نشریه مدیریت سبز
سال سوم شماره 2 (تابستان 1402)

Home appliance industry is one of the most important domestic industries of the country, which includes a wide range of domestic companies and factories directly and indirectly. Reverse logistics (RL) activities include the reuse, recycling, or disposal of used materials and products. The purpose of this research is to provide a strategic model for the implementation of reverse logistics in the home appliance industry. The present study is exploratory in terms of purpose and applied in terms of the type of use, in which qualitative research strategy and thematic analysis method are used. The statistical population consists of all executive and academic experts in the field of reverse logistics and home appliance industries. To collect research data, interview with 11 executive and academic experts were conducted. The number of interviews were determined by purposeful and snowball sampling. Data analysis showed that the strategic model of reverse logistics includes five main categories, including management strategies, technology development strategies, culture building strategies, financing and legal strategies, and cooperative marketing strategies. This means that, informed by more research and development, new strategies should be formulated in this field, attention should be paid to culture-building for cooperation, and finally the rules of the competitive market should be amended. The use of reverse logistics (RL) will help various industries, including home appliances, to achieve their resource recovery goals and move towards sustainable development.

Nowadays, in order to understand the behavior of consumers and producers, companies seek to create solutions to optimize their products in line with the environment, which shows the precise planning of green products in industries. In terms of method, this research is exploratory based on a mixed approach and in terms of purpose, it is practical. The data of the qualitative phase of the research was collected using semi-structured interviews with 17 experts, including business management professors and clothing industry activists who were selected in a purposeful way, and were analyzed with MAXQDA 2020 software, adopting a grounded-theory approach. The data in the quantitative stage were also analyzed using a questionnaire collected through non-probability sampling strategy among 374 customers of the garment industry, using SPSS 27 and SmartPLS3 software, informed by the partial least squares approach in structural equation modeling. The results of the present research led to the identification of six categories of strategies (government policy making, empowering the business environment), intervening factors (social relations, government policies), consequences (sustainable development in the country, increasing the strength and power of sellers and producers, improving the quality and quantity level of customers), background factors (individual and environmental factors), causal factors (internal and external factors), and consumer ethical decision-making (supporting national production, ethical decision-making approaches, avoiding extravagance and luxury, applied environmental ethics). These findings were also confirmed in the quantitative phase. It is necessary that all social units in the country, from the individual level to the government, focus on the need for green ethical decision-making so that this issue is reflected in consumers and producers.

Along with the transformation and changes of human life due to the growth of technology, one of the most important challenges of the present century is environmental problems. The awareness of government organizations, as one of the main sectors of society, of the factors affecting the application of green human resource management, with the aim of reducing the negative effects on the environment, the role of information technology during this process, is of an utmost importance. Therefore, the present research was conducted in order to present a green human resource management model based on information technology in the government organizations of Kerman city in 1401. In terms of its purpose, this study is exploratory with a qualitative grounded-theory approach. The interviewees were 14 expert human resource managers and senior managers of government organizations in Kerman city, who were selected by purposive non-probability sampling method. Data collection was done through in-depth semi-structured interviews and data analysis was conducted through the stages of grounded theory including open, axial and selective coding with the help of MAXQDA 2018 software. In open and axial coding stages, 65 concepts and 16 categories were identified and the link between these categories was determined. Finally, in the stage of selective coding, all the themes identified in the form of causal, intervening, contextual, strategies, and consequences around the central phenomenon led to the formation of the research paradigm model.

The aim of the present research is to analyze the acceptance behavior of electronic banking. By adopting a qualitative approach, in-depth and semi-structured interviews in the real environment (bank) as well as through telephone calls with 38 customers and users of electronic banking of Golestan Bank Keshavarzi (Agriculture Bank of Iran), who were selected by purposive sampling method, were designed and implemented. Ensuring the repetition of answers, the interviews continued until the 55th person. In this research, the analysis and interpretation of data were informed by applied behavior analysis method by using the participant observation plan through the three steps of observation, evaluation of the root and consequences of the individual's behavior, and modification of these behaviors and the surrounding environment. The findings from the interviews, combined with the knowledge and experience of the researchers, indicate that the acceptance nexus of electronic banking acceptance contributes to maintaining or improving the penetration rate of electronic banking among users through the simultaneous and intertwined interactions of the components of nexus, namely, learning environment, empathetic communication, innovation, and accountability. As a result, key actors are able to penetrate the existing structures to achieve better performances.

