Creative City Design
Volume:4 Issue: 3, Oct 2021

Lack of paying attention of contemporary architecture and urban planning to the environment and adaptation to the climate of the region, Climate sustainability has become a significant issue in urban revisions. To increase climatic stability in a city, effective physical components must be considered in the localities of that city. Awareness of these components and their priorities in architectural design and urban design is the basis of climate sustainability. The purpose of this study is to obtain and analyze the physical components of the entrances to the localities of Yazd. Since more than 3/4 of Iran is covered by arid climate, it was examined in this study. The old texture of Yazd is one of the best architectural models compatible with arid climate of Iran, which its teachings can give suitable guidelines for contemporary architecture and urban planning. In this regard, three localities from the historical texture of Yazd were selected as research samples. This research is of applied in terms of aim and its methodology is descriptive-analytical conducted by library method and field survey. The method of research and data analysis method is mixed (qualitative and quantitative). First, physical components entrance of localities passages were taken and examined and by comparing and analysis the results, effective components in climate sustainability were obtained. Results suggest the effect of physical components of locality entrances on climatic stability in arid climate of Iran.

The problem is a fundamental and initial part of the design process that results from the difference between the current situation and the desired situation. Designers employ a range of techniques to address problems, which are a key component of the design process. Apart from architecture, most tactics are multidisciplinary in nature. Problem-solving techniques have an impact on the effect of architecture as a product and a site of representation of design processes. As a result, studying the influence of strategies on architecture is crucial. Designers, on the other hand, have worked for decades to develop suitable techniques for solving problems in profitable professions like design.The goal of this study is to examine problem-solving techniques from various backgrounds in order to better understand how they affect architecture. The essay attempts to investigate issue framing as an architectural technique as well as multidisciplinary problem-solving strategies. The first phase introduces and compares problem-solving techniques in a deductive manner, and then the problem-framing capacities have been treated as a design origin strategy inferentially. The information for this study was gathered through the use of library methods. Finally, problem framing appears to give interdisciplinary problem-solving capabilities to productive fields such as architecture as a problem-solving technique.

The purpose of this study is to manage asylum seekers by designing and creating relief settlements in the event of an earthquake in Tehran. This study is a post-implementation evaluation method and is an applied type in which a descriptive-analytical method is used. In order to collect information, various methods of documentation, library and field studies have been used through emphasis on questionnaires. In total, the evaluated criteria were evaluated in separate tables with Likert scale scoring. In this research, Cochran's formula, which is one of the most widely used methods to calculate the statistical sample size, has been used. The results show that the management of asylum seekers is weak in terms of quality components and speed of creating spaces and relief settlements and in terms of average price component. The components of "strength", "Age of materials" and "energy loss", "waste of materials", "lightening", "performance optimization", "environment", "permanent labor" and "quality control in the factory" from the quality criterion, components "Reduction of construction time", "Possibility of serialization", "Possibility of modular production" and "Energy saving" from the criterion of speed and "Reduction of construction time", "Optimal use of materials", "Mass production" and "Scale savings" from Price criteria are the weakest management criteria in the discussion of asylum management in Tehran after the earthquake. With measures such as creating relief settlements with industrialization system, standardization and creation of medical spaces and the like, and new management strategies, the necessary measures can be taken to help asylum seekers.

Today due to disruption in the natural order, energy consumption and global warming emerged. This research aims to extract and evaluate the components of ecosystem architecture by the combination method of nest-to-nest in multi-functional centers in Mashhad city. First, a systematic study in the extraction of ecosystem architecture variables is performed, then the qualitative questions were prepared. A semi-structured interview with 28 experts was performed. Sampling is based on Snowball. An analysis is performed by using data reduction techniques include open and axial coding. In the quantitative part, questionnaires are compiled based on the data in the previous stages and are provided to 384 special users and designers. The results show that from the perspective of spatial users, the components of ecological architecture affecting Shandiz multifunctional complex are the use of physical elements, hierarchy, and renewable energy storage. According to the view of the experts, the use of practical equipment, building location, use of local natural materials, and spatial diversity are the most effective factors. Both groups consider the use of local natural material effective than other factors and they can grow other factors by their configuration. Based on the regression results, the use of objective and visible components for space users has higher coefficients and it can have a more ecological appearance in showing this building, but the designer group refers to both objective and non-objective aspects that have been used ecologically in the design. Therefore, evaluating the physical aspects of multi-functional buildings can create more ecological architecture.

