پژوهش نامه روانشناسی اسلامی
سال هشتم شماره 16 (بهار و تابستان 1401)

“Good-temperness” is an important concept in Islamic texts. This study aimed to illustrate a psychological model for the process of good-temperness according to Islamic texts. The research method was qualitative content analysis. First, data were gathered and then they were coded. In coding process these were extracted: contextual conditions; intervening conditions; casual conditions; and functions and consequences of good-temperness. Results showed that contextual conditions are those factors like the existence of “Nafs” as the context for forming good-temperness and the existence of “wisdom” as a cognitive context for good-temperness. The intervening conditions such as “believing in God”, “divine attribution style”, and “prayer” facilitate good-temperness. “seeking meaning”, “paying attention to consequences of good-temperness”, and “modeling” provide the casual conditions for good-temperness. Functions of good-temperness include “behavioral components” (such as being good-humoured, affable, and smooth-talking), “cognitive component” (contentment), and “emotional component” (anger management). Consequences of good-temperness include “otherworldly consequences” such as entering heaven and “this-worldly consequences” such as comfort, kindness, facilitating social relationships, social esteem, and becoming cautious.

The present research aimed to study the effectiveness of an educational intervention to regulate sexual behavior, with an Islamic approach, on reducing anxiety and increasing the mental health of adolescent boys. In doing so, the single-subject experimental design with multiple baselines and a sample of three individuals was applied. The findings revealed that all three subjects, as intervention begins, showed reducing scores on the anxiety scale and increasing scores on the mental health scale. The amount of non-overlapping data for the third subject and the amount of non-overlapping data for the first and second subjects on Cattle's anxiety scale showed that the educational intervention to regulate sexual behavior with an Islamic approach was effective in reducing anxiety and increasing mental health of these adolescent boys. A significant part of the changes that occurred in the one- and three-month follow-up periods was persistent. The result showed that the educational intervention to regulate sexual behavior with an Islamic approach is an effective method to reduce anxiety and increase mental health adolescents.

People faced with natural sufferings and adverse happenings will experience stress. On negative, cognitive reaction to such sufferings is “magnification”. The purpose of this study was to explain the role of Zuhd in minimizing the stress of suffering based on a conceptual model of asceticism in Islamic sources. For this purpose, two methods were used: general understanding of religious texts with psychological approach, and psychological understanding of religious texts. The hadith family; ensuring the issuance and validity of hadiths; vocabulary of Zuhd in words; its semantics based on Qoranic verses and Hadith sources; and the why and the how of the role of Zuhd in minimizing the difficulties were investigated with emphasis on the stress caused sufferings and disasters. Findings showed that the hadiths were valid with reliable sources. The results of semantic analysis of asceticism indicated that Zuhd consists of 10 components: knowledge of facts and inwardness; belief in mortality of the world; capacity to distinguish and identify; self-control; attachment to God; otherworldly futurism; orientating desires and wishes; calmness; empathetic social relationships. With a model of attachment to God, we explained how Zuhd make suffering tolerable; this model consists of two subsystems: knowledge and control.

The aim of this research has been to investigate the effect of prayer on vitality and hope. In doing so, an experimental design was applied. A sample of 106 participants randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Using story/scenario among both groups, a situation was created in which we could measure vitality and hope. The story was selected with an open-ended questionnaire. Besides the story, the experimental group read a prayer text from the book called “Sahife Sajjadie”; the prayer for the purpose of this research was re-written in a fluent and contemporary language. Using the participant voice, the effect of prayer on hope and vitality were measured. Results did not confirm the research hypothesis, that prayer effects vitality and hope. These findings may suggest that momentarily prayer would not be sufficient to increase state vitality and state hope; for further effects, continuation of prayer is needed to form a God-seeing personality. Prayer is a process of integrating God-seeing personality. The effect of prayer on positive emotions could be on macro level, rather than micro level.

Human-beings always find different desires within themselves; despite the conflict or inconsistency among those desires, humans want all of them. The present study aimed to explain, with a reliance on Islamic texts, the role conflict between innate and instinctive mental organizations in formation of making healthy character. The method is qualitative content analysis. The research findings revealed that the basic conflict between those two organizations is a result of inconsistency of “cognitive organization” with flow of “disturbing thoughts”; disturbing thoughts, in this situation, always act according to instinctive mental organization, and the cognitive organization on the other hand often seek to actualize Fetri’s and act according to innate mental organization. This inconsistency leads to serious cognitive conflict and hence the difference of these two forces determines the power of innate and instinctive mental organizations, and determines the orientation of the development in the individual's behavioral patterns.

This study aimed to compare the dimensions of Islamic faith and forgiveness in marital relationship based on religious coping styles of women in Qom city. The research method was descriptive-causal-comparative and the statistical population of the study was wives of the seminary students in Qom city in year 2021. Through convenient sampling, 200 wives of seminary students in Qom city were selected. Marriage Faith Scale, Islamic Amnesty and Forgiveness Scale, and Coping Style Scale were applied. An electronic questionnaire was used to collect the data. Using SPSS software, measures of central tendency and dispersion were applied in descriptive statistics, and Multivariate Analysis of Variance was applied in inferential statistics. Results showed that there is a significant positive correlation between the dimensions of faith in the marital relationship and forgiveness based on Islamic teachings among the participants in the study. There is a significant inverse correlation between marriage and amnesty and forgiveness based on Islamic teachings among study participants. According to the obtained results, it is possible to use the results of this research in offering family therapy interventions for couples