Journal of System Management
Volume:9 Issue: 3, Summer 2023

This study was conducted to determine the stock portfolio with the best return and low-risk investments using momentum-contrarian strategies (MCSs). The momentum-Contrarian strategy is one of the well-known models to construct the portfolio which suggests buying the stocks with the best performance (the winner stocks) and selling the stocks with the worst performance (the loser stocks). The optimal values of the portfolio's objective function and the weight of all assets in the portfolio that are not necessarily the same are calculated by defining a nonlinear multivariate optimization model combined with momentum-contrarian strategies (MCSs). The return information of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange from 2014 to 2019 was used to select the best optimal portfolio. The results confirmed the stability in the profitability of the contrarian optimal portfolio with minimum risk compared to other optimal portfolios. Furthermore, through MATLAB software the optimal weight of assets in the optimal portfolio is calculated based on statistical data.

This research, in line with the strategy of the World Customs Organization, order to provide a structural model for improving the ethics and administrative health of employees based on the use of information technology in customs affairs with a combined approach of fundamental theory and interpretive structural modeling to understand how information technology affects ethics and Administrative health and investigating the power of influence and the degree of dependence of the variables of ethics and administrative health of employees in the form of drawing a comprehensive structuring model. In the implementation of this research, a mixed method was used in the qualitative part of the foundation's data theory according to the research needs and structured interviews were used to collect data. To collect data in a qualitative method, with the help of Maxqda software, research findings through the opinions of 13 experts in three stages of open-centered and selective coding in the form of 6 categories affecting the ethics and administrative health of employees in the form of the Strauss paradigm model and Corbin and it was expressed theoretically. After building the theory, in the quantitative stage, interpretive structural modeling has been used in order to understand the relationship between the variables and the leveling of the promotion of ethics and administrative health of Iran Customs. The results of the research show that the variable "use of smart technologies" is the first level variable in the promotion of ethics and health, and the variables "Analysis of the situation of manpower and customs processes, ethical characteristics of employees and laws and management of information technology and human resources" » is the second level variable. And the variables of "conditions and structure of the organization and the requirements and infrastructure of information technology" are the variables of the third level.

Trying to retain the employees as the main capital of an organization seems highly substantial for the survival of any organizations. There are several influential factors to retain them and prevent them from leaving. One of these factors is favoritism in the organizations. The study examines the effects of favoritism on employee’s intention to leave in government organization with the mediating roles of burnout and alienation. Having reviewed the literature and in light of “Adams' Equity Theory”, the data was collected using a standard questionnaire from a total sample of 379 employees. The data was then analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique using AMOS software. The results of this study revealed that favoritism, which was investigated with two variables namely nepotism and cronyism, would have a positive and significant effect on the staff leave. Furthermore, the mediating role of burnout and alienation for the impact of nepotism and cronyism on employee leave was confirmed. This study serves as a reference for favoritism management in Iranian government organization. The study provides several theoretical as well as practical implications.

This article deals with developing a model of digital marketing with a focus on customer experience and with the aim of optimizing the customer management process, increasing the quality and length of the customer journey (increasing loyalty), and improving the consequences of the marketing process in companies, and seeks to answer this question. What is the digital marketing model with the customer experience management approach and what components does it include? The research method is mixed (qualitative-quantitative) and since a model for this issue is not available in past research, the first part of the research explores model extraction through qualitative methods (here, foundation data analysis) and to determine Relationships within the model quantitatively explain the model using quantitative methods (here structural equations). The method of collecting information in the qualitative part, in addition to conducting library studies, in the form of in-depth interviews with experts in the fields of information technology, marketing, and commerce, information technology policy, and actually business managers and stores that provide services and products through channels and digital tools in this section, the statistical sample limit was carried out by the snowball method (saturation to the end of the problem) and the quantitative part of the research and explanation of the model was through data collection with questionnaire tools and closed interviews from the customers of several digital businesses, which was done with the method 385 people were randomly selected and available using Cochran's formula. In the end, the main conditions, background conditions, intervening conditions, phenomena, strategies, and consequences affecting the digital marketing model with the customer experience management approach were extracted and the relationships between them were determined.

