Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
Volume:26 Issue: 4, Dec 2022

Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria are treated with colonistin as a last resort. However, the increased resistance in recent years is significant for treating multiple drug-resistant infections.

This study aimed to determine the resistance genes mobile colistin resistance (mcr)-1 and mcr-2 in the colistin-resistant isolates, understand the resistance mechanism, and help with treatment.

Isolates were identified in the Vitek MS automated system. The antibiotic susceptibility was tested with the Vitek 2 Compact automated system. Enteric gram-negative bacilli isolates were stored at -20°C until the molecular study. DNA extraction of colistin-resistant isolates was performed by boiling method. Then, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) optimization was performed using the specific primers, and mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes were investigated by the multiplex PCR method.

About 170 enteric gram-negative bacilli isolate were mainly sent from internal medicine (44.7%) and neurology (13.5%) services. According to the species identification, 37.6% of the isolates were Klebsiella pneumonia, and 31.7% were Serratia marcescens. Based on PCR results, mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes were not detected in the isolates.

Increased colistin resistance and the worrying discovery of mcr genes require urgent precautions, even though the study did not detect mcr-1 and mcr-2. New studies investigating mcr genes in new isolates are needed to understand the mechanism of resistance and identify resistant isolates.

Pycnocycla bashagardiana essential oil (EO) is extracted from fruits via hydrodistillation and analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

This study aimed to evaluate molecular docking and cytotoxicity by P. bashagardiana EO in colon cancer cell lines.

The viability rates of P. bashagardiana fruit essential oil (PBFEO)-treated normal L929 and HT29 cancer cells were assessed at 0 - 500 g/mL in 24 and 48 h by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide. The cell apoptosis percentage was investigated via flow cytometry and gene expression of BAX and BCL2 using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the efficient myristicin binding was examined with the BCL2 protein through molecular docking analysis.

The half maximal inhibitory concentrations of 431.8 and 450 g/mL in L929 cells, as well as 278.5 and 144.6 g/mL in HT29 cells, were recorded at 24 and 48 h, respectively. The cell apoptosis percentage was examined by annexin-V-FITC. The results indicated a significant increase in the apoptosis percentage. A significant increase was also observed in HT29 cancer cells compared to normal L929 cells regarding the expression ratio of BAX/BCL2 genes. Myristicin’s binding affinity to BCL2 was relatively weak compared to the control.

Based on the results, myristicin can be suggested as a complementary treatment for colon cancer through more effective treatment and reducing the side effects of normal cells.

Patients’ perceptions of illness can influence their compliance with medical recommendations and, consequently, their perceived quality of life.

This study aimed to evaluate illness perception in patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD).

This cross-sectional correlational study was conducted on 300 individuals with CHD, who were selected from the specialized heart clinics affiliated with Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in 2018 using the convenient method. The researcher used the brief illness perception questionnaire (B-IPQ), the coping schemas inventory (CSI), and a 3-item questionnaire (designed by the researcher) to collect data. The Data were analyzed by the Structural Equation Modeling Modeling (path analysis) in LISREL based on the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) at P < 0.01 and P < 0.05.

A total of 60% of the individuals aged between 30 to 65, including 60.3% male and 39.7% female. Based on the research model, paths of coping strategies directly affected the perceived quality of life. Illness cognition directly impacts coping strategies and indirectly affects the perceived quality of life through the mediating role of managing strategies. Based on the evaluation of SRMI, perceived quality of life can be predictive through coping strategies and illness cognition.

Based on the results, patients should be informed about their illness’s cognitive components and adaptive coping strategies, including situational coping strategies, coping by social support, acceptance, and active emotional expression coping to improve their quality of life.

Confirmed and suspected patients with SARS-CoV-2 may fear contagion to others and the severe consequences of the disease. Therefore, theymayfeel loneliness, denial, anxiety, depression, insomnia, andhopelessness, reducing treatment adherence.

