Creative City Design
Volume:5 Issue: 3, Jul 2022

The main purpose of teaching architecture is to achieve general efficiency and cultivate creative talent, transfer of knowledge and general skills of the architecture profession to students in this field. Currently, the curriculum planning of architecture education in Iranian universities is based on the approvals of 1300 and the educational program and approach has not been specifically evaluated for students' creativity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the application of divergent thinking and creativity in the programs and approach of teaching undergraduate architecture in the universities of Tehran, Shahid Beheshti and Science and Technology. Because it seems that in the architecture education system in Iran, more than divergence, the focus is on a convergent approach that does not allow students to be creative during education. This can further lead to a reduction in creative approaches in contemporary Iranian architecture. Therefore, the longest and most important universities of architecture in Iran have been selected for study. The question is how to explain the curriculum of architecture universities in order to develop student creativity? The present applied research is of quantitative type and finally the statistical results have been analyzed by interpreting qualitative data of how architecture is taught in these universities. The raw data obtained from the questionnaire to test the hypotheses with the help of computer and software for each university were recorded and analyzed through SPSS21 software and converted into the information used. Based on the findings, by reviewing and redefining the rules and standards that include all relevant and appropriate factors in the development of curriculum that will be the basis of individual creativity based on divergent thinking, it is possible to provide educational development in terms of creativity. Also, the feedback of statistical results showed that the subsets of readiness, development, evaluation, upbringing and insight, considering the importance of divergent thinking, will be effective in the emergence of creativity in the eyes of students and professors of these universities if included in the curriculum approach. Based on this and in comparison, Shahid Beheshti University has been more successful than the other two universities in implementing the divergent curriculum and approach. Because the curriculum approach in this university has been able to diverge in the approaches by modifying the curriculum approved by the Ministry of Science and Research and determining the extracurricular courses that develop creativity and also providing the possibility of closeness between professors and students and emphasizing the architectural criticism course to foster creativity. Enter your training.

The design process includes the steps that the designer walks through to reach a solution for the design problem. In addition to finding ideas and concepts in the design process, designers take other steps encompassing choosing the approach, the strategy, the method and the technique. The objective of this study was to examine the position of approach, strategy, method and technique in the design process. As a case study, Kari Jormakka’s classifications were chosen for analysis. The reason why these classifications were selected was that the terms were not employed properly by Jormakka. The nature of this study was qualitative. The comparative research method was used for comparing experts’ ideas regarding the technical terms and logical reasoning method was applied for data analysis. The main research question was: What is the correct position of the terms approach, strategy, method, and technique in design process? The findings highlighted that the steps of design process can be categorized from macro to micro from approach to technique. On this basis, approach could be defined as people’s belief on an issue while strategy was recognized as part of approach. Method was defined as the way of achieving the goal that can be implemented through different techniques. It seems that, in Jormakka’s classifications, the term method was used instead of strategy and approach on multiple occasions, and none of the seven main sets presented by Jormakka fell under the term method; rather, they were more distinct on the basis of strategies and approaches.

Genius loci is a lost concept in the spatial quality of today's homes. The starting point of this transformation is the Pahlavi historical period with new developments in Iranian architecture when by imitating Western architecture, it led to the creation of a mask alien to Iranian culture on the spirit of home and city architecture. In order to solve this problem, identifying the types of houses in the Pahlavi period with the help of identifying their architectural context can be effective in developing indicators that improve the Genius loci in today's homes. In this article, which is part of a research by examining the species of Pahlavi house in Mashhad; the refinement of these indicators and the compilation of a model of them with the help of Delphi method and Shannon technique are considered. The main 2 question of this stage of the research is, firstly, how the interaction between typology and architectural developments can help improve the Genius loci today, and secondly, what are the effective indicators on improving the Genius loci in the field of contemporary housing and how can achieve them? In order to answer the questions, in the first stage of the research, based on the fundamental theory method, the proposed initial model was developed based on a review of sources and residents' opinions. Then, by collecting the theories of a circle of 12 experts from the field of housing during four stages of interviews and questionnaires, the validity of the model was performed and the data obtained from their agreement were collected and analyzed using the Shannon technique. Finally, the final model of the research was developed based on 12 main indicators and 45 sub-indices in 4 effective categories. The most effective indicators on sensory perception are in the perceptual-cognitive category with an impact weight of (0.0537). The most important influential dimension is the cognitive category, which has the greatest impact on improving the sense of place through the indicators of bodily perception, sense of belonging and emotional attachment.

