نشریه برنامه ریزی و توسعه محیط شهری
پیاپی 9 (بهار 1402)

One of the most important approaches proposed in the last few decades in the field of solving the problems of worn-out urban textures has been the regeneration approach, which organizations related to urban management have taken into consideration. One of the most important challenges in using the regeneration approach in the worn-out textures of the country's cities is the lack of development and implementation of a suitable model. In order to solve this problem, learning from the experiences of large-scale regeneration interventions in different cities and countries of the world can provide lessons for the development of a suitable model for urban regeneration. Based on this, the main goal of the current research is to develop a regeneration model for Chokhourlar neighborhood in Tabriz based on the lessons learned from large-scale urban regeneration interventions and in combination with the norms of Iranian-Islamic society. This neighborhood is one of the worn-out textures of Tabriz city, which has received the attention of the city management for the purpose of regeneration, which has created challenges and problems for both the residents of the neighborhood and the city management. In terms of purpose, this research is in the field of applied research, and in terms of research method, according to the subject and purpose, it is descriptive-analytical. The method of collecting information is also based on library-documentary studies and field studies in the form of observation and interview. In the final compiled model, the effective indicators are explained and the elements and components related to each and the resulting relationships are specified. Finally, it can be said that this model and its structure can play an effective role in urban regeneration when it is accompanied by the real and active participation of all key stakeholders, including residents and relevant institutions.

    Urban regeneration is one of the most important approaches that has received the attention of urban management in the last few decades in order to solve the problems of worn-out textures of cities. One of the most important challenges in using the regeneration approach in the worn-out textures of the country's cities is the lack of development and implementation of a suitable model. In order to solve this problem, learning from the experiences of large-scale regeneration interventions in different cities and countries of the world can provide lessons for the development of a suitable model for urban regeneration. the main goal of the current research is to develop a regeneration model for Chokhourlar neighborhood in Tabriz based on the lessons learned from large-scale urban regeneration interventions and in combination with the norms of Iranian-Islamic society. This neighborhood is one of the worn-out textures of Tabriz city, which has received the attention of the city management for the purpose of regeneration, which has created challenges and problems for both the residents of the neighborhood and the city management. Based on this, in the current research, by studying large-scale regeneration interventions in different cities and countries of the world and extracting the lessons learned from them, we are seeking to develop a model for the regeneration of Chokhourlar neighborhood in Tabriz city, a model that has the best efficiency for both urban management and residents. The most important question of the research is that how and through what process can a suitable model be developed for the purpose of regeneration Chokhourlar neighborhood in Tabriz city?

   In terms of purpose, this research is in the field of applied research, and in terms of research method, according to the subject and purpose, it is descriptive-analytical. The method of collecting information in this research is based on library-document studies and field studies; The library-document method has been used to formulate the theoretical foundations of the research, and in order to investigate and evaluate the area of the study, field studies have been used in the form of observation, interviews, and the opinions of experts related to the research topic. Also, based on studies of theoretical foundations, lessons learned from urban regeneration interventions, as well as the characteristics of the study area, the model of regeneration of Chokhourlar neighborhood of Tabriz city has been compiled.

    The conducted field studies show that the lack of appropriate mechanisms to attract citizens' participation has caused dissatisfaction among the residents of the neighborhood. In the various interviews that were conducted with the residents of the neighborhood, the majority were dissatisfied with the method of acquisition and the expert prices set for their properties and did not consider it fair. Also, some residents of the neighborhood who have been living in this neighborhood for a long time and have a sense of belonging to their place of residence objected to this action of the municipality and expressed their grievances and discomfort. The expectations and problems raised by the residents of the neighborhood indicate the need to pay attention to their role in the process of implementing this plan. Solving these problems and achieving the desired goals of this project, as well as achieving the support of citizens for its implementation, requires having a suitable model of regeneration in different stages of planning and implementing the project, taking into account the interests of the main beneficiaries of the project, i.e. "the people and residents of the neighborhood". and "organizations and institutions" that can play a significant role in the success of the regeneration model compiled for Chokhourlar neighborhood. The proposed final model for the regeneration of Chokhorlar neighborhood in Tabriz city has been developed based on the lessons learned from large-scale urban regeneration interventions and after considering the local and institutional contexts of Iran. In the compiled model, the effective indicators are explained and the elements and components related to each and the resulting relationships are specified. Based on the developed model, the "institutional" and "participatory" components are the initial steps to start the regeneration, which are very important in the structure of this model. The next step is planning and design, which begins with a comprehensive study of the neighborhood and recognition of its capacities and limitations. The last step is the rapid implementation of the regeneration plan, which is one of the most important things that can be learned from the experiences of large-scale regeneration interventions in the studied cities and countries, In such a way that for the success of the developed model for Chokhourlar neighborhood, it is necessary to implement the defined plans and projects quickly.

