نشریه دانشگاه علوم پزشکی البرز
سال دوازدهم شماره 2 (بهار 1402)

: Nosocomial infections are the main health problems in the world. Prevention of Surgical Site Infection in Surgery is the first concern. Wound infection causes increased mortality and length of hospital stay and increase costs in patients treated. Antibiotic prophylaxis in c surgery may be recommended to prevent postoperative complications. Several therapeutic protocols based on international recipes used by cardiac surgeons due to antimicrobial prophylaxis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of prescribing antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing surgery in Intensive Care Center is the shariyar of Tehran .

And future prospective cross-sectional study of 200 patients undergoing since entering the ICU until discharge and up to a month after discharge were evaluated in terms of clinical outcomes. Wound infection, renal, pulmonary complications, the incidence of mortality, length of stay in ICU and hospital compared and evaluated based on the type antibiotics. Information recorded and collected self-made Check list. And using descriptive and analytical statistics and were analyzed using SPSS 18.

The average age of the subjects Bvd.az ±61/32 years patients (139 male ). Received significant relationship between different patterns of antibiotic prophylaxis administered and renal complications, pulmonary complications, wound infection, mortality rate, average length of stay in hospital and there was no special section 61 patients (30/1. were female. lly significant. Average length of stay in intensive care unit patients who received antibiotics were ceftriaxon significantly lower than patients who had not received antibiotics.(pv=0/021)

Use different patterns of use and administration of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing t surgery is associated with different clinical outcomes of use of ceftriaxon in a special section was associated with reduced hospital stay.

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer and accounts for six percent of malignancies in women. The aim of this study was evaluation of epidemiology of this cancer and clinico-pathologic characteristics of patients in west of Iran.

Forty four patients with endometrial malignancy referred to Imam Reza hospital in Kermanshah were included in this descriptive-cross sectional study. Data was extracted from archive files and pathology reports in the hospital.

The mean age of patients was 56.95+/_ 11.31 years and the majority were in the age range of 50-60 years. None of the patients had a history of tamoxifen therapy, oligomenorrhea, late menopause and premature menarche, infertility or alcohol use. The majority of patients had no family history of endometrial cancer (90.9%). A family history of endometrial adenocarcinoma was observed in only 4 patients. Endometrial adenocarcinoma (88.6%) and endometrial stromal sarcoma (11.4%) were the most common endometrial cancers in patients, respectively. Vaginal bleeding was reported as the most common clinical symptom in the majority of patients. The age distribution of patients showed that patients under the age of 60 years and also more than 60 years are mostly diagnosed with endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Endometrial adenocarcinoma is the most common endometrial malignancy in west of Iran, that mainly is presented in the sixth decade with vaginal bleeding. This cancer showed no obvious association with known risk factors in west of Iran.

Introduction and goal: 

One of the problems of kidney failure patients, especially patients who are in the final stages of this disease, is uremic stomatitis, which can be caused by hemodialysis, the disease process, or both. Considering that dialysis as a metabolic disorder has many effects on people, including oral complications and mucosal lesions, knowing the prevalence of uremic stomatitis in patients with kidney failure and undergoing dialysis is necessary for planning interventions. Similar in this field has not been done in the city of Karaj or even in the country of Iran, so the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the prevalence of uremic stomatitis in dialysis patients of Imam Ali Hospital in Karaj and its related factors in the year 1400.

This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the year 1400 in Imam Ali (AS) hospital in Karaj city. After the necessary coordination and obtaining the relevant permits, 384 dialysis patients who had files in Imam Ali Hospital (A.S.) in Karaj city were included in the study. The selection of people was simple random and based on the list of patients. The patients were diagnosed with stomatitis. Uremic were examined Also, the duration of dialysis, family history of kidney failure, diabetes, duration of diabetes and hemoglobin a1c level were asked and the relevant information was recorded.

