نشریه مطالعات جامعه شناسی
سال شانزدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 59، تابستان 1402)

The problem of decision-making in social, political, economic, legal and etc. issues is a problem with uncertainty, and this uncertainty is the main issue in fuzzy logic. Fuzzy logic is an advanced method for making decisions in all problems, which has been investigated in many researches, but the role of the weight of input components has not been explored much. The purpose of this research is to express the role of weight of input components and how to modify the weight of input components to achieve a fairer decision. In this research, first the concept of fuzzy logic is described and then the problem of weight is discussed from a mathematical point of view and it has been shown that how much the application of the correct weight to the input variables can affect the issue of justice in decision making. Also, the method of "Variance Components Estimation" to correct the weight of input data has been introduced and described, and this mathematical point of view has been used and the process of weight correction in social, political, economic and etc. issues has been investigated. The mentioned examples have shown that correcting the weight of the input variables makes the result more consistent with the concept of reality and also with the concept of justice. Finally, suggestions have been made so that different issues can be analyzed with a special process so that the inputs of different issues can correctly affect the results and achieve a more fair decision.

The conducting etiological researches on the addiction, for the design and implementation of preventive programs by experts of relevant organizations is inevitable. Therefore, this descriptive cross-sectional study was performed with the aim of ranking the cultural factors of  returning to drog addiction among self-introduced addicts by using a researcher-made questionnaire by random-class sampling method among 150 people from the statistical population, including: clients (self-introduced returning addicts), helpers and advisors, and  Clients' family members, in addiction treatment centers under the supervision of Andimeshk welfare in 2019. To analyze the data, were used descriptive statistics and SPSS software. In descriptive statistics, the demographic and demographic information of the sample was checked, and in inferential statistics, first the normality of the data was determined using the Kolmogorov Smirnov one-way test, and then using the Cochran chi-square test, the significance level of each of the components of operational cultural factors was determined and was measured. Among the 17 items of variable cultural causes, the encouragement from the user friends to reuse drugs and the spending leisure time with unhealthy entertainment, have most effect and the going to jail and the discrimination between children, have the lowest effect on return to addiction. The cultural factors effecting the return to drugs addiction can include the components of the encouragement from the user friends to reuse drugs, the spending leisure time with unhealthy entertainment, the labeling, failure to track related institutions, Not assigning a program to spend leisure time, Having positive beliefs in using drugs to relieve and treat diseases ,and  Lack of knowledge about the nature of new drugs

Countries face with different historical critical junctures through their historical countries.. One of the most important critical junctures in the contemporary history of Iran is the removal of Reza Shah from power and substituting of Mohammad Reza Shah.by foreign forces. After the overthrowing of Reza Shah, however, power was distributed among various factors, the interventions of foreign forces and political chaos marginalized the path of economic development. The main objective of this historical-economic research, refers to the role of governments and superiors as well as the underdeveloped of Iran. The result shows while the existence of a powerful parliament eventually led to the nationalization of the oil industry, due to political and social chaos, economic development did not occur. In addition, during 1940s by the decrease of the power of the parliament against the prime minister’s authority, an exclusive institutional change took place and took into account as a legacy for the shah rule. Through this institutional change, the shah was able to protect the prime minister’s legacy well and by increasing monopolized economic resources kept the power for himself and his relatives.

The present study intends to explore the application of conversation analysis method in recognizing the patient-centered pattern in a physician-patient interaction. For this purpose, a research was conducted with a qualitative approach and conversation analysis method. In this regard, four medical examination sessions between four patient-physician couples were recorded and implemented as a text. The main body of the texts was selected and analyzed by conversation analysis method. As a result of the analyzes applied to the texts, 4 basic rules (corresponding placement of utterances, familiarization, word expansion and marking) were extracted. These rules, which are all characteristics of a personal and intimate interaction, showed that the medical interaction studied was patient-centered. Also, a three-step process was extracted as a model governing a patient-centered interaction. The results of the analysis showed that the conversation analysis method was able to discover and explain the pattern governing physician-patient interactions and how to construct it through face-to-face text analysis.

The main purpose of this study is to study how to represent the dimensions of religious identity in television animations. This research is based on the approach of cultural studies and with emphasis on the theory of representation of Stuart Hall and the use of theories related to the field of religion, especially the theory of Glock and Stark. The statistical population includes Iranian animations that were produced and broadcast with a focus on religion and religious issues in the Radio and Television of the Islamic Republic of Iran.  In the methodology section, a combined model for text analysis is presented, which is a combination of the Keith Selby and Ron Cowdery and Roland Barthes models. The results of the research showed that in the animations studied, different dimensions of religious identity - ideological dimension with components such as belief in God, belief in prophecy, angels and demons, ritualistic dimension in the form of worship, praying and supplication, participation in religious rites and fasting, experimental dimension in the form of feeling fear of God after committing sin, seeking repentance and forgiveness, having peace in connection with God, asking God for help and consequential dimension based on components such as fighting against Taghut, inviting to worship, jihad in the way of God Peace-seeking, helping the poor, doing good and forbidding evil are represented.