    The final compiled model, while paying attention to the specific interests that the regeneration projects are looking for, can help to review the existing ideas and processes in the direction of the specified goals. This model also shows how the implementation of a collaborative process can lead to building trust and transparency of the plan and finally reaching the consensus of the key stakeholders of the regeneration plan. This model and its structure can be responsive and responsible for solving the problems and challenges of Chokhourlar neighborhood if it is accompanied by the real and active participation of all the key stakeholders of the regeneration plan, because none of these problems and challenges can be solved without the close cooperation of all stakeholders and especially without attracting The participation of the residents of that neighborhood will not be answered properly. Therefore, by implementing this model and the process defined in it, it is possible to use this regeneration model in the Chokhorlar neighborhood of Tabriz in a targeted manner and with a set of specific frameworks, in a way that achieves faster and better quality results by organizing resources and capacities.

Unbridled expansion of urban centers has increased environmental concerns for citizens. One of the solutions and methods to prevent the destruction of the urban environment is to increase the awareness, attitude and behavior of citizens towards naturalistic dimensions. The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the social indicators effective in the emergence of environmental awareness, behavior and attitudes of the citizens of Bandarlenge city. The information is descriptive-analytical, using the Cochran sampling method, 374 people from the statistical population of Bandarlenge city have been selected as the research sample. Based on previous studies, the variables of this research included the components of environmental behavior (a set of people's actions towards environmental issues), environmental attitude (a set of beliefs and related to the environment) and environmental awareness (knowledge and literacy related to the environment). And the data collection was done by questionnaire method and the data was analyzed using spss software. In order to investigate the relationship between gender and the level of knowledge, attitude and behavior of people, the Mann-Whitney test was used, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to investigate the relationship between the level of education and the mentioned items. The most respondents in terms of gender are women in the age group of 25 to 40, and the most respondents in terms of education are people with bachelor's and master's degrees. The current research showed that despite the existence of proper awareness about the environment, the majority of people have a poor behavior in relation to the environment. Also, environmental awareness cannot guarantee the emergence of appropriate behavior and attitude of people because other conditions such as structural factors, individual ability, experience and habits are also influential in the formation of environmental behaviors.

       Concerns about the environment and the destructive effects that threaten it are increasing, and the unrestrained expansion of urban centers has caused an increase in environmental concerns for citizens, and this issue has become a global issue that has caused the preservation of And environmental protection is considered essential. One of the solutions to prevent damage to the environment and its destruction is to change human behavior in a direction that pays more attention to preserving and expanding nature. In this regard, awareness of environmental issues and individual naturalistic attitude of each person is usually considered a prerequisite for environmental concerns. The first condition is what causes social participation in the environment and how to obtain this awareness and attitude is very important. The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the social indicators effective in the emergence of environmental awareness, behavior and attitudes of the citizens of Bandarlenge city.

      The present study was conducted in Bandarlenge city by descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population includes people in the age range of 15 to 65 years, with a population of 13,330 people and a history of more than 3 years of residence in Bandarlenge city. And by using Cochran's sampling method, with an error level of 5%, 374 people from this statistical population have been selected as the sample size of the research. Collecting data using a four-part questionnaire (individual characteristics, awareness, attitude, behavior) which was reviewed and collected through articles and library sources. Sampling is based on a random method. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests were used in the data analysis in SPSS software.