Modern organizations’ strategy is reducing inventory, production cycle time, transportation cost, quality cost, while increasing competitiveness to maximize its benefits. Supply chain management, as part of an organization’s strategy, involves several stakeholders with different interests, each controlling part of the chain and pursuing different goals. This paper presents a comprehensive multi-level model of a supply chain consisting of several simultaneous stakeholders in a systematic way. The developed model first, consider the various transportation factors, such as distribution of goods for various members of the supply chain to achieves the lowest transportation cost at different levels, for both transporting parts and products. The model also provides lowest costs of purchase and production by considering the costs of maintenance, supply shortages and shortage, for all the involved parties. In addition, a competition in the context of a game to select the optimal situation between the stakeholders of the supply chain has been considered to make the best decision in terms of a participatory game by considering different scenarios. Through applying the principles of the game theory, various scenarios were developed to optimize the benefits of parties and to achieve the optimal design. The results of a numerical example showed that the answer provided by the game theory for the value of the objective function was less than the answers of the transport problem, despite the deficit penalty. Therefore, it can be concluded that game theory can achieve a better answer by considering the conditions of alliance between participants in a collaborative game.

The issue of proper career path development is important for employees in many organizations such as the education department according to the knowledge management model, so this study aims to design a career development model for female teachers based on the knowledge management model in the General Directorate of Education. Mazandaran province was done. The statistical population studied in this study consisted of all employees of the General Department of Education in Mazandaran province. Statistical sample size 269 people were selected through random sampling method through Krejcie Morgan table. In this study, Shine's career development and knowledge management questionnaire were used. The reliability of these two questionnaires using Cronbach's alpha was 0.75 and 0.78, respectively. For statistical analysis, SPSS software version 20 and pls3 were used and the alpha level was considered 05p 05 0.05. The results showed that the value of t in all paths between the research factors was equal to and greater than 2.58. As a result, there is a significant relationship between the main factors and their sub-factors in the conceptual-analytical model of the research and also the results showed that the fit of the general research model is appropriate and strong. In general, it can be said that between the first step of the career path with the second step of the career path, between the second step of the career path with the third step of the career path, and between the third step of the career path with the fourth step of the career path of teachers Employees of the General Department of Education of Mazandaran Province, in the conceptual-analytical model of career development path, there is a direct and significant relationship.

The increasing progress of technology has affected all aspects of human life. One of the new technologies for which various applications have been created today is virtual reality technology. Virtual reality seeks to create a sense of reality in an unreal environment. The aim of this research is the effect of virtual reality technology on the creation of customers' attitudes and understanding of property and service providers in the real estate consultant department in Shiraz. The statistical population includes all real estate clients and those who refer to the real estate sector in Shiraz, and since the population is considered, it is unlimited; The number of statistical sample is 384 people. In this research, the standard questionnair of Players and Ponsin (2020) were used to collect research data. Structural equation modeling approach and PLS3 software were used for data analysis. The results showed that virtual reality technology has a significant effect on creating the attitude and understanding of customers towards the property and the service provider in the real estate consultant sector. The combination of virtual reality technology with augmented reality is one of the measures that can significantly improve the attractiveness and efficiency of using virtual reality in the field of real estate.

The purpose of this article, extracted from the thesis, was to present the model of organizational culture based on normative and individual variables in the managers of the education staff of Tehran province. In terms of field position, and in terms of nature, it is among the foundation data research. The statistical community of the qualitative part included management experts using the principle of saturation and targeted non-random sampling method, and in the quantitative part, it also included the director general, deputies, and heads of departments of the general administration. and managers and vice presidents of education districts of Tehran province were selected as the sample size. Presentation of the organizational culture model based on normative and individual variables is considered a central category in the paradigm model of the research and other concepts in the form of categories of causal, contextual, and intervening conditions. Strategies and outcomes were included in the model and 10 categories with 57 indicators were introduced in the normative dimension and 10 categories were introduced in the individual dimension with 61 indicators. The evaluation findings based on Shannon's entropy method show; maliciousness and suspicion towards each other Self-esteem, sense of ownership over the organization, enjoyment of work, self-motivation, improvement of job skills and knowledge, personal development, and attention to positive points and job achievements, innovative decisions, and accountability are of the highest importance in realizing organizational culture.

