Journal of Skin and Stem Cell
Volume:10 Issue: 3, Sep 2023

The management of critically-ill individuals in intensive care units (ICU) is complex. Immobility, pharmacological treatments, and reduced perfusion lead to compromised skin integrity, predisposing to complications like infections and allergies. The presence of dermatological disorders (DDs) may influence management strategies, the patient’s quality of life, duration of ventilation, length of hospitalization, and rate of mortality. Hence, it is critical to analyze the predictors of DDs among ICU inpatients.

To determine the prevalence of DDs in ICUs, classify them, and analyze their associated parameters.

Patients admitted to Medicine/Neonatal/Paediatric ICUs were enrolled in this hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted over two months at a tertiary care hospital. Patients with pre-existing DDs not leading to admission were excluded. The screening was initiated within 48 hours of admission, continued daily throughout the ICU stay, and terminated on discharge from the ICU, in the case of patient death or at the end of the data collection period. Requisite information was recorded using a predesigned proforma.

Out of 688 patients screened, 129 were found to have 136 skin lesions, with an overall prevalence of 18.9%; MICU had the highest prevalence (22.7%), followed by NICU (17.3%) and PICU (12%). Skin lesions were classified into seven major categories. A significant association was found between the type of dermatological disorder and age, the presence of comorbidity, and the route of admission (P-value < 0.05).

This study identified modifiable predictors associated with DDs among ICU inpatients. Infectious disorders constituted the foremost category in children, and iatrogenic disorders were predominant in adults. More comprehensive prospective studies are needed to fully understand the impact of DDs on the prognosis and outcome of ICU patients.

 Vitiligo is a prevalent autoimmune pigmentary skin disorder, with 0.5 - 2% of the global population prevalence. Human follicular T helper cells, dendritic follicular cells, and mesenchymal lymphoid tissue organizer cells all generate the B-cell chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 (CXCL13). Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 and its receptor CXCR5 have been linked to the etiopathogenesis of various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases in the latest studies.

 This study aimed to assess the serum CXCL13 level in vitiligo patients and its relation to the activity and severity of the disease.

 This case-control study involved 21 vitiligo patients and 21 age and gender-matched healthy controls. Full history taking, clinical evaluation, and assessment of the disease activity and severity were performed for all the patients. The CXCL13 serum levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

 The serum CXCL13 levels were significantly higher in vitiligo patients than in healthy controls (227.35 ± 125.70 and 130.58 ± 26.52 ng/L, respectively; P = 0.002). There was a significant relationship between CXCL13 and the clinical pattern of activity among patients with vitiligo; however, there was no correlation with disease activity or severity index scores.

 Although CXCL13 was greater in vitiligo patients than in healthy controls, it was unrelated to the activity or severity of the illness. This finding suggests that CXCL13 might have a role in the immunological pathogenesis of vitiligo.

Kaposiform haemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare vascular tumor, occurring predominantly in infancy, with an incidence of 0.091 per 100,000 children. Typically presenting as a solitary large cutaneous lesion with no distant metastases. Children with KHE are at high risk of developing the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP), a consumptive coagulopathy. KMP is defined as profound thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, and elevated D-dimer. KMP has a mortality of 10 - 30%. Due to its rarity, there is little robust evidence for KHE management. Rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors are a safe and effective treatment. This report is of a newborn full-term infant with no antenatal complications, presenting with abdominal cutaneous vascular malformation and, subsequently, coagulopathy.

 Sarcoidosis is a chronic disorder characterized by the presence of multiple granules, which could affect different systems and tissues. These granules are histologically characterized by non-caseous granulomatous inflammation; however, their etiology is still unknown. Previous reports state that different antigens may be involved. Sarcoidosis has been rarely reported in the Brazilian population. The objective of this study was to report a clinical case of sarcoidosis presenting with oral manifestations as the first sign and symptom.

 An 85-year-old, nonsmoking, white woman was referred to the Department of Stomatology of our clinic in 2019, complaining of a persistently growing nodule on the upper lip and in the right arm subcutaneous tissue lasting for three months. Both lesions were painless and non-mobile/cohesive nodules with borrachoid consistency on palpation, well-delimited margins, and overlying normal-colored mucosa/skin. The oral nodule was surgically excised and sent for routine histopathological analysis, revealing granulomatous inflammation, the presence of central lobules of activated macrophages, epithelioid histiocytes, multinucleated Langerhans cells, and a peripheral cuff of mononuclear cells (lymphocytes). There was no evidence of central necrotic areas; however, asteroid bodies (i.e., starry inclusions) were rarely interspersed within multinucleated Langerhans cells. Warthin-Starry, Fite, and PAS special staining did not show any evidence of granulomatous pathogens, which was compatible with non-infectious granulomatosis. Complementary tests revealed hypercalcemia and elevated serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and angiotensin-converting enzyme.