      According to the obtained information, it was found that the most respondents in terms of gender are women in the age group of 25 to 40, and the most respondents in terms of education are people with bachelor's and master's degrees. Also, the people of Bandarlenge city get most of their environmental information from mass media, especially television and radio, especially illiterate, low-educated, old and middle-aged people, and they get the least amount of information from environmental organizations. To check the environmental knowledge of women and men, the Mann-Whitney statistical test was used. Given that the significance level is higher than 0.05, the null hypothesis is confirmed in all three parts of environmental awareness, attitude and behavior, the significance level is higher than 0.05. and based on this, the obtained results show that men and women did not have significant differences in environmental awareness, attitude and behavior. Of course, in the knowledge section, the average score of women was slightly higher, in the attitude section, the average score of men was slightly higher, and in the behavior section, the average score of women was higher than men. For the difference in environmental awareness, attitude and behavior of citizens in different educational levels, the statistical method used to compare the four groups of sub-diploma, diploma and post-diploma, bachelor and post-graduate, Ph.D. is Cross-Cal-Wallis test. In the awareness section, considering that the level of significance was not significantly different from each other; The average is slightly higher in bachelor's and master's degrees. In the attitude section, considering that the level of significance did not have a significant difference with each other and the average was slightly higher in the bachelor's and master's degrees. In the behavior section, considering that the level of significance did not have a significant difference with each other; And the average was slightly higher in the sub-diploma level. The awareness of 15-18 year olds due to their young age and not having the necessary and sufficient education in the educational levels did not answer properly because the questions are challenging and require training in these fields; In the case of illiterates and primary education, this issue has been observed more strongly; But regarding post-diploma education and above, especially those who had units related to the environment in their academic and university units, they answered the questions of awareness correctly, so it can be concluded that awareness and knowledge about the environment is necessary and this awareness depends on individuals. They have knowledge of men in this field. It should be mentioned that questions related to awareness are questions that require environmental literacy. According to the findings, the attitude and behavior of the people of Bandarlenge city is estimated to be good, but there are some other important points, such as, it is true that some people (primary education and even illiterate) have less environmental literacy. But they have acted completely differently in the emergence of environmentalist behavior and attitude. In other words, it can be said that the elderly and illiterate people, compared to the educated and younger ones, had a better performance in preserving, maintaining, restoring and creating a better environment in the city, as well as being more enthusiastic and active and even using new methods in creating the city environment.

      The present study showed that despite the awareness and appropriate attitude of the citizens of Bandarlenge towards the environmental situation, it has not led to environmental protection behaviors. Also, environmental awareness cannot guarantee the emergence of appropriate behavior and attitude of people because other conditions such as structural factors, individual ability, experience and habits are also influential in the formation of environmental behaviors and according to the information obtained, it was found that those who They have higher education, they do not necessarily have environmental attitude and behavior. It was also found that the elderly perform better in relation to the environment, which they knew due to their long years of experience and the information obtained from mass media, especially television and radio. Also, this performance was observed in students who worked much more and patiently to preserve the environment and considered maintaining and expanding a healthy environment as a priority. In order to improve the status of social indicators affecting the environmental conditions of Bandarlenge city and similar cities in the country, it is suggested to create a platform for residents to communicate and interact with each other and finally to interact with managers and planners and establish two-way communication between people and decision makers, as well as for Creating awareness and knowledge of the environment, which are effective factors on responsible behavior, should be done through public education for the use of mass communication tools and environmental conferences, which will provide grounds for compiling articles, proposals, compositions and scientific initiatives of students in the society.

With the arrival of modernism in the cities of Iran and in parallel with the development process of globalization, commercial spaces have found a new structure and replaced the commercial space in the form of malls (large-scale shopping centers). Also, the behavior of space users according to the changing role of A city has been transformed and consumption behavior is considered as one of the behaviors of society. so; Identifying the components of the formation of urban spaces in large-scale shopping centers with an emphasis on the consumption behavior of the contemporary era is the main goal of this article. The nature of the topic and research objectives, the ruling approach of this research is "descriptive-explanatory" and "fundamental". The research method is qualitative. According to data collection, a survey method has been used, and interviews have been used as the main tool for data collection. The statistical population includes all users of the space in Ekbatan Megamall, Tehran. According to the theoretical saturation level, the sample size was 30 people in the form of focus groups of 5-6 people randomly. The results of the research indicate that the difference in behavior compared to the past and also compared to the styles of behavior in other traditional markets was considered as another characteristic of megamalls and malls, so that the effects of the malls' space on the nature and quality of the movements and gestures of young people can be seen. And it is a space that encourages consumption and reproduces and organizes this kind of exercise of power within wanderings and unwritten rules by means of the mass volume of showcases, commercial advertisements.