According to the results of this study, the prevalence of uremic stomatitis in patients was 3.38%. This problem was more in men than women (84.61% compared to 13.59%). Also, the average age of male patients with this disease was higher compared to women (67.45± (5.12) years compared to 48.50±(4.95) years) and had been dialyzed for a longer period of time (5.64±(0.5) years compared to 1.5±(0.7)). Also, the family history of dialysis was more in men (81%. 8 compared to 0). The prevalence of diabetes in male patients was higher compared to female patients (100% compared to 50%) and the duration of diabetes was longer in men compared to women ((2.64±0.5) years in comparison with (0±1) years) and on the other hand, diabetes control was better in women compared to men, so that 50% of female patients had a blood hemoglobin level of 8-5.9, while the level of hemoglobin a1c in all male patients was higher than 8.

The results of this study showed that suffering from kidney failure, especially in the final stages of the disease when patients need dialysis, can lead to an increase in the risk of uremic stomatitis.

The Quality of Life decreases in chronic debilitating diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis, and interactions in the desired range of Social Cognition have beneficial effects in increasing the quality of life of patients. The purpose was to investigate the relationship between social cognition and quality of life in affected women.

A descriptive-analytical study of the correlation type with multiple regression analysis, in which 470 women with MS were selected from patients who were members of the Iranian MS Association in 1401 by the available sampling method, and were asked specific quality of life questionnaires for MS patients. MSIS-29 and Emotion Recognition Task (Social Cognition) responded.

The average age was 38.79 ± 8.91 years old and the most common type of disease was relapsing-remitting MS (49.4%). The quality of life (Average score) was between 58 and 87. To predict the quality of life using social cognition in the last step of multiple regression, the coefficient of determination was 0.407. People who recognized the emotions of fear, anger, disgust, surprise and sadness better had a higher quality of life. There was no significant relationship between happiness and quality of life. The components of surprise, sadness, disgust and fear purely explained 40% of the changes in the quality of life.

Increasing social cognition in recognizing the main facial emotions increases the quality of life of people with MS.

Gallstones are one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases because genetic factors have not been yet identified. The ABCB11 gene locates on chromosome 2 and generates the Bile Salt Output Pump (BSEP) in human encoding by creating gallstone. Our aim of in the present study was to investigate the relationship between liver biochemical factors and ABCB11 gene polymorphism with the risk of gallstone.

The study was performed recruiting 100 gallstone patients and 100 healthy individuals in Golsar Hospital, Rasht, in 1397. After sonography, subjects were divided into patients and healthy groups and the relationship between disease and ABCB11 gene polymorphism was examined by ARMS-PCR. Typically, 10 samples were sampled for the required sequencing results. Differences between the two groups were determined by statistical analysis.

In the present SGOT study, SGPT level was elevated in patients in comparison with healthy individuals (P <0.05). The frequency of ABCB11 gene C allele between patient and healthy was 22.5% and 22% of the budget, respectively. There is no significant relationship between the frequency of alleles and genotypes in patients compared to healthy cases (P ˃ 0.05). Under these conditions, the frequency of TT, TC and CC genotypes among individuals over 60 years of age were 27, 21 and 3, respectively. There is no significant relationship between gender and age with disease (P /0 0.05). The mean age of patients over 60 years (P = 0.0) was significantly higher than healthy. People with homozygous TT genotype were more likely to develop the disease.

The increased level of biochemical factors can predicts possibility of liver damage. The lack of correlation between ABCB11 and disease may be due to genetic differences between different races. Further studies with a larger group is essential.

Cadmium chloride causes liver dysfunction. In the present study, the protective effects of hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of Alcea rosea against changes in biochemical factors and hepatic tissue induced by cadmium chloride in male Males were investigated.

In this experimental study, 56 adult male Wistar rats weighing approximately 200±10 g  were divided into 6 groups of 9. The control group, The sham group 1 received 0.2 ml distilled water as solvent. The sham group 2 received 2 mg/ kg of cadmium chloride intraperitoneally for 21 days. Experimental groups 1, 2 and 3: 2 mg / kg cadmium chloride intraperitoneally for 21 days and then 450 and 300,150 mg / kg hydroalcoholic extracts of aerial parts of Alcea rosea received intraperitoneally for 30 days. At the end of the experiment, the body weight and liver weight of the animals were measured. Blood samples were taken to measure albumin, bilirubin and total protein levels. Liver tissue samples were studied pathologically after hematoxylin-eosin staining.

