Journal of Nanoanalysis
Volume:6 Issue: 4, Dec 2019

This work is reported on the synthesis of Fe3O4/eggshell nanocomposites in the absence of anystabilizer or surfactant. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were established on the egg shell. The adsorptionof Malachite green (MG) and Crystal violet (CV) as cationic dyes and Eriochrome Black T (EBT) as ananionic dye by magnetite nanoparticles loaded egg shell (MNLES) and magnetite nanoparticles loadedegg membrane (MNLEM) were studied. FT-IR, XRD and SEM were used for specification of adsorbents.XRD pattern of MNLES and MNLEM were corresponded to pure magnetite at 2θ= 30.2o, 35.6o, 43.3o and57.2o. FTIR showed that main peak similar magnetite in 580, 1620 and 3407cm-1. SEM pictures showedthat Fe3O4 nanoparticles in nm size loaded on natural adsorbents. Adsorbents dose, pH and contacttime as parameters that have an effect on dye removal were investigated. Pseudo-first order, pseudosecondorder, intraparticle diffusion and Elovich models were used for study of kinetic of adsorption. Thesorption of the MG, EBT, CV on the MNLEM were pseudo second-order model. The sorption of the MGand EBT on MNLES were described by Elovich and pseudo second-order model. Value of qmax from theLangmuir model for adsorption of CV, EBT and MG were 61.72, 21.69 and 38.31mg g -1 for MNLEM andqmax for adsorption of EBT, MG on the MNLES was 40.0 and 25.12mg g -1. It was found MNLES and MNLEMcan be used as efficient adsorbents for removal of EBT more than cationic dyes (MG, CV).

In this study, simple ionic liquid-assisted preparation of SnO microflowers with nanosheet subunitsunder reflux condition without calcination were described. Samples were synthesized using 1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, [pmim]Br, as an ionic liquid in different molar ratio, sodium hydroxideand Tin(II) chloride. The results show that SnO with high purity and uniform size distribution wasobtained using 1:4:4 molar ratios of SnCl2/NaOH/IL by simple reflux method and the ionic liquidonly acts as a suitable template. The characterization of the products was carried out by FT-IR, X-raypowder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDXS) and DRS techniques. Photodegradation of Remazol Black B (RBB) from the aqueous solutionwas investigated by SnO nanosheets (93.48% dye removal). The rate of degradation of RBB in thepresence of SnO is distinctive by the pseudo-first-order kinetic model (R2 > 0.79).

In this research, synthesized well derivatives of 1,3-diaryl-2-N-azaphenalene and N-acyl-1.3-diaryl-2-N- azaphenalene as a macromolecule in the presence of nanoparticles (Fe3O4 coated with L-Arginine)as a magnetic Nano catalyst in a one-pot reaction of compounds 7.2-Naphthalene diol, aldehydes,ammonium derivatives (ammonium acetate or ammonium hydro phosphates) and solvent (waterand alcohol) with high yield and short reaction times, economical and simple workup. In this study,apart from the innovation in the synthesis of a macromolecule, the antibacterial activity of thesecompounds was evaluated for the first time. The reaction was doe under very moderate conditionsat room temperature. The chemical structures of all synthesized compounds were determined usinginfrared, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopies. After the production of nanoparticles, the structure ofthe obtained nanoparticles was characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (IR) and fieldemission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The results demonstrated that the average size ofthe synthesized magnetite nanoparticles is about 21 nm. The heterogeneous catalyst used was easilyseparated magnetically and reused without any significant loss of catalytic activity and magnetism.Eventually, antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds was investigated by Escherichia coli(ATCC: 25922) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC: 27853) as gram negative bacteria, Staphylococcusepidermidis (ATCC: 14990) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC: 29213) as gram positive bacteria. Someof these products exhibit significant antibacterial activity.

PdCo subnanoalloys have been commonly used as a catalytic material in some important chemicalreactions, involving in fisher-tropsch reactions, and oxygen reduction reactions. In terms ofunderstanding the role of catalysis, these smallest bimetallic nanoparticles provide the simplestprototypes of Pd-Co bimetallic catalysts for different compositions. In this study, the effect ofLixO (x=1,2) on PdCo nanoalloys has been investigated comprehensively employing the densityfunctional theory (DFT) to identify the mechanism of structural, electronic, and energeticproperties of the studied species. Binding energies are calculated for stability analysis, whichis very important for nanoparticles. Results show that lithium oxides are generally adsorbed bycobalt sites on the Pd-Co substrate. This is important for determining active sites of the catalyticmaterial. Furthermore, the structures have low symmetric properties. Hence, this study mightprovide an initial structural evaluation step for future studies related to the possible new catalyticmaterial of Li-air batteries.