Today, urban spaces have undergone changes due to the change in the lifestyle of citizens on the one hand and the introduction of modernity into urban planning on the other hand, and this is the case that knowing the values, abilities and potentials of contemporary urban spaces can lead to the development and improvement of economic conditions., social, cultural and physical of the city and citizens. Also, New approaches to shopping and consumption as a form of leisure have caused new structures of commercial, service-entertainment spaces in the world, one of which is large-scale commercial centers (megamalls). On the other hand, with the arrival of modernism in the cities of Iran and in parallel with the development process of globalization, the commercial spaces have been extended from the market to the street and gradually transformed into arcades next to the commercial streets, and then hypermarkets with greater concentration and variety. In order to attract different groups of people, they came to work and now this transformation has found a new structure and replaced the commercial space in the form of goods. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to explain the effects of contemporary consumption behavior in the formation of urban spaces in large-scale shopping centers, and in this regard, the main question of the research is as follows: "What are the effects of contemporary consumption behavior in the formation of urban spaces in large-scale shopping centers?"

The present research, in terms of method, is "descriptive-explanatory”. The research method is qualitative. According to data collection, survey and interview methods have been used as the main tools. The statistical population includes all the users of the space in Megamall, Ekbatan, Tehran. For the purpose of interviews, for the qualitative analysis of the data, the random sampling method was used, and the sample size was 30 people according to the theoretical saturation level in the form of focus groups. 5-6 people have been selected. The analysis has been done based on Carspecken analysis in the following stages: compilation and initial registration of data; analysis and preliminary restorative analysis of data; Dialogue-oriented data production: description of structural relationships; description and explanation of structural relationships obtained from the findings.

Qualitative findings showed that Ekbatan Megamall, as one of the modern commercial spaces, has provided a platform for space users whose age range is 18-35 years, where "showing themselves" and "roaming" are among their obvious goals. The existence of malls and megamalls in cities leads to It has created a new kind of cultural, social and economic experience of the space, which will also cause the development of the consumerism pattern. Also, Megamall Ekbatan commercial complex as a case study in this thesis can be referred to as a consumption space in which the lifestyle, the desires, thoughts and ideals of different space users are idols of traditional commercial spaces and even arcades and can define a new identity of urban spaces in which the needs of users and their presence are different from other spaces. The production of commercial consumption spaces based on the new needs of users, emphasizing the large-scale commercial complex of Ekbatan, is described as follows: this commercial space is a space not for production but for consumption, and as a modern urban space where fashion is one of the characteristics Space users in a way that makes the representational space of "users' experience area or youth roaming" full of power and procedures contrary to the behavioral pattern of users in other commercial spaces, can be discussed and investigated

Concluding remarks of this study, Malls and mega-malls provided an arena for the presence and expression of modern citizens' behaviors, which are similar to things like loitering (showing boys and girls to attract attention, walking calmly and rhythmically without a goal, spending free time), consumer images (signs encouraging consumption, bank banners). investment incentive, this is the same as happiness and bank profit, boutique window decorations), and fashionism (different clothing of users in this space, use of brand and different clothes in these spaces, desire and pretending to buy, desire to use different makeup in girls, The tendency to use different hairstyles in boys, fashionable clothes) that these factors caused the creation of contemporary urban spaces with an approach beyond economic and behavioral exchange.

