مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 727 (هفته سوم شهریور 1402)

Organophosphorus poisoning is one of the most common and dangerous causes of pesticides poisoning. We compared the clinical manifestations and outcome between organophosphate poisoning patients with and without aspiration pneumonia. We also determined the predictive risk factors for aspiration pneumonia.

This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Poisoning Referral Center in Khorshid Hospital, affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Patients with organophosphate poisoning aged over 18 years were included in the study from April 2018 to September 2022. To find the predictive factors for aspiration pneumonia, binary logistic regression test was used.

217 patients were evaluated in the study. Most of them were men (62.2%) with an average age (SD) of 38.2 (16.5). Aspiration pneumonia was observed in 11.52% of patients. The mortality rate in two groups with and without aspiration pneumonia was 28% and 3.6%, respectively (P < 0.001). Patients with aspiration pneumonia were older, had higher frequency of addiction and underlying somatic disease (P < 0.05). The frequency of coma, muscarinic symptoms, tremors, decreased blood oxygen saturation and endotracheal intubation on admission were higher in patients with aspiration pneumonia (P < 0.05).

Although the above factors were different between the group with and without aspiration pneumonia, regression analysis showed that only the history of addiction, underlying somatic disease, sweating, miotic pupils, abnormal lung auscultation and endotracheal intubation before or at admission were predictive factors.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of electrospun scaffolds fabricated of poly (Lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) was coated by laminin, which are used as conduits to axon growth.

48 adult male Wistar rats were used in this study. These rats were divided into 6 groups, including a healthy control group, and in the other five groups, in addition to 10 mm damage to the sciatic nerve, various treatments were performed, including the Poly (L-lactide-co-glycolide) conduit group coated by laminin and filled with culture medium, PLGA conduit group coated by laminin and filled with rat adipose tissue-derived stem cells, PLGA conduit group coated by laminin containing gold nanoparticles and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) encapsulated in chitosan, PLGA conduit group coated by laminin containing gold nanoparticles and BDNF encapsulated in chitosan, which filled with rat adipose tissue-derived stem cells, or in the group Sixth, PLGA conduit group coated by laminin containing gold nanoparticles and BDNF encapsulated in chitosan, which filled with rat adipose tissue-derived stem cells suspended in alginate hydrogel. 12 weeks after implantation of conduits to the 10 mm defect of rat sciatic nerve, nerve regeneration and functional recovery were evaluated by behavioral tests and electrophysiology tests.

Three months post-operatively, the results of sensory analyses in all animals showed that sensory reinnervation on their foot returned almost completely, regardless of their experimental group. Also, different degrees of increase in CMAP (Compound Muscle Action Potential) amplitude were observed in all groups. However, their increase was significantly lower than the control group, while the latency in the groups containing nanoparticles and cells suspended in alginate did not show a significant difference compared to the control group.

The findings showed that electrophysiological and sensory tests can be effective methods to evaluate the peripheral nerve regeneration.

Quality of life and happiness of medical students is important for the provision of medical services and scientific development; But the conditions of the students are stressful. One of the important responsibilities of the university, in addition to academic development, is to pay attention to the quality of life of students. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of teaching spiritual intelligence on the happiness and quality of life of medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

This is an experimental study with two intervention and control groups, which were randomly assigned to the groups after obtaining the consent. Then they answered the pre-test - happiness and quality of life questionnaires. The intervention group was trained in the components of spiritual intelligence during eight sessions. Then the post-test was performed for both groups; the results were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive and inferential statistics - MANCOVA.

After verifying the assumptions of the MANCOVA test, the research hypothesis was tested. The comparison of the groups in the pre-test and post-test in different dimensions of quality of life and happiness showed that after the intervention, the adjusted mean after removing the covariate variable is a significant difference.

The findings of the current study indicated the effect of spiritual intelligence training on the quality of life and happiness of students. Spiritual intelligence as a new psychological and religious construct can provide a background for improving the quality of care and treatment provided students. It is recommended to include such teachings and consultations in cultural programs.