فصلنامه مطالعات فرهنگ - ارتباطات
پیاپی 59 (پاییز 1401)

Given the unparalleled, extensive, and ever-increasing capabilities of cyberspace, ethical rules seem to be undeniably necessary for such a space. Benefiting from the role of social responsibilities and defining relevant codes are among the neglected capacities to organize and develop ethics in cyberspace. Based on the grounded theory (GT) and mixed methods, semi-structured interviews were first conducted with the experts of communications in this study to extract their proposed social responsibility codes for cyberspace. Then a questionnaire was employed to carry out a survey to evaluate the priorities of those codes from the perspective of Tehran citizens. It is important to devise a prioritization system because it can be used by decision-makers and executives to formulate policies, set rules, and make strategic plans. According to the research results, the proposed social responsibility codes were classified into ten categories: “social relationships”, “privacy, protection, and security”, “family and children”, “e-advertisement and e-commerce”, “unprofessional, annoying, and harmful measures and techniques”, “media literacy”, “content creation”, “intellectual property”, “right to access”, and “Internet service and bandwidth”. From the perspective of cyberspace users in Tehran, social responsibility codes of “social relationships”, “e-advertisement and e-commerce” and “privacy, protection, and security” were the top priorities.

The purpose of this article is to analyze environmental media policies to achieve an appropriate media model for addressing environmental issues. To achieve the goal and evaluate the status quo, using the two theories of agenda setting and environmental journalism principles and sustainable development were presented. Then to achieve a media model, 22 communications and sociology professors and experienced individuals in the fields of media and environment were selected using the two methods of Targeted Sampling and Snowball Sampling and then they were interviewed using the semi-structured deep interview model. Then the achieved data was interpreted using open, axial and selective coding. The results, in the model-delivering section, show that media and decision-makers play three main service functions to promote sustainable development. The first function of the media identified in this study is providing mediating factors in sustainable development. The mediating factors can be provided through involving people, caring about to NGOs and recruiting academicians. The second function of the media is to apply the five media strategies which include publishing a professional environment-related media, employing an environment specialist reporter, releasing environmental reports and highlighting its issues, making reports about environmental issues and problems and making officials feel accountable about sustainable development.

Along with the expansion of the virtual space and mediaization of the cultural space, people's identification has also changed. From a sociological point of view, the analysis of the expression of women's identity in virtual spaces, which have less freedom in traditional "real" situations to express their identity, is particularly important. Because virtual space has provided more capacity for them to create and represent their desirable and ideal identity. In such condition, using a qualitative approach to understand the depth and fluidity of their identification process is more reasonable and frutfull. Therefore, the following article has analyzed the identification process of 16 female students of Yasouj University in cyberspace by a qualitative methodology. The data collection technique was an unstructured and semi-structured interview; and non-random, purposeful and maximum diversity sampling method was used for sampling. The generated data analized by the three stages strategy of open, axial and selective coding. Based on the content of the  interviews, the causes, contexts and consequences of these girls' use of virtual space were categorized and analyzed under the ten main categories of "the essence of communication, expressing different aspects of oneself, purposeful use to provide various needs and services, satisfying psychological-physiological desires, filling free time, psychological and skilfull personality weakness, family life disorder, different selves presented in cyberspace, capabilities of cyberspace in modern life and scope of cyberspace damages. On a more abstract level, it can be said that the core category of "virtual space as an echo of the real space and a breeding ground of real-pretend selves”, to some extent, reflects the process of identification of the studied girls in the virtual space which is caused by the two-way effect of the psychological-physiological-social characteristics of the girls and their biocultural-social living conditions in the real space of the society.

Along with the proliferation of media technologies and the increasing presence of students in cyberspace, many researches have also been conducted on issues related to them. One of the emerging issues related to crimes and harassment that occur in cyberspace, which range from cracking software locks to cyberbullying. This article, with a sociological perspective seeks to investigate cyber aberrations and examines the impact of religiosity, social bonding, and demographic variables on the dependent variable from the perspective of social bonding and social control theories. This article using survey method and questionnaire tool had focused on students of Tehran universities. The sample size selected as 400 cases. The religiosity was measured in three aspects as known as beliefs, rituals and commitments. The overall index has a mean equal to 3.18 which illustrates the medium upward religiosity of university students. (75.1%) of students had a moderate to high level of social bond. The cyber deviation index shows that only 14.2% of students had been involved much or too much with these deviations. These deviations were more common among students of lower grades and younger ages. Religiosity and social bonding have both been inversely correlated with these deviations. Also, regression analysis shows that the theoretical model of this study was able to explain (73.7%) of the changes in cyber deviations. In addition, the results of path analysis show that the variable that had the most direct impact on the dependent variable was the social bond variable.

