Journal of Sports Physiology and Athletic Conditioning
Volume:3 Issue: 9, Summer 2023

Recent evidence indicates that coaches in Iran closely monitor diet plans. It is recommended that a nutritionist maintain a long-term relationship with each athletics institute. This gap in nutrition knowledge and modifiable nutrition behaviors can be closed by establishing a nutrition teaching and evaluation tool for coaches and young athletes. An overview of soccer nutrition covers the nature of the sport, training, and how nutrition may enhance player performance and recovery. Soccer competitions require players to engage in acyclical and intermittent activity patterns spanning up to 13 kilometers. The limited muscle glycogen reserves are a crucial component of the interface between training, performance, and nutritional support. Diets rich in carbohydrates may optimize muscle glycogen, minimize net glycogen depletion, postpone tiredness onset, and improve soccer performance. However, it is more frequent for the players to take an excessive quantity of protein daily, promoting the myth that extra protein improves strength and performance. More extensive suggestions include that soccer players should take a high CHO diet consisting of nutrient-dense, complex CHO food sources. Thus, despite the precise physiological demands of soccer and the relationship between nutritional preparation and performance, soccer players' dietary habits are frequently marked by a need for more education and misguided traditions. As soccer players and coaches in Iran become more aware of the importance of sustaining optimal macronutrient nutrition, this article discusses potential barriers and various nutrition phases to consider during training, on the day of the competition, and after the competition.

Chronic back pain is a common problem in the world, which is the most frequent among middle-aged women. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of eight weeks of corrective exercises along with water therapy on reducing pain, fatigue, life expectancy and trunk kinematic indices in women with chronic low back pain.

The research sample includes 30 of these people who were randomly selected and then randomly divided into two groups of 15 people, control and experimental. In this study, the amount of back pain was evaluated with the help of a visual pain assessment questionnaire. Also, the quality of life of the subjects was evaluated with the help of the World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire - short form and the intensity of fatigue with the help of the MFIS questionnaire. After evaluating the variables, the subjects were divided into two control and training groups, and the training group did the training program for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. The control group also did their daily activities during this period. In this study, the normality of the distributions was investigated using the Shapiro-Wilk test. In order to test the research hypotheses under normal conditions, analysis of covariance (between groups) and correlation t (within groups) were used.

The results of this study showed that applying an eight-week corrective exercise program along with water therapy is effective in reducing fatigue and quality of life in addition to reducing pain (P < 0.05).

The results of this study showed the effect of corrective exercises along with water therapy on reducing back pain, improving quality of life and trunk kinematics in middle-aged women. Based on this, it seems that applying the exercises of the present study can be effective in improving the quality of life in middle-aged women with back pain

the use of heated oils has become an integral part of today's nutrition. Studies show that with the development of obesity, capillarization in adipose tissue does not occur in line with changes in cell size. Therefore, adipose tissue in obese people is always associated with lack of oxygen and it causes systemic inflammation by releasing inflammatory mediators. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise and octopamine on HIF-1 protein concentration in visceral fat and white cells in rats fed with deeply-heated oil.

In an experimental trial, 30 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: healthy control, control-heated oil, aerobic exercise-heated oil, octopamine-heated oil and exercise, and octopamine-heated oil. Octopamine was given to rats by IP intraperitoneal injection daily for four weeks and five days a week. Aerobic exercise was also performed for four weeks and five days a week with moderate intensity on the treadmill. Forty-eight hours after the last intervention, the rats were anesthetized and visceral adipose tissue was removed from the body to measure HIF-1a gene expression. As a result of receiving deeply-heated oil, the expression of HIF-1 gene and protein in visceral fat increased significantly (P=0.001), but the number of white cells in visceral adipose tissue increased significantly (P=0.001). Aerobic exercise significantly decreased HIF-1 gene and protein expression (P=0.01). In addition, octopamine supplementation had no significant effect on HIF-1 gene expression of visceral fat of white cells in rats poisoned with deeply-heated oil. Receiving octopamine also decreased HIF-1 gene and protein expression (P=0.002). In addition, exercise significantly reduced the number of white cells (P=0.001). Octopamine could significantly reduce the expression of HIF-1 protein and the number of white cells. The interaction of exercise and octopamine was significant for the expression of HIF-1 protein and the number of white cells.

The results of this study showed that aerobic exercise and octopamine improve the angiogenesis process of the visceral adipose tissue that had been disrupted by heated oils, and reduce the damage caused by feeding with deeply-heated oils.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of balance pod and Bosu ball selective exercises on the balance of teen Futsalist with functional ankle instability.

