Iranian Journal of Blood and Cancer
Volume:15 Issue: 1, Mar 2023

 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a common type of leukemia in children, accounting for about 30% of pediatric malignancies. Researchers aimed to assess the impact of chemotherapy drugs and Thiosemicarbazone complexes on the expression of URHC and CASC15 LncRNAs in Jurkat E6.1 cell line, which represents Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Thiosemicarbazone complexes are a group of chemical compounds known for their antitumor activities.

Optimal doses of chemotherapy drugs and thiosemicarbazone complexes were prepared and administered to the cell line at different time points (24, 48, and 72 hours). RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed, and the expression of URHC, CASC15, and GAPDH genes was measured using Real-time PCR. Statistical analysis was conducted on the obtained results.

The study found that complex 3, a combination of two chemotherapy drugs (Cytarabine and 6MP) at specific concentrations (1 mM and 5 mM, respectively), significantly reduced the expression of URHC after 72 hours. Similarly, treatment with Arac at 5 mM for 72 hours showed the most effective concentration and time for decreasing the expression of CASC15 LncRNAs.

In conclusion, the research demonstrated that the studied drugs had a positive impact on reducing the expression of CASC15 and URHC onco-lncRNAs. However, the optimal effects varied depending on the concentrations and treatment durations. These findings highlight the potential of the examined drugs in targeting specific LncRNAs associated with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

A Kikuchi–Fujimoto Disease (KFD) is a benign, self-limiting lymphadenopathy condition which mostly diagnosed by a pathologist due to a lymph node biopsy. In this study, we tried to report a case of KFD in a 38-year-old Iranian woman. Furthermore, an evaluation of some genetic polymorphisms in the patient’s peripheral blood was performed.

The patient was a 38-year-old female with a background of systemic lupus erythematosus, hypertension, hypothyroidism, and type 2 diabetes. The patient was under antibiotic treatment which was without any results. So she was referred to the rheumatology department for more evaluation. The patient went through various tests, Furthermore, the lymph node biopsy confirmed KFD. We could not find the EBV genome in the patient’s serum. The polymorphisms evaluation revealed wild-type alleles in all rs78460947 in OR8U8, rs34068039 in RIOX1, rs2799077 in ZSCAN26, and rs2273346 in MASP-2 but some other polymorphisms in OR8U8 gene. Patient treatment was performed by the lymph node excision during sampling and anti-inflammation.

KFD is a rare disease in Iranian patients. No specific Polymorphisms could be found in this study in KFD except in the OR8U8 gene. Further evaluation of these polymorphisms provides a diagnostic or prognostic tool for KFD by more comprehensive studies.

Aluminum phosphide (ALP) is a highly toxic inorganic compound used as a rodenticide, insecticide, and fumigant for stored cereal grains. Sometimes it uses for suicidal or criminal purposes, due to the low cost and availability of this tablet.Cardiovascular involvement is common and is the leading cause of death in these patients, but intra-cardiac thrombosis is rare and more common in the left ventricle following left ventricular dysfunction. The aim of our work was to describe an atypical manifestation of cardiovascular involvement of ALP poisoning.

We report a case of an ALP-poisoned child, with the uncommon complications of mobile right ventricular thrombus who has been treated successfully with systemic thrombolysis. An eleven year- old boy who referred to us with unstable hemodynamic status after suicidal ingestion of 3 grams ALP tablet. To the best of our knowledge, he is the first case of right ventricular thrombosis in the setting of ALP poisoning in the English literature.

In this ALP-poisoned child case, systemic thrombolysis along with conservative management could save the child from a non-reported complication of ALP.

This meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the comparative effect of Vitamin E and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) on oxidative status, including total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidative stress (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and hemoglobin (Hb) in patients with TDT.

This systematic review and meta-analysis was done according to the PRISMA checklist. We searched databases including Web of Science (ISI), Scopus, Medline (via PubMed), and Embase. Meta-analysis was done using Stata statistical software version 16.0.

Finally, four randomized-controlled trials (RCT) for Vitamin E and three RCTs for NAC were included. Our meta-analyses and review showed a significant increase in the weighted mean differences (WMD) of Hb and a significant decrease in the WMD of TOS and OSI in children subgroup of Vitamin E. Also, based on the results of the review in the NAC group, a significant increase in the WMD of Hb and a significant decrease in the WMD of TOS and OSI were found in children.

Vitamin E showed a beneficial effect on improving anemia in TDT children. Moreover, both NAC and Vitamin E seems to be effective antioxidant supplements in children with TDT. More well-designed randomized, controlled trials for the effect of NAC and Vitamin E in TDT patients are recommended with more focus on the essential influencing factors on the oxidative status in these patients.