Religion has existed throughout the history of the news media, and issues related to religion have been part of the discourses of journalism. Religion has a strong presence in Iranian media too, however the relationships between journalism and religion have received less attention from researchers. This study seeks to describe religion journalism as a style of journalism in the Iranian media sphere. For this purpose, we examined religious news in official news agencies attempting to describe religion journalism from two perspectives of style (form) and content. The results of this study show that religion journalism in Iran mainly has the following characteristics; Hard news, with an objective journalism style, with inferential headlines, using the inverted pyramid method, with novelty news value and a propagation approach. In addition, in terms of content, religion journalism pays special attention to the political, social and ritual dimensions of religion while adopting a traditional discourse towards religion. The discourse of traditional religion that emphasizes the social aspects of religion, such as enjoining good and forbidding evil, and large collective rituals such as the Eid al-Fitr prayer.

The aim of this study was to design and evaluate a conceptual model of strategies to protect children's privacy in cyberspace in two qualitative-quantitative methods. After reviewing the background and theoretical concepts of the research, using the qualitative method of in-depth interviews with 18 experts in the field of communication, law and psychology with purposive probability sampling method, the research data reached theoretical saturation, interpreted using thematic analysis and model A concept was created. The research findings showed six comprehensive themes and 17 organized themes as the main branches of strategies to protect children's privacy in cyberspace, which include: social (social environment), cultural (culture-building), legal (legislation, preparation requirements). Consent, access requirements), educational (media literacy, content production, critical thinking, formal education, knowledge management, development of literacy and thought), economic (investment) management (technical requirements, policy, training, organizational security, support Institutional). In the quantitative section, in order to fit the model, a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among 160 child specialists and activists who were selected by relative sampling method and Morgan-Krejcie formula. The descriptive findings of the quantitative part showed that the total index of the solutions is at a desirable level and the inferential findings of the quantitative part of the research using factor analysis showed that the reproduced model has the necessary fit. The conceptual model used in the formulation of strategies and laws necessary for policy-making and planning to protect the privacy of children in cyberspace..

Qajar dynasty, particularly in Naseri period (i.e. Naser al-Din Shah reign), came to this understanding that they could employ cultural policies to a direct influence on people’s lives, by which established a new kind of kingly power over people. For execute such an aim, journals were one of powerful sources. Using a descriptive-analytical approach in this paper, reflections, and impressions of cultural policies in journals during Naseri period has been discussed. Studying journals publishing chronologically indicates that, like many other fundamental changes in Qajar reign, is a consequence of occurrence of Iran-Russia wars and perceiving the necessity of reforms. Professional modern journalism, as far as documents illustrate, appeared by the supports of Abbas Mirza, the then crown prince, and became more professional during Amir Kabir’s chancellery. While Iranian journalism developed more than before in Mirza Hossein Khan Sepahsalar period, Nasir al-Din Shah’s unwelcomed inferences with journalistic affairs, under cover of cultural policies, had been continued. Based on a few documents, it has been explained that how legal control of press, including censure plans, which was an example of implemented cultural policies of Naseri period on journals and prints, made journalism in exile? Mirroring, and even adopting, such policies in following movements and revolutions could be seen as a sequence of that period.

This study aims to identify the intensity and types of online love in cyberspace in the shadow of social characteristics of users. Ideas of Sternberg, Lee, Bawman, Illuze, Giddens and Ben Zeev about Love are consiers as the theoretical base of the research. Statistical population contains all citizens of Kashan city in 2020, out of which 384 persons were selected via a non-probability sampling method. Findings showed that different types of online love have been formed in cyberspace, although the amount and intensity of love in these species are different from each other. The most common and widespread type of online love among the respondents was the love of fun and entertainment (Ludus), and it followed by pragmatic and matchmaking loves respectively.At the same time, the widespresd types of online love differ according to the age of respondants, their marital status, level of education, friendship duration and their jobs. Interestingly, the infidelity love contains only 4% of the total amount of online romantic relationships. Moreover, there is a relationship between the types of online love with the attitudes toward the Internet and the Internet environments.

