مجله پژوهش های بوم شناسی شهری
پیاپی 29 (زمستان 1401)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of pedestrian indicators in Trabiat and Valiasr pavements. The tools that used in this paper is questionnaire. The population of the study consisted of pedestrians, shopkeepers and residents of these two areas. Using simple random sampling method and Cochran method, 380 people were selected as sample size. The research is of type and its nature is descriptive-analytical as well as inferential.. The special innovation of this research is the identification of indigenous components effective in improving the quality of sidewalks with emphasis on traditional and modern sidewalks. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated by Cronbach's formula in the Tarbiat 0.902 and in the Valiasr was 0.886. The results of the factor analysis findings summarized 46 variables into 12 main factors. Percentage of final variance for Tarbiat was 86/84 and 81/01 for Valiasr. The results of Pearson correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between all variables with pedestrian status in both pedestrians and in this regard the variable correlation in Tarbiat was higher than Valiasr. The results of t-test confirm that there is a significant difference and variance of mean of pedestrian variables between two pedestrians. Finally, the results of variance test show a significant difference between the three groups of passers-by, residents and merchants.

The present study was aimed with emphasis on urban regeneration and spatially analyze the status of physical resilience in the coastal cities of western Mazandaran province. In terms of descriptive-analytical nature, this research was applied-research in terms of purpose. The method of collecting research data was based on the library method and field survey method (questionnaire tool). The statistical population is 382 households in Noor, Nowshahr, Tonekabon, Chalous and Ramsar. For this purpose, one-way t-test, Idas multi-criteria decision making method and multivariate regression test were used.The final result of the study according to the general finding of one-way t-test for physical resilience indicate poor resilience of coastal cities in the west of Mazandaran province in peak travel conditions and the favorable situation of the preconditions for urban regeneration in these cities. According to the results of the Idas technique, out of the five cities studied, three cities are in weak groups, i.e. "low resilience status and non-resilience". The results of this technique also indicate the unfavorable situation of urban regeneration in three sample cities. The results of multi-nominal regression also show that there are a significant effect of urban regeneration in promoting physical resilience of coastal cities in the west of Mazandaran province.

The present study aims to assess of physical resilience, environmental and hazards indicators in the cities of Abadan and Khorramshahr. The research tool was a researcher - made questionnaire that based on the results of Cronbach's alpha method with minimum reliability coefficient (0.7), approved for each dimension of urban resilience. The statistical population of the present study included academic experts, experts and institutional - organizational managers that based on the method Purposive and chain - referral sampling, a total of (106) people who had sufficient knowledge and experience in the field of urban resilience and knowledge of the study area were selected and they were questioned. In order to analyze the data, SPSS statistical analysis software was used. The innovation of the present study is in presenting and measuring the harmonious indicators of urban resilience based on physical, environmental and hazard dimensions in the cities of Abadan and Khorramshahr. Based on the calculated values for each of the dimensions of urban resilience (environmental, physical - infrastructure and hazards resilience), the results of the study indicate the unstable and unsuitable resilience situation of Abadan and Khorramshahr cities and there is a significant difference between existing resilience and optimal resilience.

Because of rapid urbanization, urban warming has become a serious problem along with global warming. In this study, the impacts of urbanization on minimum and maximum temperature variations were investigated in Iran's Northwestern urban areas. For this purpose, the meteorological (1987-2017) and urbanization data from the general census as well as the housing population (1365-1395) in conjunction with Pearson Correlation-coefficient and Mann-Kendall Test were used. Based on this test, a positive and significant trend was observed at minimum and maximum temperatures among urban stations. The analysis of decade's changes also shows the impact of urbanization on climate. The results of the relationship between minimum and maximum temperature with the number of population in urban areas are positive.The correlation between the minimum temperature in Khalkhal and Khoramdareh (small towns) was 0.8, in Maragheh and Khoy (average cities) 0.7 and Maximum temperature was 0.61 in Mahabad city and there was a significant relationship between the big cities of Ardebil and Zanjan At 0.7, 0.75, but in Urmia and Tabriz (a very large and metropolitan city), the population with a minimal temperature was relatively small, but maximum temperatures in both cities with a coefficient of 0.68, 0.61, indicating the significant role played by the urbanization on the urban climate. In small and medium-sized towns, significant changes were observed at minimal temperatures. At all stations, the demographic changes and the minimum and maximum temperature increases were observed. Major changes in the decades of 1375-1385 and 1385-1395, in which population growth is increasing.

