نشریه پژوهش های برنامه ریزی درسی و آموزشی
سال سیزدهم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1402)

In the last few years, the addiction to the virtual network has been increasing in the student population of the country, so that the negative consequences resulting from it, i.e. the prevalence of psychological problems, depression, academic problems, and social isolation, have grown strongly. Based on this, the present study aimed at comparing the difficulty of emotional regulation, cyber violence and nomophobia in students addicted to virtual and normal networks. The method is applied in terms of purpose and causal-comparative in terms of the methodology. The statistical population included all users and non-users of social networks, students of Azad University of Rasht who were studying in the academic year of 1399-1400. The purposeful sampling method was used to determine the sample. The sample size included 210 individuals based on Cochran's formula. However, with possibility of mortality rates, 260 questionnaires were distributed among two groups of 130 students, normal students and those addicted to virtual networks. The respondents answered the 20-item Internet addiction questionnaire (Yang, 1988), the 20-item nomophobia questionnaire (Yıldırım & Koria, 2015) and the 36-item emotion regulation difficulty questionnaire (Gratz & Roemer, 2004). Analysis was done using independent t-test and multivariate analysis of variance via SPSS 26. The results of the research showed that there is a significant difference between the difficulty of emotion regulation in students addicted to virtual and normal networks and between nomophobia in students addicted to virtual and normal networks.

The purpose of the present study is to offer a structural modeling of educational identity based on learning styles with the mediating role of ties with school and goal orientation in primary school students of Rahimabad. In terms of purpose, this study is applied, and in terms of method, it is descriptive-correlational. The population consisted of primary school students of Rahimabad totaling to 2876. Using random cluster sampling, 211 of them were recruited. Data collection instruments were goal orientation questionnaire (Elliot & McGregor, 2001), educational identity (Vaz & Isakson, 2008)T learning styles (Pintrich & Degroot, 1990) and school Bonding (Rezaei Sharif & Hajloo, 2016). Confirmatory factor analysis was used for securing construct validity of the instruments. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were utilized. Also, structural equation modeling with Lisrel was employed to examine the hypotheses. The results demonstrated that there is a significant and positive association between learning styles and school bonding; and goal orientation and educational identity. Additionally, school bonding and goal orientation were positively correlated with educational identity of students. The findings suggest that school bonding and goal orientation mediated the relationship between learning styles and educational identity.

The aim of the current study is to examine the effect of spiritual health and self-efficacy on the creative and innovative entrepreneurship of academic staff members of Islamic Azad University in Mazandaran province. The statistical population of this research included all the faculty members of Islamic Azad University in Mazandaran. The sampling was done using cluster sampling method and the sample size was estimated to be 317 individuals using Cochran's formula. Finally, 310 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The instruments in this study included three questionnaires of creative and innovative entrepreneurship, self-efficacy, and spiritual health. The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, independent t-test and multiple regression. The results of the correlation coefficient showed that there is a direct and meaningful relationship between creative and innovative entrepreneurship, spiritual health and self-efficacy of academic staff members of Islamic Azad University in Mazandaran. It means that the higher the level of self-efficacy and spiritual health, the more creative and innovative entrepreneurship is. In addition, considering the significance level of all research variables was less than 0.05 and the t-statistic of all research variables was greater than 2.33, the results of the multiple regression analysis confirmed all research hypotheses

This Research is about the relationship between lifestyle, economic capital and cultural capital among students’ procrastination. The purpose of the study was applied and the method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of all students in 2019 entrance year who totaled to 200 individuals. A total of 132 students were recruited as the sample by using krejcie and Morgan’s Table via simple random sampling. Roth Bloom et al.’s (1984) procrastination questionnaire, lifestyle and economic capital questionnaire (researcher-made), and cultural capital questionnaire (researcher-made) were applied as instruments in this research. Data were analyzed by using Pearson correlation and multiple regression. Results showed that lifestyle has a negative and significant relationship with students’ procrastination, and cultural capital and economic capital have a positive and significant relationship with procrastination (P<0.05). The results indicate that cultural capital variance with 0.32 Beta coefficient and variance of economic capital with 0.27 residual coefficient affirmatively and significantly, beside lifestyle variance with 0.22 Beta coefficient negatively and significantly predicted procrastination among students.