Development of urbanization and consequently, the physical development of cities, has created problems in the urban space that threaten its inhabitants and urban life. Sustainable urban development has been one of the most important issues in urban communities regarding the solution of current and future problems of cities and consists of various levels, such as architecture, urban neighborhoods, to sustainable global development. In fact, a sustainable city is a place where most of its residents are satisfied with living in the city. If housing (as one of the important factors of sustainable urban development) is unhealthy, the health and quality of life of a wide range of people in society and consequently the health of the city is endangered. The purpose of this study is to investigate health issue, in housing, extracting physical components and their relationship with architectural and urban policies. The research method is descriptive-analytical and with the help of a questionnaire with 20 items in three areas of physical, mental and social health, information was collected and using SPSS software to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. The results indicated that the hypotheses were correct. The results show that among the health indicators in housing, "security" in all three Health indicators is a priority for residents, Also, people pay more attention to "mental health" than the other two indicators of health, and it seems that mental health is the first priority of their needs. Among the extracted components, security, landscape, light, noise pollution, light pollution and visual pollution, climate and health, green space, in addition to the need to pay attention to these components in architectural environmental policies, their intensity and weakness in housing design and the issue of health is directly related to urban environmental policies. The results of this study and knowledge of health indicators are useful for architects, urban designers and urban planners, so that they can improve the quality of life, social health and ultimately sustainable development of the city through the policies of the architectural and urban environment.

The development of urbanization and the subsequent physical development of cities have created problems in the urban space in such a way that it threatens its inhabitants and the continuity of urban life. Sustainable urban development has been one of the most important topics of the day in urban communities regarding the solution of current and future problems of cities. This issue is raised at various levels from the architecture of regions and neighborhoods to the sustainable development of cities and sustainable global development. In fact, a sustainable city is a place where most of its residents are satisfied with living in the city. If housing (as one of the important factors of sustainable urban development) is unhealthy, the health and quality of life of a wide range of people in society and consequently the health of the city is endangered. The growing rate of urban population and the expansion of urbanization in recent decades on the one hand and the increase in demand for housing, lack of suitable land and high prices on the other hand, have led people to apartment life. This lifestyle, which is almost the only possible way to live in urban communities, in addition to solving some problems, also has consequences, the most important of which are: vitamin D deficiency, overweight, increased rates of Spiritual, mental and physical illness. Therefore, it seems that the issue of health and its various threats are among the most important problems of life in apartment complexes and sustainable urban development, which in this article is the main issue of research. The purpose of this study is to investigate the issue of health in housing, and their relationship in architectural and urban policies.

The present study is a descriptive-analytical method based on a survey process that has been conducted among the residents of apartment houses with a density of 4 to 8 floors in Shiraz. Sampling was done by cluster sampling and randomly. The sample size was selected based on Cochran's formula of 384 people. Research tool in this research, a questionnaire with 20 items consisting of three sections of physical health, mental health, and social health was selected based on the research (Table 1) and the answer was based on the Likert scale. Data analysis tool was SPSS software and Friedman test was used to analyze the data. 

As mentioned in this study, 384 residents of apartment houses in Shiraz were studied. Their questionnaire was compiled in three areas of mental health, physical health and social health. Residents' preferences for the presence of health components in their apartments were also analyzed and two hypotheses were tested.Hypothesis 1: The "security and safety" component in all three areas of physical, mental and social health seems to be a key indicator in residents' preferences.Hypothesis 2: Among the three aspects of health, "mental health" is a priority for residents. Both hypotheses were confirmed in this study.

The aim of this study was to analyze the components of health in all three dimensions of physical, mental and social, in housing, as one of the aspects of sustainable urban development. The results indicate that the component of "security and safety" in all aspects of physical, mental and social health, had the highest average level of preferences. Also, according to the results of this article, it seems that among the three dimensions of physical, mental and social health, people pay more attention to "mental health" and this aspect of health is the first priority of their needs, it seems that, The reason for this result, is people’s need to "relax" at home, which especially in contemporary urban life, has become the most important concern and expectation of people from their homes. The issue of peace and calm in the home, both mentally and emotionally, is an issue that affects the quality of life of residents, which is caused by various conditions.The results of this study introduce the components of "mental health" in housing 11 items, which include: attention to building security, reducing noise pollution, light or visual, suitable landscape, attention to the dimensions of the house and spaces, number of rooms, sound privacy And visual privacy, separation of private and public spaces in the building, the existence of relaxing spaces, flexibility, providing natural and artificial light in order to produce peace of mind and use of green space. In fact, these components are indicators in the field of mental health that can bring relaxation at home. Also, key indicators in the field of "physical health" include 4 components, which include: attention to physical security (safety) of the building, including structures and earthquakes, fire and firefighting, attention to climate issues such as natural light, building hygiene and cleanliness, open spaces (Terrace or yard or roof) In order to increase physical activity and prevent respiratory diseases. Also, "social health" indicators include 5 components and the most important of them include: security, the existence of space for all family members to communicate and interact with each other, and the design of spaces for communication and interaction with neighbors and interaction with each other. These indicators can be very important in health policies and disease prevention and intervention. Among the extracted components, security, landscape, light, noise pollution, light pollution and visual pollution, climate and health, in addition to the need to pay attention to these components in architectural environmental policies, their intensity and weakness in housing design and the issue of health is directly related to urban environmental policies. Undoubtedly, health and development are closely related and enjoying physical, mental and social health is an individual and social right of every individual. Also, having a healthy body and soul is one of the basic infrastructures for the comprehensive development of any society.