The city is a collection of natural, social, and human-recognized environmental factors, in which the concentrated resident population has a specific identity. An identity that distinguishes the city from other cities and gives meaning to the population living in it. This particular personality and identity are defined and described by different components. These components, which form the essential structure of the city based on differences in form, content, and function, are different in different cities. Therefore, this study aims to explain and examine visual and semantic cues in segmental identity. This research is a nested mixed method in terms of the type of development application and terms of method. In the qualitative method, the Delphi system is used to validate the extraction of variables. In a quantitative step, regression and Pearson correlation methods were used to determine the contribution of each component. The results show that in the Fahadan neighborhood of Yazd, the highest share is related to the components of the concept of space, with the value (1.000) and then cryptography with the value (0.968). The lowest share is related to the element of nature with the amount (0.457). Increasing the puzzle and the concept of space leads to a deeper knowledge of space and increases the sense of ownership over it. As the sense of belonging to the space increases, the perceptual richness increases, and a suitable behavioral environment is created.

Today, due to the growing urbanization process affected by the industrial revolution and the capitalist system, most cities in developing countries face many challenges, including unbalanced physical growth, poverty growth, worn-out urban fabric, traffic problems, declining quality of life indicators, and environmental pollution. These factors in practice have led to instability and reduced livability of these cities. In recent decades, planners and city managers have proposed various solutions and policies to reduce these challenges, including the use of subsurface spaces (such as subway stations) as an innovative strategy, an emerging concept.The purpose of this study is to provide strategies for achieving livable underground spaces. The data collection method of this research is based on documental method and social survey. So, at first review articles were derived from a couple of significant databases including Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar, ensuring high quality and inclusiveness of search results. Also a questionnaire was used in the second step. On the other hand, a combination of SWOT-ANP models has been used.The results of 19 indicators as factors affecting the biomass of subsurface spaces in hot and dry climate are presented in 5 groups including functional factors (flexibility, all-inclusiveness, efficiency and diversity, safety and security, walkability, Easy accessibility), perceptual (sensory richness, readability), environment (cleanliness, climate comfort), physical (human scale, continuity, enclosure) and social (vitality, belonging to place, sociability, attention to human needs). The results of structural equations show that the aggressive strategy for the city of Zahedan has scored.

The construction of the mosque is a prominent manifestation of art in the spiritual and sacred realm, which should provide the ground for the ascension of man from the lowest to the highest level of existence. The architecture of the mosque if it wants to be in harmony with this ascension, must have houses and a hierarchy corresponding to what rules the universe. Many scholars believe that this feature is derived from the wisdom of Iranian-Islamic architecture, so this article aims to study the spatial arrangement and its features in traditional mosques, seeking to understand the relationship between structural values and form resulting from spatial arrangement with concepts originate from Iranian-Islamic wisdom in traditional mosques of Khorasan Razavi. The method of this research will be combined, which includes descriptive-analytical methods and logical reasoning. First, using observation, field survey and library studies, information and maps of mosques are prepared and in the next step, the maps are analyzed in Space Syntax software (Ucl Depth Map) and the results are presented. Research findings show; The degree of transparency, coherence, geometric order and visibility of spaces along with the depth of each space in traditional mosques, which are the most important indicators of the method of space syntax, are directly related to the components of wisdom in Islamic architecture, including spatial arrangement. It can be said that Iranian-Islamic wisdom has had a direct impact on the placement of each space of traditional mosques and determining the relationship of each space with other spaces.

In recent decades, urbanization and its problems have led to the decline of vitality and vivacity in the urban space. Therefore, vitality is an essential component of sustainable development. Also, cultural spaces, as part of public spaces, are considered suitable for social interactions and sustainable society. This study evaluates citizens' vitality using physical and activity components in arts and culture centers. To that end, an inferentialdescriptive method including observation and electronic questionnaires was used to analyze the Khatam-al Anbiya Art Cultural Complex in Rasht, Iran. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS (ver. 22). Cronbach's alpha was used for reliability estimation. The estimated reliability (0.889) indicated the reliability of the questionnaire. The results indicated a direct relationship between citizens' vitality rate and physical and activity components of arts and culture centers. It can be concluded that among physical components, access and security, and among activity components, activity diversity, engaging activities, and festivals have a more significant effect on creating vitality in citizens when attending the Khatam-al Anbiya Art Cultural Complex.

