نشریه مطالعاتی در مدیریت بانکی و بانکداری اسلامی
پیاپی 20 (پاییز 1401)

The purpose of this study is to describe and evaluate the role of the Post Bank of Iran in the rural money market. Rural areas constitute a quarter of the population and at least one sixth of the country's Gross Domestic Product. The development of the money market plays a central role in improving the economic share of the village and its sustainable development. Almost 8.8 million people are directly covered by banking services. The direct population coverage ratio is 43.5 percent, and the total coverage ratio is 85 percent. Furthermore, the access penetration rate (i.e., the number of banking tools available for every 100 rural people) has reached 21 percent, which means that for every 5 people, there is at least one means of accessing banking services. About 12.2 million rural people have bank accounts in this bank, so the financial inclusion rate has reached 60 percent. Estimates indicate that this bank plays a role for 27 percent of the rural money market. In addition, it has attracted 3.6 percent of rural deposits. This has resulted in economic opportunities on the one hand, and economic and social cost-savings on the other. The total cost of economic and social opportunities for the expansion of financial inclusion in rural areas is about 172,1 thousand billion Rials, and the total direct incomes generated in these areas are equal to 27.4 thousand billion Rials. Therefore, the total economic and social opportunity costs together with the direct incomes are estimated at 199.5 thousand billion Rials.

The development of technology has always been associated with positive effects and has significantly improved the quality of life of users. The banking industry is also inevitably affected by this development. Despite such problems as some low-speed services, a small variety of products and services, and the immense cost of providing banking services, it seems that in order to improve performance and reduce costs, it is vital to make more use of emerging financial technologies. This study, spanning from 2016 to 2020 and using the generalized method of moments, investigated the effects of the emergence of new financial technologies in banks. These technologies involve the new generation mobile applications (CDA), the open banking project (FT), the ratio of accumulated profit to income (BM), and the volume of non-performing loans (NPL) on profitability indicators such as return on equity before tax (RE) and return on assets before tax (RA). The investigation took into account both state and private banks. The results indicate that the change in the ratio of accumulated profit/loss to the total assets, the change in the use of new generation mobile application services by customers, and the time when banks started working with open banking platforms have a positive effect on the profitability index of state and private banks. The findings also show that the ratio of non- non-performing loans have a negative impact on this index. In addition, the impact of customers' use of the new generation of mobile application services and the time when banks started working with open banking platforms were greater in private banks compared to state banks

Given the increasing progress of the banking industry and the increasing impact of this industry on economic growth and development, examining various aspects of how banks perform helps in identifying problems and managing them better. As the value of bank assets of Iran and that of Malaysia are similar, and since the Islamic banking system of Malaysia operates on a global and comprehensive scale, the present research evaluates and compares the banking systems of Iran and Malaysia based on sixteen performance indicators, introduced in the Research Center of the Islamic Consultative parliament from 2015 to 2019. The data were collected from the financial statements of 27 Iranian banks and 49 Malaysian banks. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test revealed a normal distribution of the sampled data. To analyze the hypotheses, the researchers ran a t-test on the two independent data samples. The results showed that the Malaysian banks have performed better in terms of capital quality, profitability, and employee efficiency in managing bank debts and using the bank capacity to generate income and increase profitability for the shareholders. On the other hand, Iranian banks have performed better in terms of leverage ratios, interests paid to deposits, operating margin, loans to assets ratio, and attracting time deposits.

The responsibility of the internal control system in any organization lies with the management of that organization, and one of the most important internal controls that is implemented today in most large companies in developed countries is internal audit. This control has a significant bearing on meeting the needs of users of the results of internal audit operations. Therefore, the present study has investigated the effectiveness of internal audit in Sepeh Bank has been investigated. The statistical population of this study was composed of financial, banking, and credit employees, financial and administrative managers, and administrative and financial assistants of Sepeh Bank. The sample included 140 people selected from this population, and the hypotheses were tested on the responses of these people. The data was collected through a questionnaire. The Cronbach's alpha method was used to measure the reliability of this tool. Moreover, in order to analyze the data, the researchers employed both descriptive statistical methods, such as calculating means and standard deviations, and inferential statistics, e.g., correlations between research variables and Pearson's rank analyses. The software packages used for data analysis were SPSS 19 and Eviuse 7. The results indicate that the effectiveness of internal audit in Sepeh Bank is acceptable.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effects of the contactless card and the mobile wallet on the use of electronic money. The research is applied in pursuing this purpose, and the method is a descriptive-survey one. The data was collected by distributing a questionnaire among 393 customers in 7 chain stores in the 1st district of Tehran. The collected data was analyzed through the structural equation modeling approach using AMOS and SPSS software packages. According to the results, the presence and use of contactless cards and mobile wallets have a significant positive effect on the amount of electronic money use. Considering that contactless cards are mostly used in the area of transportation in Iran, the researchers to recommend that service providers to increase the variety of using this tool in electronic payments. Moreover, with regard to the low level of security of mobile wallets, it is necessary for payment service providers to increase the security of mobile wallet payments by investing and creating the necessary technical infrastructure and developing the Internet, as well as establishing strict rules and regulations in the field of e-commerce implementation.

In this study, the level of bank customer loyalty has been investigated through modeling and simulation of electronic management of customer relationship. The research method is descriptive and analytical. The research context includes Tejarat Bank branches in Tehran and the data were collected through semi-structured interviews through the Delphi technique. The approach used in this research is dynamic systems, which is one of the most well-known methods for analyzing complex systems. This approach, using systems thinking, discovers the problems of complex systems by means of mathematical modeling. Due to the dynamic nature of analyses, on the one hand, the range of problems in complex systems is defined well, and on the other hand, the current situation and the desired state are presented based on computational analyses. This approach is a methodology for studying and managing complex feedback systems such as existing systems in the field of business, economic systems, population studies, and other social systems. Models are made from the combination of diagrams, graphs, and equations. Moreover, how variables change over time is represented. The research results show that in order to survive in the competitive conditions of the current market, Tejarat Bank should move in a direction where the four factors of electronic banking, customer support, security, and surplus services will be promoted. Knowing and understanding the system factors and how they affect the entire system is very important. Using the dynamic systems method provides this possibility well.