نشریه تحقیقات ژنتیک پزشکی
سال سوم شماره 1 (بهار 1401)

CRISPR is a powerful technology and the CRISPR-Cas9 system has provided a new tool for simple, precise, selective and easy to use genetic engineering of any different DNA targets of the genome. This ability is essential for understanding gene function, engineering cell behaviors, and developing therapies. The type II CRISPR-Cas9 system is the most commonly used for genome editing. This ribonucleoprotein complex consists of a DNA endonuclease (Cas9) and two RNAs, CRISPR RNA (crRNA) and transacting RNA (tracrRNA). Subsequently, the discovery of nuclease-dead Cas molecules (dCas9) provided a platform for precise control of genome function without gene editing. In this review article, the advances of CRISPR/dCas9 technique and its applications in the field of genome engineering and gene expression, as well as the improvement of its methods, have been discussed.

Epilepsy is a central nervous system disorder (neurological disorder) in which the activity of nerve cells in the brain disrupts and leads to seizures in which abnormal symptoms, symptoms, and emotions, including loss of consciousness, occur. According to the World Health Organization, more than 50 million people worldwide have epilepsy. There are many drugs that are effective in the treatment of this disease, phenytoin is one of the most common drugs. The use of phenytuine and similar drugs used to treat epilepsy can have significant effects on the process of ovarian distinction and subsequent problems. In this study, for the first time, we suggest that the use of phenytoids should be considered in the form of ovarian and fertility of the material due to the expression of important genes, and in the process of the treatment of alternative drugs that have less side effects on sexual distinction or sexuality of mothers with epilepsy. And they use these medications to consider.

Infertility is one of the problems that has various social consequences. The severity of infertility in different societies includes about 10 to 15% of couples, and approximately 45% of the causes of infertility in these couples are related to the male factor. Infertility has many causes, one of which is oxidative stress. Glutathione peroxidase is one of the moderators with selenium, and selenium can be placed in the form of selenocysteine in their structure. This enzyme is one of the most important antioxidant enzymes involved in the male reproductive system. It has been found that glutathione peroxidase levels decrease in infertile people. The purpose of this review study is to investigate the various causes of infertility in men, especially glutathione peroxidase 3 enzyme and its polymorphism in fertile and infertile men.