The mean body weight in all experimental groups did not show significant changes compared to the sham group2. The mean liver weight in all experimental groups showed a significant increase compared to the sham group2. Mean serum bilirubin concentration in all experimental groups showed a significant decrease compared to the sham group2. The mean serum albumin concentration in the experimental group receiving 3 showed a significant increase compared to the sham group2. Mean serum albumin and total protein concentrations in the experimental group receiving 2 showed a significant increase compared to the sham group2 (P <0.05). In all experimental groups, the improvement of hepatic tissue changes induced by cadmium chloride was dose-dependent.

It is possible that the hydroalcoholic extract of the aerial parts of Alcea rosea improves the changes in biochemical factors and hepatic tissue induced by cadmium chloride in male rats.

Women heads of households, due to their important role in the home, are exposed to various physical and mental illnesses, including stress and depression. Therefore, education in this field and increasing women's self-efficacy can improve the quality of life and health status of these people. This study was designed and conducted to investigate the effect of mindfulness based stress reduction(MBSR)on self-efficacy, reducing stress and depressive symptoms in female-headed households in Ilam.

The present study is a quasi-experimental study. Among women heads of households Sponsored by Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Ilam, 30 people with high rates of depression and stress were randomly selected and .They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (15 people eachgroup ). Eight 90-minute sessions of mindfulness-based stress reduction program were taught. Data collection tools were Depression, Perceived Stress and Self-Efficacy quetioners, which were completed by participants in three stages of pre-test, immediately after the intervention and two months after the intervention. The collected data were evaluated using SPSS software. Significance level was considered 0.05

After mindfulness training, significant changes in depression (p <0.001), perceived stress (p= 0.010), and self-efficacy (p <0.001) were observed in the experimental group. Also, two months after the educational interventions, the changes caused by the training were stable and the mean scores of depression (11.07 ± 1.09), perceived stress (19.80 ± 7.32) and self-efficacy (59.73 ± 6.40) There was a significant difference in pre-test in the experimental group (p <0.05)

The results of this study showed that MBSR education has a significant effect on increasing self-efficacy, reducing depressive symptoms and perceived stress.

Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of compassionate mind training for the quality of life in patients with chronic diseases. However, it remains to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach on patients with Ulcerative Colitis (UC). This study set out to assess the efficacy of compassionate mind training on improving patients' quality of life with Ulcerative Colitis.

This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest-follow-up design with a control group and a one-year follow-up. The statistical population included UC patients who visited the Gastrointestinal Clinic at Bahonar Hospital in Fall 2018 and Winter 2019. 34 UC patients were selected using purposeful sampling and were randomly assigned to two equal-size control and experimental groups. The experimental group attended twelve 180-mins sessions of compassionate mind training and the Control group had a 180-min workshop on UC with no psychological interventions. Patients were assessed using inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire-short form in 3 stages: pre-test, post-test and 1-year follow-up. Data were analyzed by single factor covariance analysis and dependent t-test.

Results showed compassionate mind training was significantly effective in improving the quality of life in UC patients, both at the end of the interventions (P < 0.01) and at the end of the 1-year follow-up (P < 0.01).

Compassionate mind training can be used as an effective psychological intervention and a complementary therapy to improve the quality of life in UC patients in addition to medical treatments.

: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the stress management caused by the covid-19 pandemic and its related factors in the health department personnel of Alborz University of Medical Sciences in 2021.

In this descriptive-correlation study, statistical population included all the personnel of the Health Vice-Chancellor of Alborz University of Medical Sciences in 2021. The sampling method in the present study was stratified sampling and for this purpose, 1104 people were selected as the sample group. The tools used in this research were Mehralizadef stress management questionnaires. This quiestinnare is validated and relaiable for iranian population. Independent t test, multivariate variance test and Pearson correlation were used for data analysis.

