نشریه مطالعات توسعه پایدار شهری و منطقه ای
سال چهارم شماره 1 (پیاپی 11، بهار 1402)

One of the most important requirements for dealing with the physical problems of cities is to improve the level of resilience of urban areas in case of possible accidents. Resilience is a new concept in urban planning that refers to the ability of people, groups and objects to return to their original conditions or better.

The current research is descriptive-analytical and applied, which uses 11criteria to measure physical resilience. The weight of the criteria using Fuller's hierarchical triangle method shows that the ownership status (0.21), the number of households in a residential unit (0.18) and the employment status of the head of the household (0.165) are the most important in measuring the level of resilience in Nakhda and Talaband neighborhoods. The combination of criteria with the simple weighted sum method in 5 floors shows the level of resilience in Nakhel Nakhda and Talaband neighborhoods, which review of the findings shows that 46% of the area of the neighborhood is at a high and very high level of resilience, while only 28% of It houses the population, and on the other hand, 30% of the mentioned neighborhoods are located at the low and very low level of resilience, which includes 42% of the population. 

The final map, which is calculated in five levels from very low to very high, shows that 30% of Nakhel Nakhda and Talaband neighborhoods are located at low and very low resilience levels, it can be argued that the characteristics Physical factors play a very important role in the resilience of informal settlements, and any change in physical criteria can significantly affect the resilience of the neighborhood.

Today's man is not able to live without considering what has happened to him, and in order to have a better life, he must rely on the infrastructure he has already acquired. Human identity is manifested in the most basic state in the environment that is self-decorated. With the arrival of cultural elements from other countries, especially western countries, the culture and the identity of the Iranian society have undergone changes; Therefore, today, the discussion about identity and culture has been paid attention to in various scientific branches. Since one of the methods of investigating the identity of society is to pay attention to its spatial and urban communication elements, this article is presented with the aim of investigating the place of mosque architecture in giving identity to the urban space. The goals of this research are to revive the urban space and its aesthetic features, to breathe a new spirit in different social, economic, cultural and physical fields, to change the level of culture, to preserve and promote ancient values, to create a contemporary urban space with the pattern of elements Tradition and consolidation of the sense of belonging to the named place.

The research method in the data collection section was carried out in a qualitative manner, the extraction and examination of the elements of identity in the architecture of mosques was carried out in the form of a conceptual diagram and in a library and documentary manner.

The findings of the research show that paying attention to the body and the way of arranging spaces and other urban elements, along with the cultural and spiritual issues that are the duties of urban designers, are among the things that promote the identity of mosques in the urban space.

Today, in terms of structure and functionality, worn-out structures have suffered deficiencies that cannot meet the needs of the residents today. Despite the inefficiency of worn-out urban tissues, today, with the help of strategic methods and network analysis, different strategies can be provided for the renovation of worn-out tissues. The main goal of the current research is to present strategies for the renewal of worn-out fabric by combining strategic models, which network analysis has been done in Dardash neighborhood of Isfahan.

The method used in this research is descriptive-analytical based on its purpose and applied, and the method of study is descriptive-analytical according to its method and nature. To collect information in this study, library and document methods, direct observation method, and field and survey studies such as interviewing people, experts and urban elites and preparing a questionnaire using Delphi method were used. The questionnaire was made by the researcher and was set up with closed questions in the form of Likert spectrum with five options. The statistical population of this research includes officials and experts of organizations and institutions related to urban renovation and improvement.

The results of the research showed that WO1, SO2, WT1 are the three main strategies for renovating the worn-out fabric of Dardash neighborhood, which are WT1 improving the narrow and narrow roads and increasing the quality, SO2 surrounding the neighborhood with an important communication network and its special effect on improvement The quality of neighborhood uses and review strategies, WO1 has appropriated the opportunity of the presence of barren and ruined lands to be used in order to rapidly advance physical plans and programs, respectively, the first to third priority for the renovation of the worn-out fabric of Dardasht neighborhood.

Iranian-Islamic identity and customs express the cultural characteristics and characteristics of this border and environment. A topic that should appear in all aspects of life, especially in the field of architecture and urban planning. Achieving architecture with identity is a valuable and important issue in contemporary Iranian architecture. Because in the past, Iranian and Islamic architecture was one of the most influential architectural styles in the world; By using their intelligence and ingenuity and ultimately artistry, according to the geographical, climatic and cultural conditions of each region, Iranian architects developed these architectural elements and tried to establish the comfort of the people.This article seeks to create a suitable intellectual framework for this debate in the field of architecture. The research method used in this research is practical in terms of type and its goals, and in terms of research strategy, based on it, the descriptive-analytical method was used, and the library method was used to collect information and data. In order to analyze the theories, a logical argument has been made for the documentation of the texts, and in this method, the issues of qualitative and conceptual strategy are tried to be disseminated in this research.In this way, based on the elements of traditional Iranian architecture that were stated in the theoretical foundations of the research, the summary and suggestion of the components presented in the selection, appropriate and desirable design of the city with the purpose of identity has been presented. The result of the research shows that if the foundations and ways of manifesting the principles and elements of Iranian-Islamic architecture are paid attention to by architects, it can also meet the needs of contemporary people.

Behavioral geography is an approach in human geography that uses the methods and assumptions of behaviorism to determine the cognitive processes involved in a person's understanding or reaction to their environment. This science studies cognitive processes by reacting to the environment through behaviorism.

In this study, we aim to identify the key factors of behavioral geography in the future situation of infectious diseases in Iranian cities with a case study of Noorabad city. In terms of practical purpose, the present research has been carried out in terms of survey method at the exploratory level and based on the future research approach. The driving forces are determined by Delphi method, and then these factors are identified using the software (Mic Mac) based on the degree of importance and uncertainty, prioritization and the most vital factors.

The findings of the research indicate that among these variables, action behavior, inflation and social culture are the most influential key factors of the behavioral geography of Noorabad city in the face of infectious diseases, as well as limited employment opportunities, non-observance of health principles by Drivers of public vehicles, weak social capital, normalization of the existing situation were in the next ranks and had the most direct effect. Therefore, according to the findings of the research, it can be said; The sensitivity of the population and the behavior and communication that takes place in the geographical space by the citizens effectively causes the transmission of infection and infectious diseases.

 The importance of social capital in recent decades has led the theoretical literature of urban planning to research the physical factors affecting social capital in urban environments. However, relatively few studies have been carried out concerning this concept in Iran`s urban planning field. Considering the neglect of this concept in the theoretical literature in the past decades, it seems necessary to pay attention to and redefine it in current urban planning studies. Discovering and understanding the factors affecting social capital can lead to the introduction of urban planning tools that will help create and promote social capital in urban neighborhoods of Iran in today's conditions.

 In order to answer the research questions in the studied area, the qualitative method of grounded theory has been used. This method focuses on understanding reality within the research situation and building a situated theory. Based on research method and in response to the "what" question of the research, it has tried to discover the physical components of the studied location that impact the processes of social capital production in local communities. To answer the "how" question of the research, the relationship between the physical components and the constructive components of social capital in the context of the study has been interpreted.

 The findings show that the existence of public spaces, major activity centers, streets, and special pedestrian spaces and paying attention to the characteristics and role of paths can be considered the most effective physical tools for promoting social capital in the Rudaki neighborhood. Finally, the main result of this research confirms that the creation and promotion of social capital are closely related to the improvement of the physical structure of the neighborhoods in the direction of creating a platform for providing physical and mental needs and facilitating the social actions of the residents.