This study investigates the separation based on adsorption of the binary gas mixture of hydrogen withbiogas (gases: CO2, CH4, O2, N2) and inert gases (gases: He, Ne, and Ar) using single-walled ((7,7), (15,15),(29,29), (44,44), (58,58) and (73,73) SWBNNTs), double-walled ((11,11)@(15,15), (7,7)@(22,22) DWBNNTs)and triple walled ((8,8)@(11,11)@(15,15) and (7,7)@(15,15)@(22,22) TWBNNTs) boron nitridenanotubes via the grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation. Two models, namely, spherical andsite-site models, are employed for gas. Two conditions are used for the SWBNNTs, i.e., SWBNNTs withatomic charges and SWBNNTs without atomic charges. This paper also examines the impact of nanotubediameters on binary mixture adsorption. The results indicate that considering the H2/gas separation inthe studied BNNTs, the H2 separation from He and the H2 separation from Ar have the maximum andminimum selectivity values, respectively. Also, with increasing pressure and temperature, the values ofthe H2/He selectivity in the studied BNNTs decrease.

In recent decades, the focus of science and industry has been concentrated on production of metalnanoparticles (NPs). In this study, the biosynthesis of silver NPs by using Tragopogon buphthalmoides(Tragopogon b.) plant was investigated. Various effective parameters on the synthesis such as pH, extractvolume, concentration of silver nitrate, temperature and reaction time were optimized. Silver nanoparticleswere synthesized under optimal conditions of 0.5 mL Tragopogon b. extract, 4.5 mM silver nitrate,pH=10, temperature=70 °C and synthesis time of 180 min. Characterization of synthesized NPs performedat optimal condition by using UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electronmicroscopy (TEM), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Fourier transform infraredspectroscopy (FT-IR). Also study of first and second-order kinetic to the adsorption process of methyleneblue by synthesized NPs at the optimal condition was performed. Resulted absorption peaks, indicatedstrong peaks around the λ = 420 nm which is the certain wavelength for silver NPs. TEM studies indicatedthat the silver NPs are spherical with an average diameter of 13 nm. In adsorption kinetic studies havefound out, the adsorption process follows the second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9977, qe = 21.79 mg/g).The results of the present study showed that the plants play a significant role in reducing and stabilizingthe metal NPs, due to their antioxidant properties and high secondary constituents and have high potentialfor synthesis of metal NPs which can be used in the removal of dye contaminants.

In this study, α-Fe2O3 nano-spheres are immobilized on the surface of manganese pyrophosphate(Mn2P2O7) support using forced hydrolysis and reflux condensation (FHRC) method. The synthesizedα-Fe2O3/Mn2P2O7 were characterized by FTIR, SEM, BET EDX, and XRD. The photocatalytic activity fromα-Fe2O3/Mn2P2O7 was investigated for the removal of toluene in aqueous solution by UV/H2O2 system. Thechemical oxygen demand (COD) measurements were used to determine the amount of toluene removal.The experiments were designed based on four affecting variables, including pH, catalyst content, initialtoluene concentration and H2O2 at three levels using Box-Behnken experimental design. The results ofthis study showed that α-Fe2O3/Mn2P2O7 as a new photocatalyst has a higher photocatalytic activity thanα-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Based on the achieved results, the maximum degradation efficiency was 97.14%in optimal conditions.

Electrospinning has been recognized as an efficient technique for the fabrication of polymernanofibers. Recently, various polymers have successfully been electrospun into ultrafine fibers.Electrospinning is an extremely promising method for the preparation of tissue engineering scaffolds.In this study, nanofibers gelatin was electrospun at 20% v/v optimized content. To produce gelatinnanofibers optimally, production parameters need to be investigated. In the electrospinning, device(voltage and distance) parameters were determined to be effective; as a result, these parameterswere researched and the influences of electrospinning device parameters (voltage & distance)on properties of gelatin nanofibers were evaluated. These parameters affected the diametersize, uniformity, hydrophilicity and thermal degradation of electrospun gelatin nanofibers. All ofthese properties were examined by SEM, FTIR, CA, BET, XRAY and TGA tests and finally optimumgelatin nanofibers can be used in many applications including cell culture, drug delivery and tissueengineering.