With the outbreak of Corona virus, unprecedented and unforeseen conditions have been imposed on the country's education system, so that education in schools was pursued virtually. The present study aimed to investigate the problems of education in cyberspace using the Shad program in the post-corona era. This study was done as a qualitative study with a phenomenological method. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Participants were 30 schoolteachers from all three levels of Frieden County who were selected through purposive sampling using the criterion type. The interviews continued until the theoretical saturation was reached. Data analysis was performed using Klaizi seven-step method. Findings showed that teachers' perceptions of teaching problems and challenges in the Shad program included 10 main themes and 52 sub-themes. The main topics include 1) Problems related to students; 2) Problems related to parents; 3) Problems related to the happy program; 4) Problems related to principals; 5) Problems related to teachers and students; 6) Problems related to teachers; 7) Content problems; 8) Equipment problems; 9) Organizational problems; 10) Evaluation problems.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prediction of spirituality in the work environment on the effectiveness of teaching and professional ethics of teaching among Saveh Medical Sciences students at Saveh College of Medical Sciences and Health Care Services. This research is a descriptive-survey one of correlational type and also, it is applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this research included all the students of Saveh University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 1400, (n= 535) 220 of whom were selected based on the Morgan's Table via random sampling. questionnaires of professional teaching ethics, teaching effectiveness, and work spirituality were used. The content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the committee of experts. The results of the regression analysis using the INTER method showed that spirituality in the workplace significantly affects teaching effectiveness with a coefficient of β=0.698. predicts. Also, spirituality in the work environment significantly predicts professional teaching ethics with a coefficient of β=0.794. Another result of the research, using the mediator role test (Sobel), indicated that spirituality in the environment working together with the mediating role of professional ethics has an effect on teaching effectiveness.

The present research was aimed at examining the female principals’ lived experiences managerial self-belief in primary schools. The method was qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The statistical population included female principals of primary schools in Tonekabon. Through purposeful sampling, out of 28 senior female principals, 12 took part in semi-structured interviews t up to the limit of theoretical saturation. Qualitative data obtained from the interviews were analyzed with the seven-step Colaizzi method. Based on the coding results, 68 conceptual codes were extracted, which were clustered into 20 inferential themes, and finally 6 expanded themes showed female principals’ understanding and experience of the concept of managerial self-confidence, including sufficient and appropriate knowledge (9 components), experience (11 components), emotional and religious attitude (6 components), purposefulness and creativity (6 components), organizational environment quality (4 components) and trust in the experience of others (3 components). Examining the experiences of female principals showed that the role of managerial self-belief is to pave the way for principals who want to advance in a good, creative and different way in the usual conditions of the organizational environment and create new achievements in the field of education.

Improving the performance of human resources (such as job prosperity) and preventing employees from leaving their jobs are among vital factors in the success of organizations. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the effect of education-development and use of strengths on flourishing and intention to leave the job with the role of mediating the satisfaction of psychological needs. This research has been applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and survey in terms of research method in which by using the modeling method of structural equations, the effect of variables on each other and finally, the fit of the theoretical model presented in this research was determined. In the present study (using Cochran's formula), 226 employees of the Center for Management of Medical Accidents and Emergencies in Guilan Province participated as the sample, using simple random sampling method. The results of hypothesis testing showed that education -development and use of employees' strengths increase the thriving and reduce the intention to leave the job. Additionally, the satisfaction of psychological needs mediates this relationship

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of academic procrastination in the relationship between metacognitive strategies and test anxiety. The method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the research consisted of 1142 secondary school female students in Chaboksar, out of which 209 were selected via random cluster sampling to form the sample size. T collect the data, Friedman’s (1997) test anxiety questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.84, academic procrastination (2011) with reliability coefficient of 0.81 and Wells and Hutton's metacognitive strategies (1994) with reliability coefficient of 0.86 were used. The validity of the instruments was verified by academic experts and their reliability was also tested through estimating Cronbach’s alpha. In order to analyze the data, structural equation modeling was used with the statistical software Smart PLS and SPSS 22. Quantitative findings showed that metacognitive strategies have reverse effect on students' academic procrastination. Students' academic procrastination has a direct effect on their test anxiety. Metacognitive strategies have a direct effect on students' test anxiety. Metacognitive strategies have an indirect effect on students' exam anxiety with the mediating role of academic procrastination. The results of the research also showed that the components of cognitive self-awareness, positive beliefs, cognitive dissonance, mastery, and inhibition of thoughts respectively have the greatest effect on academic procrastination and anxiety

This research was conducted with the aim of designing a strategic decision-making model for managers of education districts in Tehran. The study is developmental-applied in nature and mixed exploratory (qualitative-quantitative) in methodology. The population in the qualitative section included university faculty members in the fields of educational management and human resource management, as well as managers of education districts. Data collection reached theoretical saturation after 14 interviews. In the quantitative section, 120 general managers and assistants of education districts of Tehran were selected as the sample using Cochran's formula. The research tool was a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part and a researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative part. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the CVR method and Cronbach's alpha with a coefficient of 0.802 showed the high reliability of the questionnaire. Qualitative content analysis was done with MAXQDA 12. Smart pls 3 was used for structural equations and SPSS 25 was used to determine model validity. Based on the results in the qualitative part, 10 dimensions, 23 components of 98 indicators were identified. The results of the t-test (P < 0.01), factor loadings and significant coefficients indicate that all aspects of the strategic decision-making model are approved.