Houses have undergone many changes since the distant past and, different factors have always influenced their structure. Up to a recent century, housing developments have often taken the form of multi-family life, the evolution of which can be seen in the Qajar period. In recent decades, with the development of facilities, lifestyle changes, population growth, land shortages, etc., the spatial structure of housing has also changed. This study aims to analyze the spatial organization of historical and contemporary houses in Mashhad. The main question of the research is what changes have taken place in the spatial configuration of Mashhad houses? And how have these developments adapted to individuals' living conditions? This research uses a sequential exploratory strategy, that in the first step, The qualitative approach in a descriptive-analytical method and data collection has been done by documentary-library studies and field research completion. Then the quantitative approach with the space syntax, an analysis tool is that examines topological relations in spatial structures and analyzes the interrelationships of spatial organization and social activities. Calculations and analyzes using Convex Space Map, Isovist, and Visibility Graph techniques have been performed in UCLDepthmap and Agraph. The research results indicate changes in the spatial organization, type of spaces, and diversity of human activities in the spatial configuration houses. Despite the changes in the topological structure of residential in Mashhad, in each period, a suitable solution has been presented to create a hierarchy of access, optimal performance of spaces, and privacy, following the living conditions of individuals.

The traditional structure of Tehran, as the then capital city, changed with the beginning of pseudo-modernism in the Qajar period in Iran. The transition period (the period of transferring from Qajar to Pahlavi Period), was the period of creating changes and sometimes conflict in Iranian residential architecture, which was selected as the time interval to be studied in this research. Many reasons have been mentioned for such changes and the creation of transition period, among which the index of Cultural Consumption have been selected for discussion and analysis. The most palpable element changed in the residential buildings is the façade, which employed a different approach than the preceding period, by the emergence of extroversion. Research Question: the investigations made in this study aim at providing answers to three issues of “visibility of the influence of cultural consumption on the façade of residential architecture in the transition period in Tehran”, “how the index of cultural consumption has affected the façade in transition period”, and “the relational progress of the index of cultural consumption and the element of façade, from the late Qajar period to the First Pahlavi period”.

Purpose of the Study: 

the main purpose of the current study is, particularly, investigating and analyzing the relationship between the index of cultural consumption and the element of façade in the residential architecture and its transformation progress in the transition period.

the interpretive-historical method was employed as the main method and the case study method as the complementary one.

by investigating the element of façade (especially, the urban façade) in the houses dating back to the late Qajar period to the First Pahlavi period, it seems that in Qajar period, transition period and the First Pahlavi period, the innovative, passive and relational approaches of cultural consumption have been used, respectively.

The City of Kashan is a rich source of historical houses dating back to Qajar Period, and the effect of social and cultural components on the formation of a spatial system in houses of Kashan is visible. Visual quality is one of the important qualitative features of the environment and particularly the residential space. The level and possibility of viewing are among the aspects of visual quality. In the current study, the visual field of ten types of houses in Kashan has been analyzed by placing the vertical visual field of the room on the yard as an index. In the first step, the houses fell under five categories, in terms of form and physical body: Houses with one yard surrounded by three volumes, with one yard surrounded by four volumes, with two yards surrounded by three volumes, with three yards surrounded by two volumes and with three yards surrounded by three volumes. In the second step, viewing angle of the observer while sitting was determined by Depthamp Software.  Then to analyze the sight, in sitting position, in all types, the Space Syntax method and the Isovist analysis method were employed. In lines with this, the indexes of visual field (area, the amount of thrust angle, the maximum radius line and enclosure) in these houses were analyzed by software. The findings of the study show that there is a relationship between the ratio of width and height of openings and the depth of the yard.

Learning is a central part of every person's life. Each person's childhood can shape their adult identity, and this can be determined by taking into account the place where the child grew up and came of age. Education and, consequently, educational environment has the greatest role and impact on the mentality of civilizations and societies. The primary question posed in this research is how to create a favorable physical education surrounding/environment for a group of kids by taking into account the views of the children as well? And moreover how to devise the qualitative model for designing the physical environment? The primary objective of this study is to present a model of educational-space design for a group of kids with the participation of preschool children in the design process. Furthermore, the second goal of this study is to elucidate the qualitative model for designing suitable physical learning environment for groups via understanding the spatial preferences of kids. The practical mosaic approach is the method of this study with the aim of knowing the views of children regarding the physical space of their education. It is multi-modal and multi-lingual, based on identifying a number of tools that assist children express their opinions and ideas. The findings revealed that the children in the experimental group who were taught architectural concepts had quite different results from the observation/control group as far as selection of spaces and its design. The children in the observation/control group were very interested in rectangular and circular sizes, while in the experimental group, the kids preferred circles. Moreover, in the observation/control group, children tended to place the window design behind them (back wall of the room), while in the experimental group, the kids liked the window on the ceiling and in the sidewalls.