The upcoming research aims to provide a suitable model for advertising cultural products. In this research, the process of advertising cultural products in the media space of the country (television, newspapers and magazines) and its changes and developments have been investigated and scrutinized from different angles and according to the dimensions, components, indicators, effective factors and Its features should be presented as a suitable, comprehensive and integrated local model for advertising cultural products.The approach used in the present research is quantitative and qualitative (mixed) method. The statistical research community includes academic experts and scientific and executive professionals active in the field of advertising cultural products and media space, which is based on the views of 18 experts and 385 advertising activists with the systemic approach of Strauss and Corbin, during three stages of open and central coding. and selected, 50 concepts and 12 categories were extracted. Among these, advertising of cultural products as the central category and 11 other items formed the basis of the data theory of the research. The findings showed that of the four main  categories of causal, central, strategic conditions and consequences, respectively, government policies based on supporting cultural productions and changing attitudes towards their products or commodities, having an advertising and information program, institutional trainings at the two levels of producers and family institutions, and emphasis on preserving the identity and original values ​​of society have the highest level of emphasis. Therefore, within the framework of theoretical research literature, experts' point of view and the use to Grounded Theory, a proposed model for advertising cultural products in Iran's media space was designed and compiled.

"ERTEBAT" as the persian equivalentis of “communication” in English is the subject and central signifier of communication science. Although, This word has not been used in Quran exactly but  its root means "RABT" in the form of different derivation has been used. In a conceptual approach in the Islamic scientific ecosystem, it is interesting and useful to ask what do RABT’ adviration mean in Holy Quran? In other words, "How do you analyze the root of RABT and its derivatives in the Holy Qur'an from the perspective of communication science?" Using descriptive-analytical method, this article identifies 5 verses of Quran and analyzes these verses in  two levels: 1-The first and minimum level (the communicative analysis of RABT advirations in Holy Quran) 2-The second and maximum level (conceptual ralation of “RABT” in Quran and “communication” in communication sciences). At the first level, the communication dimensions of the three terms "Robat al-Khail" (related horses), "RABTE GHALB” (heart commuincation) and "MORABETAH" (interactive-social commuincatin) are discoverd. Some more impotant fidings of the article are the phenomena of "messageless communication” and "more complete communication" in "RABTE GHALB”. In addition, a non-competitive understanding of  "MORABETAH" and its design is worth mentioning as a "transactional process" in communication. But at the second level, it is a good idea that the “RABT” and  “communication” have a same meaning essence include "sharing" and "trust”.

Mosque, as the main axis of Islamic civilization and the first institution formed in Islam, has a very special position. Despite more than 70 thousand mosques, the limited use of this huge capacity in an Islamic country has caused its position to decline. In this study, using approach of participatory action researcha, concentrated effort has been made to generate ideas in the field of mosque with the ultimate goal of achieving its special position, called taraz mosque, in the startup event form. This issue is the first step in using the capacity of these events in serving the cultural issues. The idea of holding this event was planned for a year and it was held with two startup weekend events in the spring  2017 in Imam Sadiq University camp in Damavand during one month. This event is a reference for guiding and conducing the process of generating, collecting and promoting mosque ideas, team building, producing product, value creation and planning for its implementation to achieve a taraz mosque. Therefore, the main question in this study is what role taraz Mosque Startup weekend had in designing creative ideas? The main results of this action research are: formation, cultivation and implementation of creative ideas in the field of mosque until reaching to the minimum viable product (MVP). The ideas of "godly loan through mosque crowdfunding" and "Monitoring, evaluating and comparing the situation of mosques" were selected as the best ideas in this event.

The foundations of living  is work and activity and collaborative work culture is its complement for survival. Though human being is a social creature; then work culture will have an impact on individual performance if it is based on team work and collaboration. Accordingly, the present study examines the relationship between the ethical values-based work communications culture ​​and the Collaborative work culture on job performance among faculty members of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences with the mediating role of social capital. The research method is descriptive-correlation.The statistical population was all of faculty members of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences (204 people) in 2020 and the research sample included 134 people who were selected using stratified random sampling. For gathering information, a researcher-made questionnaire was used and data analysis was done by structural equation modeling and using SPSS 24 and PLS software. The findings of the research indicated that there is a significant relationship between ethical values-based work communications culture ​​with job performance and the mediating role of social capital with Z-value of 2.64, and between Collaborative work culture with job performance and the mediating role of social capital with Z-value of 2.10. Also, there were significant relationships between ethical values-based work communications culture ​​with job performance with T-‎ value of 3.16 , Collaborative work culture with job performance with T-‎ value of 6.35, ethical values-based work communications culture with social capital with T-‎ value of 5.19, participatory work culture with social capital with T-‎ value of 4.83, social capital with job performance with T-‎ value of 7.15 at the 95% confidence level