Organizational commitment is a continual process by which administrative staff believe in the values and goals of their organization and strive for them. Sometimes, they do not fulfill their commitment and as a result, underachievement, absenteeism, and irresponsibility would arise. The aim of the present study is to offer a model for factors affecting non-fulfillment of organizational commitments among school principals of Kerman Province. This study was applied in purpose and mixed in method. The population in the qualitative part was education experts of Kerman province with management and policy-making experience 20 of whom were selected by purposeful sampling to reach theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part, 153 out of 256 principals and vice-principals of the first and second secondary schools of Kerman province in the academic year of 2021-2022 were recruited following Cochran's formula, using multi-stage cluster sampling. A semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire were used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaire was estimated 0.61 using the average variance extracted, and its reliability was 0.95 and 0.86 using Cronbach's alpha and composite methods, respectively. Data were analyzed with open, axial and selective coding and structural equation modeling in SPSS-26 and PLS 3. Results showed that all the components of non-fulfilment of organizational commitments were identified and confirmed

Textbooks are one of the most important learning factors. The purpose of the current research was to analyze the content of Persian reading and writing books of the second grade elementary school in terms of paying attention to the components of critical thinking skills. To achieve this goal, first the components; Inference, inference, evaluation of evidence and reasons, recognition of presuppositions, and interpretation were determined as components of critical thinking based on reviews of related articles, studies and Lipman's critical thinking model. For each component, some examples were also identified. The method was analytical-descriptive and content analysis. The statistical population is the Persian reading and writing books of the second grade of elementary school. the sample size of which was considered equal to the statistical population. Data collection tools were developed by the researcher in the document delivery stage, the form of receipt and in the content analysis stage, the content delivery verification form. The unit of analysis of this study is the page (text, exercises and images). Descriptive statistics indexes were used to analyze the data. Content analysis of Persian reading and writing books showed that among the components of critical thinking skills; The component of inference, interpretation, and interpretation had the highest frequency compared to other components in the reading and writing books of the second grade elementary school.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the place of self-care education in the intended curriculum of experimental sciences. The research method was a content analysis with practical goals. The research population included the book of experimental sciences. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The reliability of the data was checked by the Holstein method. In the first category of self-management components, communication skills and information acquisition skills were investigated, and the communication skills component was considered significantly more than the other two components. The second category of individual, behavioral and environmental components was of equal interest. The third category of health maintenance component was more frequent than minor, chronic and acute diseases. fourth category of regulatory component was superior to other components, i.e. preventive, reactive and restoring health. The fifth category of the physical component was more important than the mental, emotional, spiritual, school and community components. According to the results of the research, the homogeneity in the different components of self-care in the textbook of experimental sciences has not been observed. According to the findings, it is suggested that the status of teaching self-care in the textbook of experimental sciences of the second elementary school be revised.

The world has gone through three industrial revolutions and the evidence shows that it has actually passed through the gates of the fourth industrial revolution. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of industrial revolutions on the field of educational management. The present qualitative study was conducted using the library method. To carry out this research, published articles, documents, and research related to the topic of educational management in the future using the keywords of the fourth industrial revolution, educational management, future schools, educational technology and metaverse, as well as the English translation of these keywords in valid databases were searched. The findings of this study indicate that the fourth industrial revolution will bring about the deepest and broadest change in the administration of educational and training systems. In this era, schools should implement technology-based services with human resources who have good capabilities in technology. The use of new technologies in the education system increases the efficiency of classes. Therefore, it is necessary to create the basis for the educational system to benefit from the benefits of such new technologies by providing the necessary coordination and sufficient provisions in this regard

The purpose of this research was to provide a quality model of educational services in the virtual instruction system of the Islamic Azad University of Bushehr province. The research method was qualitative by using thematic analysis. In order to collect and compile data, reviewing documents (library method) and semi-structured interviews with 10 experienced professors were used. The sampling method was purposive and convenience. Data analysis was done using MAXQDA 2020 and Excel 2019 software. The results showed that the final model of the current research includes 5 dimensions of educational requirements, aesthetic requirements, content requirements, extra-organizational participation requirements and process requirements. Also, 12 components of interaction with other virtual training groups, dedicating more hours to online training, flexibility, technological factors, online limitation reduction capabilities, e-learning management system, appropriate course content, infrastructure of virtual education system, quality of service delivery system, quality of perceived support, quality of behavior of virtual education supervisors and application of virtual education standards were extracted. The general conclusion of the research shows that the best way to guarantee the quality of virtual education in Islamic Azad University is to use electronic education standards.