Examining the role of individual variables in the relationship between social capital and environmental behaviors of citizens of Jam city     Abstract       The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of individual variables in the relationship between social capital and environmental behaviors of citizens of Jam city. This research is descriptive and correlational in terms of applied purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical population included all citizens over 18 years of age in Jam city. The sample size was 397 people randomly selected based on Morgan table. The tools used in this research are standard environmental behavior questionnaires (Zare Shahabadi and colleagues, 2017), social capital (Gorji Karsami, 2016). Smart PLS 2 statistical software was used to analyze the data. The results showed that in the relationship between the dimensions of social capital and environmental behaviors of citizens, individual variables have a moderating role. Also, the results showed that the relationship between the dimensions of social capital, ie social interaction, social trust, social participation and environmental behaviors. Environmental, positive and meaningful.

     In today's advanced society, organizations need compassionate and responsible forces in order to improve their level and achieve their goals, which sometimes go beyond the goals and aspirations of the organization and behave beyond their duties. Voluntary, and beneficial efforts today are referred to as citizen-centered behaviors or environmental behaviors. The relationship between the environment and social capital is one of the new topics that has been considered by environmental researchers. Environmental protection is an essential issue for sustainable development, and its enforcement power is largely due to individual environmental protection behavior (Fangshe, 2021:1). Researchers believe that the levels of social capital have a significant effect on environmental behaviors and environmental protection, and environmental behaviors of individuals and their desire to preserve the environment depend on personality, status and social capacities in society (Azadkhani et al, 2020:1). Jam city with a rich historical and cultural background and people of different Iranian ethnicities, is located in the south of Bushehr province and due to its environmental characteristics and natural attractions can be an important tourism hub in the region with scientific management and planning.This city differs from other cities in the province in terms of climate due to its mountainous nature, distance from the sea and suitable altitude, and unlike other cities, it has a milder climate. Unfortunately, Jam city today has problems such as air pollution (caused by Fajr jam Gas Refining Company, Nar and Kangan operations area, gas pressure boosting station, Ghadir repair yard, crushers and asphalt factory), river floods, floods and so on. Such dumping of waste has occurred in villages and natural areas and has found a vulnerable structure. Given the above, the importance of research in this area seems necessary. This study seeks to determine whether individual variables in the relationship between social capital and environmental behaviors of citizens of Jam city play a moderating role? 

      This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and correlational in terms of data collection. In order to collect research data, a questionnaire was also used. The questions of the questionnaire were of the five-choice Likert scale (very little to very much) and were distributed to the respondents in person. The statistical population consists of people over 18 years old living in Jam city, according to Morgan's table, the sample number was 397 people. Questionnaires will be distributed randomly among citizens over 18 years of age. The tools used in this research are standard environmental behavior questionnaires (Zare Shahabadi and colleagues, 2017), social capital (Gorji Karsami, 2016). Due to the standardization of the questionnaires, its validity and reliability were examined using factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha, and all of them were confirmed. In this research, the individual variables of gender, occupation and level of education were considered.