The expansion of the Internet and its undeniable impact on society, as the main new communication medium, has a fundamental role in social interactions. The purpose of this research is the dependence of students on the Internet caused by communication with their peers. This research was done with an emphasis on the theory of dependence on the Internet and the approach of peer socialization. 396 people have been selected as the sample size in the secondary schools of the 2nd and 3rd education districts of Mashhad, based on the Cochran formula. Random multi-stage cluster sampling and standardized questionnaire were used. The total alpha level was equal to 0.863 and the convergence validity level was equal to 0.650. The results showed that the average status of the research variables was moderate and some Its dimensions are moderate to low. The main hypothesis of communication with peers with the level of dependence on the Internet is 0.484. A significant relationship with moderate intensity is obtained between the sub-hypotheses with the dependent variable and a significant relationship with low intensity. According to the regression beta, the relationship type and quality components have a significant relationship with the dependent variable at an error level of less than 0.05, and the independent variable and its dimensions have explained about 39.3% of the changes in the dependent variable. As a result, communication with peers, with an emphasis on the type of relationships and its quality, can lead to the strengthening of dependence on the Internet, therefore

Most of the farmers take help from all kinds of technologies to increase the productivity. But the increase in production, regardless of the marketing components, causes a lot of product waste and the farmer suffers. Therefore, this research has been done with the main goal of identifying marketing knowledge deficiencies as the missing link between more production and preventing product waste. For this purpose, using the theories of inductive innovation and rational choice, using grand theory method and semi-standard interview technique and questionnaire, data was collected. Analysis of questionnaire data was done with SPSS software (version 17) and qualitative data with structuring technique (SLT). The statistical population included farmers in the "agriculture and horticulture" department of Ahar, Marand and Maragheh cities, who were selected by theoretical sampling. Finally, after interviewing 180 farmers, until reaching theoretical saturation, the sampling was completed. In the following, the interview text was coded in an open, central and selective way, and by considering all the causal and contextual conditions, two main factors (government agricultural knowledge and agricultural knowledge of the beneficiaries) were identified. Finally, 6 sub-concepts (topics) were identified and introduced as agricultural product marketing failures. which in order of priority are (need assessment, rational choice, raising awareness and formal training of farmers, preparing infrastructure, following up on needs, following up on agricultural news).

the rapid development of the internet has provided new opportunities like providing ‎essential goods and services in the internet . in this important matter , several factors are ‎involved which one of which is social trust and its dimensions . the purpose of this study ‎was to investigate the relationship between social trust and internet preparation of essential ‎goods and services among Natanz households . the method of this research in terms of ‎objective is applied and in terms of time is cross - sectional and data collection method is ‎survey . the population of this study is 15 thousand households in Natanz , with a sample ‎size of 400 people with cochran formula that was selected by cluster method and random ‎sampling method . the research tool is a researcher - made questionnaire whose validity ‎was confirmed by the professors of the community and its reliability was confirmed by ‎Cronbach 's alpha 0/76 . using SPSS software , the following results were obtained : there is ‎a significant relationship between individual and institutional trust by buying online ‎shopping , durable and durable goods and receiving services . according to the meaningful ‎relation between institutional social trust and online shopping , strengthening of trust ‎building processes by institutions is necessary‏ .‏

Time and goal: 

I made my social determination. The goal is to write down where there are social and economic factors that are effective in providing a coarse crime, between two severely convicted criminals, in Zindan Hay Karman Est.

Rosh:

 Narratives (consideration) of a question related to its variables, as to the appointment of a consideration, content and ba gurdawori, the opinions of an experienced teacher, Karshnasan and specialists related (techniques of conceptualization) and Bray Barsi Payayi, as an accountant of Alfai Kronbacheh Rahdeh-e Kronbacheh 22. Dadaha mediated by Amar Tasifi and Azmounhai Amari Zarib Hempstegi Pearson-Regression and with the benefit of Nermafzar spss is a resource for segmentation and analysis of the Graft decision.

Yaftha: 

Yaftha Nashnan Midhad between his variables, close to the amount of (118/0), Bikari (290/0), the occasion of the Boden Mahal Zandji (311/0), the academic fatwa (328/0), the social sarayah (0/244), the Hamsalan area. (137/0), coarse (33/0), narcotic drug bank (732/0), a link with a straight image (fixed) with a coarse crime and the presence of a dard. There is an end between a social control and a rough gram, an inverse association and the meaning of Dared and the existence of a dard (109/0-).
The result of the gerry: Mei Tuan, the result of grafting Reftar Pehkaraneh more dron grohei nekhestin, beh wich grove hamsalan, faragrafeh mishod. .. . Divergent tangent number Anan Bish as tangent diffracted est.

The present study was designed and implemented with the aim of investigating and analyzing the role of radio in the cultural development of Tehrani citizens. This research is of mixed type (qualitative-quantitative) and this article focuses on the quantitative part of the research. In the statistical analysis section, the opinions of 384 Tehrani citizens over 18 years of age were used. The measurement tool in the research was a researcher-made questionnaire, whose validity was confirmed using face validity and reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In this research, 9 indicators were extracted through the qualitative method, which are: attitude, tendency, and character, and cultural consumption, personal security of citizens, product, communication, achievement and human power. AHP technique was used to analyze and rank the identified factors. The results showed: the priority of responsibility and accountability over work conscience and social discipline, the priority of family orientation over religious ethics, were the most important duties of the studied sample in making radio programs for an effective role in cultural development. In the event that self-reliance is based on family orientation, multiplicity of provincial and extra-provincial programs over making programs in different languages, and national pride and patriotism over justice and right-seeking, in making television programs, it has had a lower priority from the eyes of the studied citizens.