The present research aims to investigate and analyze the socio-cultural barriers to the development of sustainable public transportation in Ahvaz metropolis. The study is applied-developmental, descriptive-analytical. To collect the data, library techniques and field studies (questionnaires and interviews) were employed. It used quantitative research and the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making method for data analysis. The research population consisted of the eight Districts of Ahvaz metropolis. To determine the sample size of the expert population, a snowball sampling method was employed, based on which 15 public transport experts were selected. The research innovation is to present a relatively complete set of barriers to the socio-cultural development of transportation, categorize the barriers and recognize the spatial differences at the city level. It is essential that other researchers have not had such scope on the subject. The research results indicated that the socio-cultural barriers to public transportation development in the eight districts of Ahvaz are different from each other, so in Districts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, respectively, the weakness of organizational culture, car-oriented lifestyle, poor participation of duty units, lack of support for children's travel, irregular getting-on/off schedule, resistance to paying public fees, and poor observance of citizen's rights are the most critical barriers to the public transportation development.

The main objective of this study is to analyze optimum locations to create green space by designing a geometric network of urban roads to determine the nearest green space and the best route to access the area in the district one of the Kerman city. Four descriptive qualitative matrices of suitability, adaptability, capacity, and dependence (multi-criteria-decision-making methods) were used for analyzing and spatial distribution of green spaces in the area of study. These criteria were ranked based on hierarchical reversal analysis method and then modeled in the GIS environment. Analytical functions were used by which suitable locations were determined to create green areas in district one of the Kerman city. Our results show the total area of existing green spaces in district one of the Kerman city is about 54 hectares that is insignificant compared with the district one whole area. Based on quadratic quality matrices method, we propose suitable locations to create new green spaces at about 106 hectares. Broadly speaking, the spatial analysis of green space using the method of quadratic quality matrices and hierarchical reversal analysis shows 28.7% very suitable location, 53.4% suitable location, and 17.9% unsuitable location.

Today, urban prosperity is known as one of the most effective solutions to economic growth, the dominant of social relations, environmental sustainability and better quality of life in cities and neighbourhoods. The debate on the concept of urban prosperity was first formed in the 1930s. The United Nations Human Settlements Organization in 2012, provided comprehensive indicators on urban prosperity. The aim of this research is a cooperative evaluation of the urban neighborhoods in district 6 of Tehran based on urban prosperity indicators. Applying urban prosperity in neighborhood planning is a new policy in sustainable urban development. This research based on the method, is descriptive-analytical and in terms of aim is applied. The data collection method was documentary-library. The WASPAS model was used to rank the neighborhoods and the entropy model was used to weight the indicators. The results of applying the WASPAS decision making model show that there is a difference between the 14 neighborhoods of region 6 than the urban prosperity indexes. The ranking of neighborhoods in terms of urban prosperity indicated that the three neighborhoods of Yousefabad, Keshavarz and Valiasr had the favorable status with final score of 0.337, 0.334 and 0.259, respectively, six neighborhoods with average status and five neighborhoods (Nizami Ganjavi, Jihad, Behjat Abad, Fatemi and Jamalzadeh) are in undesirable condition and are at the superiority of urban development planning. The results also showed that the urban prosperity environmental dimension had the most neighborhoods (11 neighborhoods) with undesirable conditions.

The purpose of the study is to investigate how urban environmental management in the district 22 of Tehran in order to provide a comprehensive model and improve it. The research is applied in terms of purpose and analytical-descriptive in terms of method, so in collecting data from internal and external sources and in the survey phase, 20 elite expert managers in the field of bio-urban management were used through a questionnaire. Executive model of strategic research planning derived from individual Fred.R.David `s strategic management model and the QSPM matrix was used to execute the decision making process. Presenting a comprehensive and environmental model with the environment of the 22nd district of Tehran municipality, which is capable of determining the weak points of urban management and providing a solution to improve it, is one of the innovations of this article. According to the findings of the research and the final score of less than 2.5 determined in the environmental management of the municipality of district 22 of Tehran, the strengths and opportunities obtained to overcome the disadvantages and threats have not been properly used and the type of strategy, defensive. The results showed that three strategies, “Evaluation of Areas Requiring Protection”, “Reforming Legal and Organizational backgrounds, Reforming Organizational Structure and Integrated Urban Management are the most important Promotion strategies for urban management.