       After implementing the PLS algorithm, each path coefficient in the PLS structural model can be considered equivalent to a standardized beta coefficient in regression or correlation coefficient of two structures. Structural paths whose sign agrees with the algebraic sign of the previous hypotheses provide empirical validity to theoretical assumptions about the relationships between latent variables. Positive path coefficients indicate positive effects and negative path coefficients indicate negative effects. Coefficients should be greater than 0.6 and values ​​less than 0.4 should be considered inappropriate and should be removed from the set of indicators. Also, the significance of path coefficients is determined by statistical t. In this way, the values ​​must be out of range (1.96, -0.96). The results are shown in Figures 3, 2 and 4. The results of the analysis for the moderating role of this hypothesis show a path coefficient of 0.163 and a statistical t of 2.938 (greater than 1.96) and an effect intensity of 0.05, therefore It can be said with 95% confidence that individual variables play a moderating role in the relationship between social capital and environmental behaviors of the citizens of Jam city. Considering the path coefficient of 0.408 and statistical t shows 34,000 (more than 1.96), so with 0.95 confidence we can say that there is a significant relationship between social interaction and environmental behaviors of citizens of Jam city and This type of relationship is direct and positive. According to the path coefficient of 0.405 and statistical t shows 32.717 (more than 1.96), so with 0.95 confidence we can say that there is a significant relationship between social trust and environmental behaviors of citizens of Jam city and the type This is a direct and positive relationship. According to the path coefficient of 0.288 and statistical t shows 20.861 (more than 1.96), so with 0.95 confidence we can say that there is a significant relationship between social participation and environmental behaviors of citizens of Jam city. And the type of this relationship is direct and positive.

      As the results of the study showed and confirmed, individual variables such as gender, education and occupation have a moderating role in the relationship between social capital and environmental behaviors, that is, they strengthen or reduce it. Social participation is an important issue that is being addressed these days. Therefore, the higher the social participation of individuals, the greater the impact on their environmental behaviors. In other words, there is a direct relationship between social participation and environmental behaviors. The higher the social participation of individuals, the higher their environmental behaviors will be. Social participation is a very important dimension of social capital that is created or strengthened by social trust and social interactions. The results obtained for this hypothesis are in line with the results of Van and Doo (2022), Feng Shu et al. (2021), Ongelinas & Jones (2019), Azad khani et al. (1399), Gholami et al. (1399). By considering individual variables and paying more attention to them, city managers can take action to protect the environment and also create and promote positive environmental behaviors among citizens. By creating more trust between themselves and the people, as well as involving people in social activities, city and country managers can provide the ground for the participation of as many people in the community as possible. It is suggested that a study be conducted on the subject of environmental activities among different strata and classes of society and the effects they can have on other people in society. Also identify educational programs for environmental education of future generations and children and adolescents.

City parks are one of the spaces for breathing, family rest and children's entertainment, as well as a place for teaching social skills. Children's play space is known as a dynamic, active space and a place for children to be present and focus, so that they can release their emotions and energy in these spaces and learn part of life skills. The compatibility of children's play space with its design components such as location, placement, desirability, safety and security, children's playground furniture is a subject that has been less addressed and requires more attention in the field of management, planning and urban design. This article aims to explain the effective components of design in children's playgrounds in public parks. Descriptive-analytical research method is mainly descriptive and inferential statistics (Variance and Pearson). The results of the research showed that the design components of children's playgrounds in public parks in the four cities of Zanjan are relatively lower than the leveled average and tend to be unfavorable. Also, the geographical distance, economic and social context of the location of the parks are not very effective in the degree of compliance with the principles of playground design, and the parks have the same conditions in terms of the design status. Among the design components of the children's playground, the safety and security component of the ground was found to be the most important design components. Between the level of safety and security components and the presence of children in the playground, with a confidence factor of 95% and a significance level of Sig: 0.000, with a correlation value of 0.640 for safety and 0.720 for the security component, which shows the relationship It is significant with a strong and positive direction.

