نشریه مطالعات تاریخ انتظامی
پیاپی 35 (زمستان 1401)

With the invasion of the Baathist regime of Iraq on the territory of Iran in 1980, an eight-year war took place in the history of Iran, which, of course, had consequences and achievements for Iran, and various cities of Iran, such as Dezful in Khuzestan province, were affected by this. This war started from the first day with Iraq's air attack on Dezful airbase and ground force barracks of this city and involved it in its troubles. The purpose of this research is to investigate the security and police-related consequences of the war imposed by the Iraqi Baathist regime on the city of Dezful (1980-1988). This research, using a descriptive-analytical method and a library and field study methodology (interview), seeks to answer the main question, what were the effects of the war imposed by the Baathist regime of Iraq on the city of Dezful in terms of different geographical, social, policing and security dimensions? The findings of the research indicated that this war did not cause much change in the city in terms of natural and human geography, but it caused many changes in terms of security, law and order and the extent of the structures associated with the war, one of the obvious consequences of which is the migration of the war-affected people to other areas to be stayed away from war casualties.

The mission of the Gendarmerie of the Islamic Republic of Iran was to maintain order and security in the field of protecting villages, roads and all non-urban areas, controlling and guarding the borders. At the beginning and during the imposed war, this organization was very effective in ensuring order and security in the war zones and dealing with illegal parties, apart from carrying out the assigned tasks and directly fighting with the invading Iraqi forces. The purpose of this research is to examine the structural changes of the Gendarmerie in the 8 years of war with the Baathist regime in Iraq.Using documents, library sources and interviews with gendarmerie commanders, this research seeks to answer the main question: what strategic and innovative changes did the gendarmerie of the Islamic Republic of Iran make in its organizational structure against the Iraqi border attacks? The findings of the research indicated that the Gendarmerie started the imposed war as the first force engaged against the Baathist enemy, relying on innovation and carrying out innovative measures in its organizational structure, such as the establishment of the Arvand base, the strengthening and expansion of the border battalions, as well as the creation of non-organizational combat units. Equipped with heavy weapons, he engaged with the Iraqi forces in the vast border area of Khuzestan, Kurdistan, West Azerbaijan, Ilam and Kermanshah, which before that time had no force and means to deal with border aggressions except border posts.

Establishing order in the society is one of the central issues of the Reza Shahi period (1925-1940). After reaching the kingdom, Reza Shah brought about fundamental changes in Shahrbani. One of the ways to know the contemporary history of Iran, besides using official chronicles, is to examine literary texts. The purpose of this article is to show the value and importance of research in literary texts and sources for historical researches by relying and emphasizing on a specific example, Shahrbani of Rezashah. Let it be discussed and explored and also turn it into a question in historical researches and clarify the corners and strains of the subject of the case study - that is Shahrbani Rezashahi - as much as possible. In this research, to represent the performance of Shahrbani in Persian fiction, the approach of people's history was inspired. People's history is a type of history writing that examines and narrates history and events based on the role and position of people. Twelve literary works were selected to examine the subject. The findings of the research show that fiction literature, along with public documents, is one of the sources that can be used to shed light on corners and strains of history. In this article, it was shown that the performance of police forces is significantly represented in the literary texts related to the period of Rezashahi. Examining the works in question showed that during the period of Rezashahi, the writers' attention was mostly on issues related to the treatment of prisoners and the way to identify criminals, but the writers of the later periods focused more on issues such as how to pursue crimes and censorship.

The rise of the Buyid coincided with the weakness of the Abbasids and the insecurities that were the result of many factors. Throughout the Buyid period, except for the period of Azud al-Dawla rule, security was faced with various challenges. While understanding the issues of his time, Azud al-Dawla managed to create security to some extent with plans and measures. His actions were effective in creating the necessary background for the growth and prosperity of this period. The present study, with descriptive-analytical method, investigates the causes of insecurity in the Buyid period and the actions of Azud al-Dawla in order to establish security and answer the question of what are the factors of insecurity in different fields in this period and what strategies Azud al-Dawla used to improve security in his territory. It seems that a wide range of measures have been taken in the four social, cultural, economic and judicial dimensions; but this process relies on the ruler. Therefore, it has not been possible to continue in the next periods and it has not always been successful. The most important achievement of the current research, in addition to identifying cases and examples of insecurity and governance measures, is recognizing the importance of different aspects of security in the flourishing period of Islamic civilization.

The narration of the Persian wars by the Greek historians, especially Herodotus, in the absence of the Iranian narrative, is a one-sided narrative that deprives the reader of obtaining and understanding other aspects of these wars. In the Greek narrative, the military and policing strategies of these wars are either not discussed or only a brief mention is enough. The Battle of Thermopylae is one of the Persian wars that was the key to capturing Athens. Therefore, the main question in this research is, what was Xerxes' military and policing strategy in the states located on the way to Greece and in the battle of Thermopylae? The findings of the research show that according to the military supplies and support of Xerxes' army, the movement and movement of troops, the construction, maintenance and reconstruction of roads and bridges, clothing and war equipment and strategic plans during the war, Xerxes, in the first place, followed It was to secure the western borders of the empire and to regulate the western states, which was accomplished by completely conquering Thrace and Macedonia to the north of Greece. The capture of northern Greece was the first consequence and fruit of Xerxes's preparations and strategic plan, which continued with the victory in Thermopylae and, more importantly, the capture of Athens. Xerxes' advance towards Athens should be studied in the context of his satisfaction with his military strategy. In fact, Thermopylae and the capture of Athens were the result of Xerxes' planning, logistics and policy in organizing the developments of the western borders, which was a great achievement for Xerxes before the defeat of Salamis. This research is written based on the descriptive-analytical approach using the narrative analysis method.

"Influence" is one of the strategies of exercising power, which was applied in hard and semi-hard forms in the old ages and in the new age in a soft form by one country against another country or by a person or a group on another person or group. In this article, the researchers intend to investigate the American security influence during the Pahlavi period in line with the Jihad of explanation. The research question is based on the basis of what was the American security influence during the Pahlavi period? To achieve this goal, the research with a descriptive-analytical method based on a qualitative model with an explanatory approach of wise and structural-causal authority, first of all, the axes and examples of the American security influence in the Pahlavi period based on convincing documents and documents are considered and analyzed. The findings of the research indicate that America has focused on the authority of power in the country i.e. the king in order to influence the security field of this period due to the dictatorial government structure where most of the power is in the hands of the ruler and by influencing and dominating this; so the authority of power uses two intelligence and security institutions of the country (SAVAK and the army's counter-intelligence) for its goals and interests in Iran and the West Asia region.