Sustainable development is one of the most important goals with which city managers tend to be faced. With the increasing need for public services in cities on the one hand and financial constraints on the other hand, the need to realize this goal is felt more and more. Furthermore, today, city tourism is one of the main pillars and economic stimulus of many cities that plays an important role in employment, income, protection of infrastructure, public services and sustainable urban development. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a city branding model with the aim of sustainable development considering the variable of human resources. The research method in the present study is practical in terms of its nature and purpose, and descriptive and cross-sectional in terms type. The statistical population in this study in the stage of systematic review of the literature includes all the research available in domestic and foreign databases, and in the stage of Delphi panel section, it includes university professors and experts in the field of the research topic. The statistical population in the model test stage includes managers of all municipal departments and city council members in three cities: Amol, Babol, and Mahmudabad. The sampling strategy to determine the panel was informed by non-probability judgment and snowball sampling method, and in the model test stage, it was done through random cluster sampling method. The data collection tool is a questionnaire. In order to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, content validity, factor analysis, convergent and discriminant validity were used. Cronbach's alpha value was more than 0.70. In order to develop the model, in the first step, the method of systematic review of the thematic research literature was used, after which the Delphi method was conducted. In the second step, the method of structural equation modeling was used to determine the appropriateness of the conceptual model. The findings showed that there were positive and significant relationships between the variables of the model and the claimed model had a good fit.

The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of spiritual leadership and pro-environmental behavior of human resources with respect to the moderating role of perceived organizational support and environmental awareness. Being applied in terms of purpose, this research project was a descriptive-survey and cross-sectional study. The statistical population was the employees of the Agriculture Jahad organization of Golestan Province is 1021 people from whom 278 simple random samples were determined using Krejcie and Morgan’s formula. Data collection was done through library method and fieldwork using a standard questionnaire, the reliability of which was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient test and the validity of which was confirmed by the content method. The analysis was conducted using both descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling with SmartPLS software. The results showed that spiritual leadership has no significant effect on spirituality at work. Spirituality at work had a positive and significant effect on environmental orientation and intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation had a significant and positive effect on proenvironmental behavior. Moreover, environmental orientation had a significant and positive effect on pro-environmental behavior. Finally, the results showed that perceived organizational support did not have a moderating role in the relationship between spiritual leadership and spirituality at work and also environmental awareness had no moderating role in the relationship between spirituality at work and environmental orientation.

This study examined the relationship between green human resource management and green behaviors taking into consideration the mediating role of environmental awareness and the moderating role of servant leadership. This study is analytical-descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the research includes all the employees of the municipalities of Golestan province. According to the obtained information, there are 440 people in 34 municipalities in Golestan province. Determined on the basis of Krejcie and Morgan’s table, the statistical sample includes 205 people. The questionnaires are distributed in a stratified manner. The reliability of this questionnaire in the present population was 0.7 which was calculated with Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In this questionnaire, each class is considered as a municipality. Data collection instrument is questionnaire. The study model was designed with the structural equation modeling approach using smart PLS software. The results of the study have shown that green human resource management has a significant relationship with environmental awareness and behavior and performance of environmentalists. Environmental awareness has a significant relationship with the behavior and performance of environmentalists. Also, servant leadership moderates the relationship between green human resource management and environmental awareness. However, it does not moderate the relationship between green human resource management and the behavior and performance of environmentalists.

Smart green businesses are created to transform ideas and innovations into products, research commercialization, science and wealth synergy, and economic empowerment. These businesses play an important role in the economic success of the country in terms of creating sustainable technology-based jobs and exploiting new opportunities. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the implementation of smart green businesses in Iran. The statistical population includes 7,400 startup managers, knowledge-based companies, and green business owners, 367 of whom were selected by simple random sampling strategy using Morgan's table. The research method in this research is quantitative, in which structural equation method with Smart pls software is used. The content validity and construct validity of the questionnaires were confirmed by professors and by using divergent validity, convergent validity and GOF indices, respectively. The reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. Based on research findings, government support and data quality improvement have a significant relationship with smart green businesses. There is a significant relationship between smart green business, software and hardware infrastructure, green processes and the empowerment of managers. Also, there is a significant relationship between empowering managers and economic growth and development. Therefore, all research hypotheses were confirmed.