Regeneration of urban economy Led can be referred to the thinking of financing and urban investment, which as an important concept in urban planning and developmental planning, new and necessary thinking about providing practical models and indicators for the regeneration of cities that economic issues and They have urban investment.The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical. According to the problem of the present research, while examining citations, indicators and criteria, concepts and patterns extracted from the theoretical foundations section through content analysis and the technique and method of qualitative analysis (theme analysis) in the main axis of the research using coding (interpretation) and software Bibliography(VOSviewer)has been used as a measurement tool. The data collection of this research is in the form of documents (library).The statistical community includes scientific articles written in English in reputable journals, including articles or review articles published in ScienceDirect and Scopus in a 12-year period (2010 to 2022) with these specifications in these databases.Yes, they were carefully examined. The results of the research method and model and analysis of the content of the research show;(3) thematic keyword as a component,(53) keyword as the research index/criteria and(6) thematic keyword as research patterns, "supporting urban investment, Attracting public and private partnerships in financing the city, the method of financing the main infrastructure of the city, measuring the economic and financial status of the cities, financial management of the government in line with the green economy, accountability and transparency of the local government in the field of finance and investment" as models influencing The planning process of financing and urban investment is the basis of economic regeneration.Extended Abstract      Regeneration of urban economy Led can be referred to the thinking of financing and urban investment, which as an important concept in urban planning and developmental planning, new and necessary thinking about providing practical models and indicators for the regeneration of cities that economic issues and They have urban investment. It fosters the regeneration of cities that have economic and urban investment issues and have the necessary capabilities and potentials in order to be more modernized, so it is important to address the present research from the point of view of explaining the patterns, themes and Indicators of economic-led regeneration on financing and discretionary investment according to the latest and new study and research trend at the global level, also according to the fact that cities are facing financial crises and providing multiple funds as a result of solving problems, reducing disadvantages and problems It is important in this area. This research, while reviewing the concepts and theories of financing and urban investment and urban regeneration, presents patterns, themes and indicators of urban investment, emphasizing the economy-based dimension in management programs of sustainable regeneration through bibliographic method and content analysis of reliable scientific research sources. It examines the world up to date. The qualitative method and examination of the latest researches and global issues to determine and compile effective patterns, themes and indicators in the direction of the development of the economy-led is proposed as the innovation of this research, which has been carried out for the first time in the form of university research in Iran.       The nature of the methodology of the current research is developmental based on the result and descriptive-analytical based on the nature, purpose and method. According to the problem of the present research, while examining citations, indicators and criteria, concepts and patterns extracted from the theoretical foundations section through content analysis and qualitative analysis technique (theme analysis) in the main focus of the research using coding (interpretation) and bibliographic software (VOSviewer) in the title, abstract, keyword, text and results of articles in English in reputable journals, including articles or reviews published in ScienceDirect and Scopus, in total (241) documents in the period There is a 12-year period (2010 to 2022) with these specifications in these databases. By reviewing the articles, the number of (17) articles that had the most subject and content related to the title of the current research were carefully examined.      In order to refine the conceptual framework of this research, from master's studies including books, internationally recognized scientific articles to searching and examining the research background by reviewing the articles, the number of (17) articles that had the most thematic and content related to the title of the current research were carefully examined. The highest number of articles and scientific documents published in this period is related to the year (2021) and is related to research articles with (54 percent). The largest number of articles in this field are dedicated to America, China, and England in terms of geographic territory. Also, the largest number of articles in the field of research were authored by "Wohcik.D", "Derudder.B", "Morano.P". Based on the content and qualitative analysis and review of Table No.(1),the results of the coding show(55) criteria/indicators, (12)themes (content and procedures) and (5) the main component of "social, economic, environmental". It is political and administrative, physical. The results of secondary analysis and extracted from primary coding are reviewed in table number(3).      To evaluate and compile and analyze the components, patterns, indicators/criteria, themes and concepts extracted from the coding and analysis of the qualitative content of urban financing and investment in re-creating the base economy in line with the results of in-depth analyzes carried out in numerous scientific sources and The theme network shows that the most important categories affecting the research (3) are thematic keywords as the concept of "attractiveness of attracting and providing capital in the city, improving the economic and financial process of investment in the city, paying attention to transparent and responsive management in the field of investment and providing Finance of the city "(53) keywords as research indicators and (6) subject keywords as research models" supporting urban investment, attracting public and private partnerships in financing the city, the method of financing the main infrastructure of the city, measuring the situation economic and financial of cities, financial management of the government in line with the green economy, accountability and transparency of the local government in the field of finance and investment.