In recent years, industrial clusters have received considerable attention from economists and industry analysts because they are seen as the main reason for certain economic regions' economic growth and success. For many Industrial States Organization, the selection of industrial clusters has become a critical strategic consideration due to the Budget allocation priority. In this paper, an extended qualitative flexible multiple (QUALIFLEX) methods is used to solve problems regarding the priority among this cluster using probability hesitant fuzzy information, which can lead to allocating the budget for industrial clusters more effectively. For more accuracy, we have applied a Hesitant fuzzy Topsis for prioritizing. Both rankings have been aggregated by the Copeland method. From our research results, the Larestan Muscat is of great importance, and Abade Inlaid Wood, Citrus packaging, Shiraz Marquetry, and Niriz stone have ranked respectively.

This article aims to provide a model to explain the role of green human resource management in the resilience economy of small and medium-sized companies. The method of this research is a developmental-applied type of mixed research (qualitative-quantitative), which was used in the qualitative part of the Foundation (emerging) data method to identify components and indicators, and in the quantitative part, the descriptive-survey method was used. The statistical population in the qualitative part included experts (university faculty members) in the fields of human resource management, environment, and economics, after 28 interviews, the research reached theoretical saturation, and in a small part of the Cochran formula, there were 229 employees of the company. Industrial companies of Eshtehard town were selected. In the qualitative section, 13 codes were identified in process factors, 14 codes in prefixes, and 10 codes in suffixes. For the resistance economy, a researcher-made questionnaire with 31 indicators was used. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the CVR method. Cronbach's alpha of the green human resources management questionnaire was equal to 0.761 and the resistance economy questionnaire was equal to 0.870. Two types of internal and external validity were used to validate the model. The results of the analysis of factor loadings of research components showed that there is a positive and significant linear relationship between each dimension of green human resource management. The results of the research model, it showed that among the identified factors, the antecedent dimension with a coefficient of 0.819, process factors with a coefficient of 0.797 and suffixes with a coefficient of 0.713, and finally, the coefficient of the impact of green human resources management on the resistance economy was obtained as 0.914, which shows the impact of 91 A percentage of aspects of green human resource management had resistance on the economy.

Social networks advertisements can be employed as a powerful means of communication to achieve goals such as sales, profitability and reinforcing brand image. Organizations managers have established a department titled “public relations” in their organizations, through which they communicate with individuals inside and outside the organization, so that they can fulfill their goals at lower costs and within shorter time by informing and persuading those individuals. In this regards, the present study is aimed at evaluating the extent to which public relations of private organizations employ social networks to introduce their products and services. Research population consists of managers and public relation experts of private sector’s organizations in Yazd, Iran. The present study takes a survey method and is regarded as field-work research. Sampling method is based probability and availability. Due to the limited population, 76 individuals were selected as the sample through limited population formula. Data was analyzed via Smart-PLS. results reveal that public relations of private organizations employ social networks at an optimal and acceptable level to introduce their products and services. Hence the hypothesis of the study is confirmed.

The aim of present study is to identify the characteristics of human resource management with a strategic thinking approach in the Organization for the Collection and Sale of Proprietary Property in Iran. In terms of aim, the present study is an exploratory study based on semi-structured interviews, and in terms of results, it is developmental. The statistical population of the study included executive experts who were fully familiar with the Organization for the Collection and Sale of Proprietary Property. The sampling method in the qualitative section was snowball sampling. A total number of 15 managers and officials of the Organization for the Collection and Sale of Proprietary Property of Iran, including members of the Board of Directors, consultants and managers, and deputies and heads of departments was selected in this section. The first step involved identifying human resource management indicators with a strategic thinking approach through interviews with experts and qualitative data analysis (thematic analysis). Also, to confirm the extracted themes and check the reliability of the interviews and reach a consensus on the extracted themes, a questionnaire was designed based on the findings of the thematic analysis and completed by experts and fuzzy Delphi analysis was performed. Based on results of research regarding the indicators for human resource management with a strategic thinking approach in the Organization for the Collection and Sale of Proprietary Property, five main indicators, including situational factors, stakeholders’ group, and selection of human resource policy, achievements and long-term results were identified.