This study aimed to discuss the psychological challenges of survivors’ experiences in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

This descriptive phenomenological study explored survivors’ experiences of COVID-19 infection. Validated websites’ stories and notes were used to collect data. The stories were transcribed and analyzed by Colaizzi’s phenomenological analysis method. The authors screened the transcribed texts, extracted and summarized meaningful statements, and reported the themes independently. In addition, six criteria of authority, accuracy, objectivity, currency, coverage, and appearance were considered for evaluating web page quality. The data were analyzed using MAXQDA 10 software.

A total of 45 patients’ stories with COVID-19 were analyzed. Four general themes and 11 sub-themes were extracted via reading stories and extracting themes, including stigma (the sub-themes of embarrassment, defame, and Hopelessness), horror (sub-themes of denial, not professional experience, and toward death), different lifestyles (the sub-themes of change, unfriended, and sleeplessness), and freedom (two sub-themes of calmness and Rescue).

Based on the studies, the participants reported high rates of symptoms of fear, change, insomnia, and horror. Supporting COVID-19 patients in these critical conditions is one of the essential components of acute care measures. Specific interventions to promote mental health in exposed patients should be applied immediately and require special attention.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer inwomen, with different survival rates depending on the patients’ characteristics.

This study aimed to evaluate breast cancer patients’ characteristics and survival rates in the southeast of Iran.

The recorded data of breast cancer patients treated were collected from 2004 to 2020 in the Radiation Oncology Department of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The log-rank test was used to compare OS based on various factors. Three modeling strategies were considered to examine the patients’ survival using multiple Cox regression models.

The study included 309 patients who met the inclusion criteria; 153 (49.5%) were under 51 years of age. Luminal A intrinsic subtype accounted for 18.8% of cancer patients. Five-and10-yearOSrates were 86% and63%, respectively. Five-and10-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates for nonmetastatic patients were 82% and 60%, respectively. Multiple Cox regression showed that the percentage of the involved dissected lymph nodes, group stage, T-stage, M-stage, locoregional recurrence, and luminal subtype were independent prognostic factors for survival.

Based on the results, the percentage of breast cancer patients under 50 years old is higher in the southeast of Iran compared to Western countries. In addition, the prevalence of the luminal A subtype is lower than in other regions. The survival results were consistent with other studies.

Exercise-induced apoptosis occurs in a variety of tissues.

This study aimed to determine the effects of strawberry extract supplementation on circulating apoptosis biomarkers following a single bout of resistance exercise.

Eighteen healthy young untrained women were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover research. The subjects participated in one resistance exercise session (at 80% 1RM) and underwent 2 wk strawberry extracts (700 mg daily) or maltodextrin. The washout period that separated the treatment periods was 4 wk. Blood samples were taken before supplementation and after 2 wk of the post-resistance exercise session to determine cytochrome c and caspase-3 serum markers.

Resting cytochrome c and caspase-3 concentrations were not significantly different for any strawberry extract supplementation and placebo groups (P > 0.05). Cytochrome c and caspase-3 were significantly elevated after exercise in a placebo (P < 0.05) but not strawberry extract supplementation.

Supplementation with strawberry extract attenuates intense acute exercise-induced apoptosis in healthy women.

An old-aged woman was evaluated with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) vision reduction in his left eye three weeks after the Sinopharm coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. Her best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1m counting finger in the left eye and 10/10 in the right eye. Initial retinal findings were superior retinal hemorrhage with prominent retinal vein dilation and tortuosity in the left eye. Fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) confirmed a BRVO diagnosis. Blood reports showed no abnormalities. Antithrombotic treatment of 80 mg/d low-dose entrocoated ASA was administered. In addition, an intravitreal Aflibercept (Eylea) injection, monthly and ongoing, was prescripted, which led to a decrease in macular edema, retinal hemorrhage, and height of serous retinal detachment. Moreover, theBCVAimproved to 2/10 after a three-week followup.

This case report described a 10-year-old girl injured during a sports accident. Clinical examinations disclosed the extrusion, crown fracture, and subluxation of the anterior teeth of each jaw. At the same time, dental fragments were embedded within the lower lip soft tissue - the projected procedures concerned maintaining pulp vitality and periodontal stability of the fractured teeth with an 18-month follow-up.