نشریه پرستاری و مامایی ارومیه
سال بیستم شماره 10 (پیاپی 159، دی 1401)

Drug interactions can cause adverse reactions in the patient, from treatment inefficiency to serious treatment complications. Due to the complexity of drug therapy and the use of several drugs and different drug groups, patients hospitalized in special care units are exposed to more drug interactions. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the frequency of drug interactions in patients admitted to the intensive care unit.

This study investigated the medical records of 300 patients admitted to intensive care units of Urmia teaching hospitals. Drug interactions were determined using the Lexi-comp application and Drug Interaction Facts textbook. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software v. 16.0.

Of the 300 cases, 138 (%43.3) were male and 160 (%53.7) were female. Two hundred and thirty- one patients (77%) had moderate interaction, 94 patients (%31.3) had mild interaction, and 67 patients (%22.3) had severe interaction. One hundred eighty-six patients had pharmacokinetic interactions, and 201 patients had pharmacokinetic interactions. The most common interaction was for drugs Heparin + Aspirin, with 58 cases.

By making medical personnel aware of the potential side effects of drug interactions and the science of interference, as well as replacing interfering drugs with other drugs as much as possible, paying attention to drugs that frequently cause interference with other drugs, and using interference detection softwares, it is possible to effectively prevent drug interactions and complications in the intensive care unit.

Many complications could follow the operation as one of many treatments for cardiac problems. Anxiety is one of these complications, which could be perilous for patients affecting their hemodynamics before surgery. This research aimed to determine the effect of virtual tour training and orientation by nurses on patients' anxiety levels.

This study is a pre-test post-test quasi-experimental research in which 60 patients from the cardiac unit were chosen and randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. All patients completed two questionnaires on the day of admission, including demographic and Spielberger’s state-trait anxiety inventory questionnaire. The day before surgery, the intervention group watched a 9-minute-long video about nursing care, connections, and the patient’s overall condition after surgery in the intensive care unit, and the researcher answered all their questions. The control group only received the cardiac unit’s usual preoperative education. Then patients completed the questionnaires again. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software with a confidence level of 5 percent.

The results showed that virtual education and orientation are effective on the intervention group's anxiety and caused a reduction in state, trait, and total anxiety of patients.

Virtual education and orientation could reduce patients' anxiety before open-heart surgery. It is recommended that this method be used by considering a relaxing and calm space for instructional interventions in cardiac units.

Training nurses and updating the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process, especially in children, is critical. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for children using a smartphone application and a method of simulation of nurses' skills.

This semi-experimental study was conducted on 90 nurses working in two hospitals affiliated with Tehran Social Security Organization in 2020. The nurses were randomly assigned to the simulated and smartphone application groups. In this study, the research team designed a practical application so that the educational content be installed on the participants' phone and conduct the survey in two ways. The cardiopulmonary resuscitation checklist of the American Heart Association in 2015 was used to determine the skills of nurses before and four weeks after the intervention. Then, chi-square, independent t, and paired t test as well as covariance analysis were done using SPSS 18 version.

Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the mean cardiopulmonary resuscitation skill score, but this difference was significant four weeks after the training (P = 0.014). The increase in children's cardiopulmonary resuscitation skill scores in the smartphone application group was significantly more than them in the simulation group (P=0.008).

The results show that the implementation of the smartphone application is more effective on the nurses' skills in cardiopulmonary resuscitation of children. Therefore, this method is recommended as a less expensive but more accessible solution to improve the performance of nurses concerning cardiopulmonary resuscitation of children.

Pregnancy has significant physical and psychological effects on mothers, leading to pleasant or unpleasant experiences, especially if it is their first labor. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of group counseling on the experience of primigravida women referred to to health centers in Urmia city, Iran in 2019-2020.

This study was a clinical trial one. Eighty primigravida women who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study were randomly selected by inconvenient sampling method from the Urmia Health Centers in three social levels of wealthy, less wealthy, and on marginals of the city, and were divided into two groups of control (40 people) and intervention (40 people). In the pre-test stage, the questionnaires of demographic-medical, general health (GHQ-28), pregnancy experience (PES) were completed by the participants. Both groups received routine care of the health center. In addition to routine care, the intervention group took six sessions (each for two hours) of group counseling for six weeks. Finally, the post-test was completed two weeks after the first intervention. Results were analyzed by SPSS-22 software using Shapirovilks test for data normality as well as independent t-test, paired t-test, chi-square, and analysis of covariance with a significance level of less than 0.05.

The two groups were consistent regarding demographic variables. According to the descriptive findings, the average score of the total pregnancy experience before the intervention was 15.83 in the intervention group and 17.28 in the control group, which was not statistically significant (P>0.05). However, after the intervention, it was 41.8 in the intervention group and 17.95 in the control group, which were significantly different (P<0.05). The average score of pleasant pregnancy experience before the intervention in the intervention group was 27.73 and the control group was 31.47, which was not statistically significant (P>0.05), but after the intervention it was 41.95 in the intervention group and 41.95 in the control group. The control was 32.92, which had a significant difference (P<0.05). The mean score of unpleasant pregnancy experience before the intervention was 11.90 in the intervention group and 14.2 in the control group, which were not statistically significant (P>0.05), but after the intervention it was 0.16 in the intervention group and 14.98 in the control group, which had a statistically significant difference (P<0.05).

