their health. The entry of heavy metals into children's bodies affects not only the physical development of children but also their nervous system, kidneys, and bones. Exposure to heavy metals during pregnancy and childhood leads to unfavorable brain development and increases the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders and so-called autism in children. Many of these metals lead to mental retardation and neurological disorders in children due to memory problems and low IQ. Because of the detrimental health effects of heavy metals on children, efforts should be made to curb their pollution or release to the environment through stringent laws and regulations.

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood."“Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.”“Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person”(1,2,3)Universal Declaration of Human RightsLiving right is the most primitive rights of human beings. It is impossible to be catched with environment which has no purity and health. Destroying environment progressively, which is lead to our present crisis, causes human's need to profit healthy environment.In this paper, right on healthy environment as a part of human rights third generation and its detection effect as one of human rights' types in environment protecting are studied.

The present study effect of voluntary disclosure of information on environmental costs with emphasis on internal control structure. This research is practical in terms of purpose and in terms of methodology, the correlation is of the causal type (after event). The systematic elimination sampling, 129 companies were selected as sample and were investigated in the period of 8 years between 2014 and 2021. The method used to collect information is a library and data are collected for measuring variables from the codal website and corporate financial statements and in Excel, basic calculations have been made then, to test the hypotheses of the software stata was used. The results of the research show that voluntary disclosure of information has a direct impact on environmental costs. Also, internal control structure has a direct effect on the relationship between voluntary information disclosure and environmental costs.