نشریه دانش انتظامی مازندران
سال سیزدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 51، زمستان 1401)

The managers' leadership style influences success in time for services of Faraja employees. On the other hand, the procrastination of employees has serious costs. The objective of this research is to investigate the role of the leadership style of commanders and managers on employees’ procrastination. The research is practical in terms of purpose, descriptive and correlational in terms of method, and field survey in terms of data collection approach. The statistical population is made up of all employees of the police command headquarters in Noor and Mahmudabad. The statistical sample contains 181 individuals using the Krejcie and Morgan table. Hersey-Blanchard's standard leadership style questionnaire and Schwartz-Diehl's employee procrastination questionnaire were used for data collection. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the respected professors and its reliability was obtained using Cronbach alpha for the leadership style questionnaire and procrastination questionnaire 0.76 and 0.78 respectively. Also, the statistical correlation tests, regression, and Friedman's test were used for data analysis by SPSS software. The findings of the paper indicate the significant impact of leadership style on employees' procrastination. Furthermore, leadership style dimensions have a positive influence on employees' procrastination. According to Friedman's test, the highest mean is allocated to the command style, followed by the delegation style, the participatory style, and finally the justification style.

Economic security is one of the characteristics of countries' development. Endangering economic security causes damage to other security areas (social security, political security, etc). One of the factors threatening economic security is virtual currencies, which are an innovative phenomenon. Therefore, this research deals with "the effect of virtual (digital) currencies on the sense of economic security of the Mazandaran citizens".

This work is quantitative and the data was obtained through a survey approach. To collect the information, a researcher-made questionnaire tool is employed, as well as a multi-stage cluster sampling strategy according to the sample size. The statistical society is made by all the citizens living in Mazandaran province who use virtual currencies and have great knowledge about them. In addition, Cochran formula is operated to evaluate the sample size. The number of samples was 384, but for a better factor of safety, the final number of samples is 400. The data acquired from the distribution and collection of questionnaires was analyzed via "SPSS" software and descriptive and inferential statistics.

The findings of this research indicate that the effect of the independent variable of virtual currencies on the sense of economic security is significant. Also, it can demonstrate 22.2% of the changes of the mentioned dependent variable. The beta coefficient implies that the effect of the virtual currency variable on the sense of economic security is -0.461 and the influence direction is negative.

The sense of economic security of Mazandaran citizens is affected by virtual currencies. Even though virtual currencies are a positive technological phenomenon, they have a negative effect on the sense of economic security of citizens.

 In the prevention and reduction of drug crimes in Iran, several organizations are responsible. This work is done with the aim of "identifying the organizations' allocation in Mazandaran province".

This research was conducted using a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) method.</strong> The qualitative part of this research is based on the analysis of the laws, regulations, instructions, and duty description of the responsible organizations in the prevention of drug crimes and it has been examined in total. The statistical population of the quantitative part of this research includes the employees of ten executive, judicial, legislative, public, and military/police organizations in Mazandaran. They were responsible for the prevention and reduction of drug crimes during the completion of the work (autumn and winter of 1401). 150 employees of these devices were selected in a stratified random manner as a quantitative sample.

The examination demonstrates the role of ten organizations in preventing drug crimes. The Friedman test indicates a substantial difference between the averages obtained for the allocation of organizations at a significance level (0.002). These functions are as follow: Provincial Police Command (4.4254), General Department of Culture and Islamic Guidance (4.3955), The Welfare Organization (4.3719), Basij (4.3518), Judiciary (4.3514), Universities and Educational Institutions (4.345), Education and Breeding (4.305), General Directorate of Prisons (4.2722), Governorate (4.2232) and Radio-Television (4.1939).

 In order to prevent drug crimes, all the involved organizations should play their roles according to their duties. The biggest allocation is related to the police command and the lowest is linked to the radio and television organization. If all the responsible organizations cooperate with the police command of Mazandaran province, this command can be successful in carrying out this task.

Theft is one of the most common social anarchies in all societies, especially urban societies. In this regard, the fear and anxiety of people about becoming the victim of a theft crime has increased in parallel with it. Like any other crime, theft has altered in terms of quantity and quality. It has changed in different forms in every place and time in terms of diversity. Also, it occurs day in and day out. The objective of this work is to analyze the criminology of theft from private places. The research is practical in terms of purpose; it is descriptive-correlational in terms of method; and in terms of data collection, it is a survey research. The statistical population is the commanders and intelligence experts of Babol, Sari, Amol, and Qa'emshahr Cities, and the statistical sample consists of 59 individuals using the Karjesi Morgan table. Data collection was done by designing a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaires is confirmed by the respected professors and its reliability is obtained via the Cronbach alpha formula about 0.86 and 0.86 respectively. The method of data analysis is based on structural equations using Smart_PLS and SPSS software. The findings of data analysis showed that environmental factors (with factors of environmental design, nature of the area, and lighting and surveillance system), background factors (with factors of family control, area management, and weaknesses in area control), social factors (with factors of social structure weaknesses and class gap), and economic factors (with factors of job problems and income inequality) affect the theft occurrence from private places.

Military forces are very important as human forces that protect the security of any country. Also, postural anomalies and musculoskeletal disorders are fundamental issues in military organs that should be taken into consideration. The purpose of this work is to scrutinize the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in shift workers of the Police Command in Sari City.

This article is a descriptive-sectional work that was conducted in the year 1400 on 50 shift workers who were randomly selected. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in people was investigated through demographic and Nordic standard questionnaires. Also, for data analysis, the 24th version of SPSS software is employed.

 The results of the Nordic questionnaire indicates that the highest prevalence of musculoskeletal pain during the last 12 months in shift workers is related to the waist (72%), knee (66%), neck (64%), and shoulder (56%). In addition, the results revealed that there is a significant relationship between age and employment history of people with waist pain (P≤0.05). Also, a significant connection is observed between body mass and ankle pain indices (P≤0.05).

 Musculoskeletal pains are common in military shift workers. Considering that military organs play a significant role in ensuring the security of countries, therefore it is important to pay attention to their health and necessary ergonomic measures should be taken in this regard.

This research discussed the legal responsibility of judicial officers towards the suspects in the east of Mazandaran province.

The statistical population of this study includes all judicial officers in the east of Mazandaran province, whose size is approximately about 350 individuals. The sample size is 181 individuals using the Cochran formula. This article is descriptive-analytical in terms of method, and it is conducted via an inductive-hypothesis approach. The information collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 30 questions, whose items are founded on the objectives, to evaluate the research.

The findings indicate that according to the value of T; 8.998, 15.255, 16.824, 14.345; 13.663, respectively in steps of arrest and summons, interrogation and research, inspection and investigation, being under observation, and sending and farewell, it has shown that the responsibility of judicial officers in the stage of arresting and summoning the suspects and the significance level (sig) is less than 0.05 has a significant effect.

The research results demonstrated that after analyzing the data using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and statistical analysis tests with SPSS software, between the legal responsibility of judicial officers in the stages of arrest and summons, interrogation, inspection and search of homes, places, and objects, control (being under observation) and sending and escorting the suspects in the east of Mazandaran province.