Group counseling reduces unpleasant experiences and increases pleasant experiences during pregnancy. Therefore, it is suggested that midwives should be performed group counseling along with routine care in health care centers.

Today, due to the advances in early diagnosis and treatment of malignancies, the number of stomach cancer survivors is increasing, and these survivors experience significant changes in their lives. Adapting to these changes requires appropriate interventions to improve their quality of life. So this study was conducted to determine the effect of remote self-care training through the WhatsApp application on the quality of life of stomach cancer survivors in Urmia in 2020-2021.

In this semi-experimental study, 54 gastric cancer survivors were selected with convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. A demographic information questionnaire and a standard questionnaire on the quality of life of gastric cancer patients (QLQ-STO22) were used to collect data. In the intervention group, the self-care program was educated remotely using the WhatsApp application in 8 sessions. Patients of the control group only received routine trainings. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistical methods (independent t-test, paired t-test and, chi-square) using SPSS version 16 software. A significance level of less than 0.5 was considered for all statistical tests.

The study results showed that the two groups were homogeneous regarding demographic variables and had no significant difference in them (p<0.05). Also, the results showed that, unlike the stage before the intervention, the mean score of the quality of life and its dimensions after the intervention had a statistically significant difference between the control and intervention groups; as after the self-care training, the quality of life in the intervention group improved significantly (p < 0.05).

Remote self-care training through the WhatsApp application would improve the quality of life of cancer survivors. Therefore, considering the ease of access to the training method through social networks without space and time limitations, using this training method by healthcare workers is recommended.

In crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the possibility of psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorders increases in high-risk people, especially in the frontline medical staff, causing disruption of their mental health and performance. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare mental health between healthcare staff with and without direct contact with COVID-19 in hospital wards of Urmia City, Iran in 2020.

The present study is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study in which 126 medical staff working in Taleghani Hospital were included using a convenience sampling method. The data collection tool was the DSM-5 Self-Rating Cross-Symptoms Level 1 Questionnaire for adults (over 18 years old people). The collected data were analyzed using ANOVA, t-test, and Pearson's correlation test by SPSS 25 statistical software.

The results showed that the highest scores were related to depression scales (22.69 ± 2.19) and sleep disorder (22.06 ± 1.78), and the lowest scores were related to memory scales (1.40 ± 0.03) and suicidal thoughts (2.31±0.01). Among the demographic variables and based on Pearson correlation analysis, there was a statistically significant relationship between depression and gender (P=0.04). Also, there was a significant relationship between depression, aggression, anxiety, psychosomatic, sleep quality, obsession, suicide, and memory in the group of direct and indirect healthcare staff involved with COVID-19 (p<0.05).

Mental health status was unfavorable among the health staff during the pandemic of COVID-19 disease. It is suggested to improve the mental health status of the health staff, especially nurses, who are directly effective in the quality of care and improving the health level of the society, by appropriate planning such as psychotherapy consultations, holding fun and encouraging programs, giving motivational things should be done in different.

The prevalence of postpartum stress disorder in women is twice as high as in men, which may be influenced by childbirth experiences, hormonal disorders, and stressful life events. The aim is to comparing the correlation of postpartum stress disorder in vaginal and cesarean delivery with social support and mother's fertility characteristic of mothers in 2018.

The study was a cross-sectional study in which a total of 720 primiparous and multiparous women who were 6-8 weeks past their delivery were selected by simple random method and included in this study. The data collection tools were personal and fertility information questionnaires, PTSD symptoms scale after birth trauma, and the level of social support of mothers, which were completed through face to face structured.

Mothers in both groups had more than 80% social support. In both groups, there was a negative and significant relationship between stress and social support (P<0.0001). In the group with normal delivery, there was a significant relationship between stress and history of hospitalization (P<0.01) and with pregnancy status from the wife's point of view (P=0.012).

Although most of the mothers in the two groups had adequate social support, a negative and significant relationship was seen between postpartum stress and social support in both groups, although the relationship between stress and social support was stronger in the natural delivery group than in the cesarean group. This study provides a better understanding of postpartum stress disorder for early diagnosis and intervention.

Lice infestation as a social stigma has been one of the health problems among students.
Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of an educational intervention based on the health belief model on the promotion of head lice prevention behaviors in elementary school girls in 2020-2021.

The present study was a semi-experimental interventional study. The studied population was 140 students of the fifth grade in Shahr-e rey (70 in each of two intervention and control groups) who were selected by two-stage cluster sampling method. The research data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability have been confirmed by Meshki et al. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS software version 20 using Kolmogorov Smirnov inferential statistics tests, descriptive statistical tests, and univariate analysis of covariance test.

The results of the analysis showed that before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the demographic and contextual variables between the two groups (p>0.05).
Two months after the intervention, a significant difference was observed in the average scores of the variables of awareness and constructs of perceived sensitivity, perceived intensity, perceived benefits, perceived obstacles, self-efficacy, and behavior in the intervention group compared to the control group.

The results of the present study revealed the influence of the health belief model in promoting preventive behaviors regarding head lice. The results of this research can be useful and beneficial for health educators who are trying to design educational programs related to diseases.