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is an uncommon lymphoma arising from follicular T-helper cells. Since this is a rare disease, diagnosis is unfortunately difficult. AITL responds to treatments, therefore by reviewing the characteristics of the available cases, we aimed to classify the available data for in-time diagnosis.

Objectives and data sources: 

A systematic search was performed on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to January 5, 2023, to investigate the presence of peripheral blood lymphocytosis and leukocytosis in AITL cases.

Among 129 papers, 41 articles with 46 cases were included. All 41 studies were checked in terms of quality by two independent reviewers using an eight-item Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for case report studies. We also reported a 57-year-old Iranian woman with AITL suspected rash. Complete blood count (CBC) analysis showed a significant lymphocytosis and leukocytosis of 26 and 37.5 × 109 /L, respectively.

In the reviewed cases, male predominance was obvious. Lymphadenopathy was the most seen clinical presentation. Dermal abnormalities were presented in more than half of the patients. The prevalence of blood eosinophilia was also remarkable; CD3 and CD4 were expressed the most and CD7, CD8, CD30, and CD56 the least. Despite treatment, the mortality rate was high. In this systematic review, we tried to provide a complete classified review of all AITL cases with different types of leukocytosis to avoid future miss diagnosis of this rare lymphoma.

Colorectal cancer is the third common cancer in women and the fourth one among men, worldwide. Identifying prognostic factors are among the current challenges in cancer management. There are some evidence that visfatin, an adipocyte-secreted peptide, plays a significant role in cancer progression, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. In this study, we examined the serum concentration of visfatin and its impact on colorectal cancer prognosis.

Sixty-nine colorectal patients who had been followed up for two years at Razavi Hospital, Mashhad, Iran were evaluated. Information regarding the patients’ cancer status, including primary tumor location, tumor size, histology, tumor differentiation, stage of TNM, metastasis or lymphatic invasion, treatment options over the past two years, as well as the disease status, including recurrences and survival, was collected. An ELISA kit was used to measure serum visfatin concentrations and the relationship between serum visfatin concentrations and the prognosis of colorectal cancer was examined using SPSS software.

Visfatin played a small role in death, metastasis, and recurrence of colorectal cancer. Additionally, Cox regression analysis revealed no significant relationship between death, metastasis and recurrence rate and visfatin concentration (p>0.05). Additionally, no significant difference in visfatin concentration was found between two genders.

The results of this study showed that according to survival analysis and Cox regression, there was no significant association between serum concentration of visfatin and death, metastasis, or recurrence in colorectal cancer.So, visfatin does not seem a good biomarker for colorectal cancer prognosis prediction. Further studies are recommended.

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) technology is an innovative gene-editing technique that has emerged as a result of the development of genetic engineering. This technology has expanded the scope of oncology-related medical research and clinical applications. CRISPR is used in molecular techniques to decode genes and pathways, alter the expression of specific genes for therapeutic purposes, and comprehend the pathophysiology of cancer. If pre-clinical research with this technology is successful, it could lead to clinical trials and eventually be used in clinical therapy. To establish the CRISPR complex as a promising tool in oncology for effective clinical cancer therapy, a variety of CRISPR variants and applications, as well as numerous experimental techniques, are being developed at present. This review examines several CRISPR technology variations, their application in oncology, as well as the system's advantages and disadvantages in comparison to earlier gene-editing technologies. It also discusses the recently discovered capabilities of the technology and its potential future applications in oncology.

Interaction between cancer cells and the coagulation system could have reciprocal effects on both groups. Coagulation-fibrinolytic cascade is a process that regulates the homeostasis of the body, and this process can be disrupted by several factors; one of the most important factor is cancer. In contrast, the coagulation-fibrinolytic system can also act as a factor in cancer growth and metastasis. Our aim in this study is to investigate this relationship.

The present study is based on Pubmed database information (2010- 2023) using the words “Cancer”, “Coagulation”, “Platelet “, “Tissue factor” and “ VTE “.

Cancer cells disrupt the coagulation process by activating prooncogenic factors or inhibiting tumor suppressors, thereby inducing changes in platelets and coagulation factors, and increasing proteins involved in coagulation. These aberrations in the coagulation system result in coagulation abnormalities such as venous thromboembolism (VTE) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). In various cancers, the activity of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems increases, leading to an increase in coagulation and fibrinolysis factors. These factors are closely related to tumor size, tumor stage, cancer progression and metastasis.

The coagulation-fibrinolytic system is closely related to cancers.Cancer cells can disrupt the coagulation-fibrinolysis process. Also, coagulation-fibrinolytic agents can both lead to cancer progression and can be used as a marker for the prognosis of some cancers.