The amount of stress management (stress tolerance and stress control) among the employees of the health department is lower than the average (t=-5.48) with increasing age (F=2.66) and education (F=10.16). ) increases. Also, there is a significant difference in stress management in groups with work environment (F=5.08) and type of employment (F=6.42). The results of the Pearson correlation test showed a positive relationship between stress management and education (r=0.17) and with age (r=-0.08), marital status (r=-0.07) and occupation (-0.12). =r) has a significant negative relationship (p>0.05).

The study showed that the level of stress management related to Corona in health workers is low, and interventions and trainings based on stress management for the employees of this deputy can be helpful.

In the Islamic world, interdisciplinary studies of science and religion are on the rise, assuming that there is a connection between Islam and science, and that each can help each other. There is a lot of research in this area today (including medical and religious studies). However, due to the young age of such research, the important issue is the lack of a proper method in these studies. In fact, given that the method of research in science is different from the method of research in religion, the question is whether these two fields can have interdisciplinary joint research? And if these studies are possible, what are they like?
The present article tries to provide a method called "Combined Method of Interdi- sciplinary Studies of Medicine and Religion" knowing that such studies are possible. , Microbiology, bacteriology, etc. are combined. However, depending on the case, some of these methods may not be used in some cases and in some cases some methods may be used two or more times.
In this context, in the first speech, we discuss the theoretical foundations of research in which we discuss the possibility and occurrence of "religious science". Then we examine the term "science of Islamic medicine" and state that such a term does not exist from the point of view of the authors. Then we will deal with the position of Islamic health teachings and enumerate some Islamic health teachings. In the second speech, we describe the methodology of interdisciplinary studies of medicine and religion, enumerate the applied methods in religious research as well as medical research, and discuss how to combine it.
Finally, outline the case studies of the interdisciplinary study of medicine and religion that the researchers themselves have and how they are combined.
This applied research is done by documentary method and by referring to the library, reputable sites and related software.

Introducing: 

Your marriage can be influenced by human sexual activity, which is vital.

Hence, the aim of this study was to examine how sexual satisfaction and attachment styles influence sexual arousal and sexual inhibition in couples.

The research method was descriptive - correlational. The statistical population included all married individuals of Bandar Abbas in 2016 year that 600 individuals were selected using random cluster sampling method. Sexual Excitation and Sexual Inhibition Inventory (SESII), Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (ISS) and Experience in Close Relationship (ECR-R) were used for gathering data. Pearson correlation and multiple regression and SPSS-22 software were used for analyzing the data

Pearson test results showed that there was a significant relationship between sexual excitation and sexual inhibition with sexual satisfaction and attachment styles (p< 0/05). Also regression analysis results showed that sexual satisfaction and attachment styles of anxiety and avoidance can explain together %77/3 of sexual excitation variance and %22/9 of sexual inhibition variance.

According to the findings this study, can suggested training and intervention on improving sexual satisfaction and attachment styles as an effective way on creasing sexual excitation and decreasing sexual inhibition.

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) occurs in 1-3% of girls and 1% of boys. In girls، the peak age of UTI is during infancy and toilet training. UTIs are much more- common in uncircumcised boys، especially in the first year of  life. Vesico Urethral Reflux (VUR) is one of the most complications of UTI. The main way to diagnose VUR is VCUG. VUR can cause to renal scars that we can see most of these scars in renal ultrasonography. (RUS)  

We choosed 80 children that has been hospitalized from March، 2011 till December، 2012 in Qods educational and curative center of Qazvin for UTI and has been cured with intravenous antibiotic and we evaluated them. From this 80 children in 40 children، existence of VUR has been proved with VCUG and 40 children haven't any reflux.  All of these children did VCUG and ultrasonography to compare sensitivity and specificity of US vs "VCUG" to diagnose VUR. 

Only in 14 of 40 children that VUR has been proved in them، we saw hydronephrosis in renal ultra sonography، but in 40 children that VCUG had disapproved VUR in them we didn't see any document for hydronephrosis in RUS.The sensitivity of kidneys & bladder ultrasonography to diagnosis of vesicourethral reflux in children with urinary tract infection is 35% and it`s specificity is 100%.We evaluated some of other findings in these 80 children.

From this study we can conclude that although RUS hasn't high sensitivity to diaguse of VUR، it has high specificity to rule out of VUR in children.