فصلنامه مشرق موعود
پیاپی 67 (تابستان 1402)

Obedience to land is one of the characteristics that have been granted to some prophets.In verse 55 of Surah Noor,in which God's good news is presented to His pure servants,the word of obedience to religion is mentioned.In the narrations,the similarity of the ways of the past and the future and the similarity of the current divine traditions between the divine prophets and Imam Mahdi have been pointed out.From the advent of Hazrat Hojjat, he generalized it.This research tries to examine the verses that mention the submission of the prophets and its works and results by using the verses, interpretations,narrations and using the descriptive-analytical method.generalize the results to the rule of the righteous after the advent of the Holy Prophet.Studies show that being a benefactor is one of the basic conditions of obedience,granting rulings and knowledge and joining the righteous is one of the fruits of God's power over the prophets

In the eyes of Akhbari scholars, the traditions of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) are considered the only reliable source of religious knowledge. Although the Akhbari approach is not present as a living school in the system of religious knowledge today, its intellectual sediments are still visible in jurisprudential conclusions, interpretative approaches, moral discussions and theological issues, especially Mahdism. In order to benefit from all the potential and lofty goals of this doctrine and stay away from the harm of this attitude and prevent Mahdism from becoming a static and neutral discourse, it is necessary to know the theoretical effects of this approach on contemporary Shiite thought in this field. The news approach has caused these religious scholars to have a stratified, insular and far from rational view of Mahdavi teachings, not to pay attention to the role of human will in social events, to doubt the legitimacy of the formation of the government during the occultation period, and not to expect a comprehensive view of the teachings. and simply provide an individualistic, savior, emotional interpretation to this discourse, far from a civilizational point of view, and turn to compatibilism by considering sleep to be informative. This research will be descriptive-explanatory and with a critical approach.

The contemporary Wahhabi thinker Nasser al-Qifari, accusing Jabir bin Yazid al-Jowfi, considered him to be a forger and creator of the hadiths of Rajat. In addtion al-Qifari by claiming Jaber's thematic role in the spread of this doctrine, he sought to deny the authenticity of the doctrine of Raj’at.
This is despite the fact that the premises of al-Qifari's claims are confused and he was unable to distinguish Jabir bin Yazid from Jabir bin Abdullah. In addition to this, basically, the hadiths of the chapter of Raj’at have been reported in a consistent manner in many ways and independently of Jabir bin Yazid, and regardless of the verses that prove Rajat, the reports belonging to the first century also tell about the existence of the doctrine of Rajat among the Companions of Amir al-Mu'minin.
Also, the study of the written heritage of the Imamiyyah shows that, firstly, there are not many narrations of Jabir about the Raj’at, and more narrations about the Raj’at have been reported from narrators of the same class as him, such as Abu Basir Asadi, and secondly, the narrations of Jabir al-jowfi - a praised narrator benefiting from specific and general -endorsements is accepted by Imami thinkers. As a result, not only Jabir bin Yazid does not have a thematic role in the publication of the doctrine of Raj'at, but also his tariqa role is prominent and exclusive as al-Qifari has claimed.

"Mu'tmahdians" are people who falsely introduce themselves instead of the 12th Imam among the general public. Ahmad Ismail Basri is one of the claimants of Mahdism who has stepped in this field in recent years and by making promises to the people, he has used all his efforts to divert them from the Shia religion. Ahmad Ismail Basri and his supporters, in line with their goals, tried to create an acceptable image for themselves by using the hadiths of the infallible imams (peace be upon them). Due to the importance of the subject of Mahdism and the identification of false Mahdism claimants, the present study tries to investigate one of the traditions cited by them, the hadith known as "Ma Ashkala". According to this hadith, they claim that the meaning of "The Covenant of Nabi Allah", "Weapon" and "Parcham" are testament, knowledge and call to the sovereignty of God, respectively. The present research has investigated the narration of "Ma Ashkala" using the library method and with a descriptive-analytical structure and using the rules of "Fiqh al-Hadith" and It was found that cases such as incorrect segmentation of hadith, incorrect interpretations, failure to form a family of hadith, incorrect understanding of the words and expressions of the Hadith, lack of attention to the context of hadith and lack of attention to other sources of hadith, are among the most important defects of Fiqh al-Hadithi in the mentioned narration. Also, it was determined by Rijali's investigation that the hadith in "Tafsir Ayashi" is suspended and the hadith mentioned in the book "Al-Ghaibah" has two correct ways and three weak ways.