Venerating the status of teachers is a clear sign of the progress of any society and the rational quality of investment and budget allocation. The purpose of this study is to design a model to explain the position and dignity of the teacher. This research study was conducted with a qualitative approach. It has benefited from grounded theory strategy within the constructivist paradigm. The data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 16 people from among principals, professors, and experienced education experts in the city of Khorramabad who were selected using the snowball sampling technique. The process continued until theoretical saturation was reached. Data analysis was done using the constant comparison method during three stages of open, axial and selective coding in MAXQDA software. The validity of the research was confirmed by the interviewees and the expert professors. To measure the reliability, the test-retest method was utilized (r= 79%). Finally, the paradigm model was explained. Findings showed that veneration of teachers in Khorramabad can be classified into five categories: causal conditions, contextual factors, strategies, intervening factors, national and international interactions, and consequences.

The present study evaluated the effect of teaching games for understanding approach (TGfU) on motivation and confidence. To this aim, the nine-year-old students in two fourth-grade classes at a school in Sirjan were randomly divided into control and experimental group (N= 12 for each). Participants' motivation and confidence were measured using Children's Self-Perceptions of Adequacy in and Predilection for Physical Activity (CSAPPA) questionnaire as both the pre-test and post-test. The students in the experimental group participated in an intervention program for 36 sessions each lasting for 45 minutes. Mann-Whitney test was used for comparing the scores of each factor after the intervention and the groups by removing the effect of each factor before the intervention of “Poisson regression analysis” by using GEE method". The results indicated that this approach can significantly affect motivation and confidence and its three sub-factors in the CSAPPA questionnaire. The results support the hypothesis that the use of the TGfU approach can be effective on the development of motivation and confidence in children.

This qualitative study aims to investigate the knowledge sharing in Iranian schools. It is based on phenomenological approach. A total of 20 high school principals in Tehran were purposefully interviewed to the point of theoretical saturation. The data were analyzed without subjective manipulation. The data were analyzed through coding the content of the interviews via three stages of open, axial and selective coding. Finally, 10 open codes and axial codes including four categories (facilitating the use of knowledge organized by employees, submitting scheduled reports to stakeholders, having data warehouses and various forms for publication of knowledge, having numerous conferences, lectures and meetings in the field of publishing) were extracted. Each of these codes is an indicator and is thoroughly discussed in detail in the present study. The findings suggest that in order to achieve knowledge sharing, individuals who share their knowledge should be classified in different units in the organization and use changing techniques to achieve the desired goals. It must be remembered that culture will be transmitted in the structure of organization.

The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of inner peace training and reality therapy on the emotional regulation of married women in the winter of 2021. It was part of the quasi-experimental designs with pre-test, post-test, control group and two-month of follow-up study. The population includedmarried women who referred to AbuzarHealth House in Tehran. Using purposive sampling, 45 individuals were selected and 15 people were included in the inner peace group.Another 15 individuals were assigned to the reality therapy group, and the other 15 people were put in the control group. The research instrument was Hoffman et al.'s (2016) emotion regulation questionnaire. Both groups received training on inner peace and reality therapy for 10 sessions. To analyze the data, descriptive characteristics of the variables were examined.The data was also analyzed using multivariate mixed analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc test by using SPSS 24. The results showed that compared to the control group, both training methods had a significant effect on the emotional regulation of married women (p>0.05). Also, the findings indicated that inner peace training had a greater effect on the variable than the reality therapy approach (p>0.05).

This study has been done with the aim of presenting the model of professional qualifications with the level approach of the Islamic Republic of Iran on the quality of work life and growth of Farhangian University faculty members. The current study has a mixed approach in terms of practical purpose. The statistical population in the qualitative section included the managers and academic staff of Farhangian University in the 9th region of the country. In the quantitative part, among the 263 faculty members of Farhangian University in the 9th region of the country (Semnan, Mazandaran and Golestan), 156 individuals were selected as the statistical sample using Cochran's formula via stratified random sampling. In the quantitative part of the research, the data were obtainedthrough a researcher-made questionnaire, Walton's quality of work life questionnaire (2020) and Mahmoudpour's growth questionnaire (2019). In order to confirm the face and content validity, the questionnaire was approved under the supervision of supervisors, consultants and experts. Also, their combined reliability and Cronbach's alpha were calculated above 0.7, which was satisfactory. The data were analyzed using SPSS, PLS, and MAXQDA programs. Results demonstrated that dimensions of the professional qualifications questionnaire had rotations with 13 factors with the highest standard coefficient being (0.818) related to expertise-related knowledge. Additionally, the effect of professional qualifications on the quality of work life and growth of faculty members was confirmed.