As a result of the tendency of the Qajar and Pahlavi kings toward modernity, the lifestyle of Iranians transformed at an incredible speed. The changes in the way of life affected the architecture of the houses and caused shifts in the direction of the desire for extroversion and reducing the amount of privacy. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to study the effect of the spatial organization of houses in creating privacy. Accordingly, the main question of this research is how the concept of privacy in Mashhad houses has been affected by the characteristics of the spatial organization of houses in the transition period. The research method is based on the Space Syntax. In general, the methods used in the current research are divided into two main categories: documentary and field. The statistical population of study includes the houses built from 1895 to 1941, within the historical context of Mashhad. The results show that the houses of Mashhad during the transition period had an introverted spatial organization, which the level of introversion of the houses was gradually reduced. In general, it can be observed that the political, social, and cultural changes in this city quickly and during a short period were represented in the architecture of the houses. Even the presence of an element as powerful as religion could not practically keep the sanctuary of the holy city away from major social changes and transformations, which were taking place at the country level.

The architectural scene and the scene of contemporary Iranian cities, especially metropolises, are full of unique and different development plans from others. In contemporary Iran, diversity, pluralism, eclecticism, and teaching of views are the main architectural design characteristics in recent decades that happen to residential buildings. However, such buildings are the most numerous and influential factors in contemporary cities. Therefore, the purpose of writing the present paper is to analyze factors and processes based on the plurality of contemporary residential facades by examining a sample of district one neighborhoods in Tabriz. The present study is descriptive-analytical uses survey research designs. The statistical population includes residents over 18 years old in the distric one neighborhood of Tabriz among Vali-asr and Abbasi Streets. Cochran's formula is used for sampling random clusters and determining the statistical sample size. Considering the statistical population, the sample size has amounted to 221 person. A close-ended questionnaire was used online. The results indicate spatial belonging (-0.83%), perception (-0.79), Consumerism attitude (0.69), Social Solidarity (0.61), historical memory (-0.49), individualism (0.46), and cultural belonging (-0.36) have the highest to the least significant positive correlation with intensity to pluralism. In this point of view, spatial sense of belonging, historical memory, and cultural belonging negatively correlate with the intensity of pluralism. The increase of spatial belonging, social solidarity, historical memory, and cultural belonging among the residents of the district one (Vali-asr and Abbasi Neighborhoods) will decrease sharply.

Throughout the 20th century humankind have sought to create a better quality of life for residents living in poor urban spaces. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the inefficient rural fabric of Sisabad with an emphasis on urban resilience and the information collected from field observations, library documents, interviews have been analyzed using GIS software, also to analyze the results of the evaluation of strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats have been done using the QSPM method. In conducting this research, interviews with experts in this field were scored using the Delphi method, and the analysis was done using the QSPM method. variables of the urban resilience components and the ineffectiveness of worn-out tissues together in all dimensions of resilience, especially in the physical and environmental fields, such as the incompatibility of uses, access, and the level of quality and permeability of the fabric of the Sisabad neighborhood all are reviewed in this section. In the end, it has been adopted to create strategies to improve urban resilience in Sisabad village such as land use location with the aim of organizing incompatible lands using vast brownfields. From the results of this article, it can be pointed out that the use of brown lands in providing per capita and creating mixed uses to ensure security, as well as the location of incompatible uses, are strategies that were used to improve urban resilience.