Organizational DNA expresses a method of investigation, thinking, reflection and thought about organizations, which examines the patterns of organizations, management practices, leadership style and other concepts related to the organization. Organizational DNA uses very diverse approaches to understand and recognize the organization, instead of organizational models and forms, by examining issues such as teamwork, decision-making, and development and improvement of human resources as separate or at least independent variables. In this research, by using the theoretical framework and using quantitative and qualitative methods, it has been done to identify the dominant DNA in Tocafulad Holding companies and determine the relationship model of hidden components using covariance analysis. The statistical population includes 435 employees of Isfahan Tokafulad companies and 6 company experts who used a mixed or mixed design to conduct the research. The technique of structural equations has been used to improve the model and evaluate the components and indicators to check and identify the model. In order to answer the research question, the steps are: 1) presentation of the conceptual model of the relationship between the corporate DNA and the investigated components, 2) quantitative evaluation of the components and indicators of the model, 3) determining the mutual influence of the hidden variables and the obvious variables of the model and 4) the relationship Between the apparent variables of the components with each other and the verification of the initial conceptual model has been carried out and then the model has been improved and finally the dominant DNA has been determined. The research showed that semantic DNA with a factor load of 0.93 is the dominant DNA in 4 out of 6 companies under investigation. It was also found that planning and payment system are the least important and change processes are the most important in line with the improvement model. In the improved model based on covariance analysis, the mutual effects of payment system and planning with mission, leadership style with teamwork, performance management with decision-making, interpersonal relations with change processes and change processes with work group should be considered.

The research was conducted with the aim of designing a model of brand experience with the citizenship behavior of customers in the banking industry. The research method is qualitative and grounded theory, and it is considered fundamental in terms of its purpose. The statistical population of the research is Tehran banking industry managers with the highest education, experience, authorship, and ideas. In this research, unstructured and in-depth interviews were used to collect data and information. Data and information analysis were done through coding (open, axial, and selective coding) and MAXQDA software. In the end, a qualitative model is presented, which consists of causal conditions (Appropriate internet infrastructure, The emergence of new media, Creating a new form of communication, The proliferation of media, and Internet penetration rate), the main phenomenon (Branding, Brand experience, Brand personality, and Brand interest), intervening conditions (Building trust, Outsourcing, Customer behavior, Customer emotional attraction, Islamic banking, and Advertising), the contextual conditions(Customer behavior, Reproducibility of experience, Communication with customers and Notification), strategies (Accounting system, Systematic control, Low profit and help business, Electronic banking, Human Capital, Speed of service, Structure modification, Networking, Security, Creating competition and Personnel training) and consequences (Brand quality, Originality, Function, Customer satisfaction, and Customer loyalty).

The primary reasons for this review are ID, displaying and positioning of variables impacting the brand disdain. To do this, mixed approaches of qualitative and quantitative have used. In the qualitative approach, the grounded theory method has considered. Hence, the opinions of 18 sale managers in the field of home appliance, as experts, collected and analyzed. The results of analyzing in 3 steps of grounded theory with MAXQDA software revealed that 14 variables affect the brand hate which are placed in 3 groups of casual condition, external factors and main variables.The results of this section was approved by 10 indicators of Strauss and Corbin. In the next section, for understanding the importance and rank of each variables in brand hate, MADM method has used. The results of this section showed that among main variables, experimental avoidance; among casual condition, marketing and advertisement and among external factors, competition had highest importance.