 Sarcoidosis can manifest itself in several ways, so the diagnostic process needs to be thorough and comprehensive to confirm the disease. In addition, disease progression should be regularly monitored in patients.

 Today, the solutions for skin aging and rejuvenation methods are of special importance.

 This study aims to investigate the desire to perform various methods related to facial rejuvenation in Iran and the world.

 It is an ecological study conducted using the Google Trends (GT) database. We initially searched for users' specified search terms related to "Botox," "Gel injection," "Laser," "Facelift," "Fillers," and "COVID-19" among all searches performed using GTs in the world and Iran from January 2017 to July 2023.

 The trend of GT shows that the search volume for laser and filler services is higher than for other services worldwide. In Iran, laser and gel injections had the highest search volume until 2022. However, from 2022 onwards, fillers have become one of the top searched services. In 2020, with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the significant impact of the pandemic on facial rejuvenation procedures worldwide, including in Iran, became evident. There is a significant negative correlation between the volume of searches for COVID-19 and facial rejuvenation procedures worldwide (R2 = -0.52, P = 0.0001) and in Iran (R2 = -0.84, P = 0.0001).

 Many people worldwide and in Iran are looking for facial rejuvenation. Clinicians can enter this business with a positive outlook. GT data is a powerful tool for predicting the demand for facial rejuvenation procedures.

 Eosinophils are multifunctional cells of innate immunity and play a pivotal role in allergic, antiparasitic, phagocytotic, and tissue repair functions. These cells are sentinel mediators of pruritus. The increase in the absolute eosinophil count (AEC) in pruritic dermatoses is considered an objective marker of disease severity. The dermatology life quality index (DLQI) is a questionnaire assessing subjective impairment in quality of life.

 To assess the correlation between AEC and DLQI in pruritic dermatoses.

 This cross-sectional observational-correlational study was carried out over a period of 6 months in a tertiary care center on 100 patients diagnosed with various clinical forms of pruritic dermatoses after obtaining informed consent. The DLQI score was calculated using a pre-validated questionnaire followed by the determination of AEC in whole blood samples.

 Most patients had inflammatory diseases (26%), followed by infections (16%) and urticaria (14%). Mild eosinophilia was observed in 28% of cases, moderate eosinophilia in 22%, and severe eosinophilia in 6% of the cases. In terms of the DLQI score, the impact of the disease on quality of life was profound in 37% of the patients and enormous among 12% of them. Quality of life was unaffected in 5% of the cases. Overall, there was a significant strong positive correlation between AEC and DLQI (r = 0.649, P < 0.0001).

 A significant correlation was noticed between AEC and subjective DLQI as a marker of disease burden in various forms of pruritic dermatoses. Thus, AEC can be regarded as a perceived marker of disease prognostication, an objective equivalent to quality of life, and, most importantly, a potential target for therapeutic interventions.

The significant and immediate analgesic effect of Non-thermal CO2 Laser Therapy (NTCLT) as an efficient, safe, and innovative photobiomodulation (PBM) approach has been demonstrated in some painful oral lesions, such as recurrent oral aphthous ulcers, oral lesions of pemphigus vulgaris, and oral mucositis due to chemotherapy of solid tumors.

We report a case of a kidney recipient patient hospitalized due to pancytopenia, fever, and painful oral ulcers. According to the clinical features of the oral lesions and after extensive workups, drug-induced leucopenia, and the resultant leucopenia-induced oral ulceration were the most acceptable diagnoses for the patient. She was referred to our laser department for pain reduction of her painful oral ulcers by NTCLT. The CO2 laser (power: 1 watt) was irradiated through a thick layer of a completely transparent gel with very high water content while scanning the surface of the lesion with rapid circular motion of the defocused handpiece. Results and

The pain of the patient's oral ulcer was relieved immediately and dramatically after NTCLT without any visible thermal side effects. The procedure was completely painless, and anesthesia was not required. The results of this report suggest that NTCLT can be considered a promising procedure for significant and instant pain relief of leucopenia-induced oral ulceration in kidney recipient patients without any thermal complications.