The efforts of scholars and historians to record Mahdawi reports from the third century until now have provided us with a precious treasure of Mahdawi hadiths. How Mahdavi news was written was influenced by the political and cultural conditions of the time and the author's thoughts. Representation of the influence of beliefs and intellectual tendencies in the reflection of Mahdavi news of Mahdi's lineage until the 7th century, using narrative, historical and interpretive sources, is the aim of the upcoming research. The current research method is descriptive-analytical with a historical approach. The Mahdavi hadiths of Mahdi's lineage under seven types had a wide reflection in Shia and Sunni sources. The result of the total hadiths of the Shia sources of twelve imams is that Imam Mahdi (a.s.) is a descendant of the Messenger of God (a.s.), Ali (a.s.) and Fatima (a.s.), and his father is the ninth descendant of Imam Hussain (a.s.), namely Imam Hassan Askari (a.s.). Sunni sources and some non-Twelve Imami sects consider Mahdi (as) as one of the Ahl al-Bayt. According to the expansion of the meaning of Ahl al-Bayt (pbuh), which includes a person from the descendants of the Messenger of God (pbuh) through Fatima (pbuh) or a person from the family of Ali (pbuh), the family of Aqeel, the family of Jafar and the family of Abbas, the Promised Mahdi (pbuh) , not necessarily Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Askari.

According to Ayatollah Khamenei's thinking, waiting for Faraj is not accepting the existing situation and trying to reach the desired situation. This research seeks to answer this question by descriptive and analytical method. Is expectation from the perspective of leadership subjective or objective? According to his opinion, waiting for Faraj is a real and real thing And it has many functions The first order is hope for the future The second level is self-improvement and transformation The third time is the fight against oppression The fourth time is the establishment of the theocracy And the last and highest order is the establishment of government by Hazrat Mahdi that this government is in line with the teachings of Quran and Islam And with the appearance of Hazrat Mahdi and the help of those who are waiting, it will rise in the world And waits for the final fulfillment of the promised Mahdi.

The Islamic revolution took place at a time when most Western and Eastern theorists believed in the decline of religion and the end of the era of religiosity. For this reason, the religious phenomenon arising from the religious institution of the area is always considered unknown to them. The ultimate goal of the formation of the Islamic Revolution is to create a prelude and create the necessary platforms for its emergence, but nowadays the dimensions of this issue are less recognized and explained (problem). Emergence has been written. (Objective) The research method in this article is library and documentary in terms of data collection and descriptive-analytical processing. (Method) The findings of the research indicate that Imam Rahel is on Facilitating the emergence and achievement of the Islamic revolution, as a necessary part of the path to the development of human society, at first they turned to creating the necessary knowledge circles. These elements are necessary both in the formation of the revolution, and in its continuation, as well as in the path of facilitating the emergence; Because, from one point of view, emergence is necessary for the formation of the maturity of the vision of human society to demand the Imam(Findings).

Analyzing the role of independence in the contemporary governments of Iran indicates that the approach of the three governments of Qajar, Pahlavi and Islamic Republic was clearly different from each other. Although preserving territorial dignity has been considered in the statements of governments, many parts of Iran's territory were lost in military and political conflicts in external events. In this research, the preservation of the territorial territory was taken into consideration from the point of view of the independence of the sovereigns, and it was explained how much the aforementioned three governments were able to benefit from the element of independence in the preservation and integrity of the territory, and finally it was explained that the current religious government ( The Islamic Republic of Iran was able to protect the country's independence from many threats by using the element of independence and relying on internal power and trust in the Iranian nation.