The main purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the effective factors of establishing a knowledge-based city in less developed areas. The research method is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). To carry out this research, in addition to studying documents, the ground theory method with MAXQDA12 software was used to identify the effective factors. The statistical population in this research was all experts in the field of public management, urban management, economics, managers of knowledge-based companies, and managers of Sistan and Baluchestan governorate and Zahedan municipality, which was conducted after conducting 17 theoretical saturation interviews. Finally, open, central, and selective codes were extracted and in the quantitative part, Dematal technique was used to determine the effectiveness of the effective dimensions on the establishment of a knowledge-based city. According to the semi-structured interviews, 6 dimensions (cause, main phenomenon, contextual, interveners, strategies, consequences) and 15 components (core codes), and 69 indicators (open code) were extracted for the establishment of the knowledge-based city. The Finding showed that dimensions of development, skill and expertise, education and technology, infrastructure, internationalization, institutional factor, urban knowledge development, knowledge management, foreign policies, laws and regulations, cultural-native, knowledge-based city development, policies, domestic, cultural conflict, and urban geography, in order from high impact to low impact, as well as dimensions of urban geography, cultural conflict, internal policies, knowledge-based city development, cultural-native, laws and regulations, foreign policies, knowledge management, knowledge development urban, institutional factor, internationalization, infrastructural, education and technology, skill and expertise and development are respectively from high effectiveness to low effectiveness.

The human resource management works closely with all the employees in the organization. An HRM must allow the employees to make constructive criticism when there is a need for it. The duty of organizing the company towards achieving their set goals lies in the hands of the HRM. A Human Resource management process can best be distinct as a tool which is utilized to collect, organize, present, keep and share applied information about the human resource of an organization. To this end, this research present a Throughput model framework that describes individuals' decision-making processes in an algorithmic HRM context. The model depicts how perceptions, judgments, and the use of information affect strategy selection, identifying how diverse strategies may be supported by the employment of certain decision-making algorithmic pathways. In focusing on concerns relating to the impact and acceptance of artificial intelligence (AI) integration in HRM, this research draws insights from multidisciplinary theoretical lenses, such as Al-augmented and HRM assimilation processes, AI-mediated social exchange, and the judgment and choice literature. Results highlight the use of algorithmic ethical positions in the adoption of AI for better HRM outcomes in terms of intelligibility and accountability of AI-generated HRM decision-making, which is often underexplored in existing research.

One of the debates that has received much attention by many researchers in recent years and provided a platform to examine its various fields is customer experience management. Companies can differentiate themselves from competitors, create greater customer loyalty, and provide stronger brand relations via the experiences provided to their customers. The present study is aimed to identify the changes and progress made in customer experience management. For this purpose, the papers available in the Web of Science database were analyzed over a period of 24 years (1998 to 2022) using scientometric methods. The results of the study present a comprehensive review of the field of customer experience management by identifying its basics, provide influential works and intellectual link between the works. It is noteworthy that the present analysis reveals more cited articles, key authors, keywords, intellectual turning points, and emerging research trends in this field. These results help researchers to perceive the boundaries of the researches conducted in customer experience management and gain valuable scientific information through which they can determine the development process of their future studies.

The current article examines the trends and performance of research on the types of effects of the COVID-19 epidemic and the different management strategies of perishable goods supply chain disruptions during 2 years (2020-2022) using bibliometric and network analysis based on the data set from the Scopus database using VOSviewer software. The analysis designates that Kumar A. has been the most influential author in perishable goods supply chain research during the COVID-19 pandemic, and India has contributed the most in this field. The most repeated keywords were resilience, food supply, and perishable food supply chain. Citation analysis indicated that resilience and sustainability are the mainstream of research in articles with high citations. The network analysis also disclosed that resilience and sustainability are the key themes in the clusters. Furthermore, strategies for managing disruption during the COVID-19 pandemic were extracted from the highly-cited articles, which are presented in this article.

One of the important issues in the supply chain is the selection of reliable and efficient suppliers, which improves performance and competitive advantage. Therefore, the aim of this research is to implement two evaluation models based on failure rate and NDEA with the approach of choosing the right supplier in 7 separate supply chains of an electrical appliance manufacturing company in Shiraz. In this direction, a series-parallel system was used to evaluate based on the failure rate, which at the first level examines the reliability of the suppliers and at the second level examines the reliability of the devices required for the production of electrical appliances. And in order to calculate the efficiency of suppliers, the NDEA model was also used. The results showed that both presented approaches are suitable for evaluating the performance of the supply chain, because the performance rating of both models has high resolution.