The present study was quasi-experimental with post-test pretest design. The participants of the study were 45 futsal students from the selected high school teams of Tehran cities who were selected according to the inclusion criteria. After homogenization, participants were divided into three groups based on body mass index (15 people in Bosobal training group, 15 people in balance Disc training group and 15 people in control group). After recording the demographic characteristics of the subjects, all subjects were subjected to a static equilibrium (dynamic stroke test) and dynamic equilibrium test (Y balance test). The experimental group received eight-week exercises with Balance pod and bosu ball. However, the subjects in the control group did not have specific training. Finally, all subjects after the end of the training period were tested and the data were analyzed by covariance test at the level of α=0.05.

The results of this study showed that eight weeks of bosu ball exercises and balance pod had a positive and significant effect on both the static equilibrium and the dynamic balance of the subjects (P = 0.001). Also, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups of the bosu ball exercises and balance pod exercises in the static equilibrium (P = 0.505) and dynamic balance (P = .295).

According to the results of the study, it is suggested that athletes with functional ankle instability, coaches, therapists and science specialists Rehabilitation use balance pod exercises and bosu ball in order of increase static and dynamic balance.

military forces must be physically fit to perform the task in order to perform their specialized function properly and with minimal casualties in completely different and critical situations. So the purpose of this study was Evaluation of the relationship pattern of (MOPC) and (APFT) tests in measuring aerobic power of military students.

25 Officer Students (21-25 years) were purposefully selected. At first, the MOPC (3mile run, MOB, Bench Press, Barfix, Back Squat, Simulated Casualty Evacuation Test) was performed. next stage was to perform the APFT functional test (540 m run, sit-ups, modified barfix, push-ups, sit -reach, 45 m run and agility with 4 x 9-meter test). The test was performed at the 10-day interval as MOPC. Thirdly, after one week of performing the main tests, respiratory gases (VO2, VCO2), RQ, lactate threshold (equivalent to 92% of VO2max), THR, intensity (VO2max%), O2pluse and aerobic power (VO2max) of subjects were assessed by Bruce's progressive and exhaustive test. the assumption of normality was verified using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Also, linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between the two performance tests and Statistical analysis was performed at the significant level (p <0.05).

  Subjects' VO2max had a relatively weak correlation with MOPC (R = 0.26 and SEE = 0.05) and APFT (R=0.06 and SEE=0.18), which was not statistically significant. A moderate correlation(R=0.49) was observed between the two students' performance tests, however, this proportion was not significant with respect to the coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.28).

However, having adequate aerobic power for the military forces indicates optimal levels of cardiopulmonary fitness. But in terms of the level of specialized performance when performing the test, it is not able to evaluate proper motor readiness It is therefore suggested that the components of military performance tests be reviewed and refined. by increasing Ceramide expression.

The purpose of this research was to compare the score of functional screening test in dentists with and without the complication of upper cross syndrome.

A number of 30 dentists (age 39.97±5.47 years and body mass index 23.71±1.82 kg/m2) voluntarily participated in this research, who were selected by available selective sampling method and they were divided into two groups of 15 people (group 1, simultaneously suffering from upper cruciate syndrome anomaly and group 2, without anomaly). Motor performance screening tests including deep squat, hurdle step, launch, rotational stability, push up stability, shoulder range of motion and active leg raising were measured in all participants. Also, the head and shoulder forward a(1)ngel and the kyphosis angel were measured to detect the mentioned abnormalities. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to normalize the data. To compare the demographic variables between two groups, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, to compare each of the FMS tests between two groups with and without upper cruciate syndrome, the non-parametric U-Man-Whitney test, and if the distribution of the results is normal, from Parametric independent t test was used. Also, independent parametric t-test was used to compare the overall scores of FMS tests. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS version 16 software at a significance level of 0.05.

Test scores of deep squat (P=0.003), launch (P=0.001), shoulder range of motion (P=0.000) and rotational stability (P=0.001) between two groups with and without deformities There was a significant difference in forward head and shoulder and kyphosis. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the test of stepping over the obstacle (P=0.397), active leg raising (P=0.133) and push up endurance (P=0.143). Discusion: From the results and discussions of this research, it can be concluded that the spine acts as a chain. So that the change in the curvature in any part of it can also change its muscle structure; This means that the muscles in that area can be weak or shortened. These changes in one of part of the spine can cause changes in the muscle structure of other areas.In the present research, according to the score of the seven FMS tests, it was found that the change in the muscle structure of the head, neck and chest causes a change in the muscle structure of other trunk areas and the scores of the tests are reduced.

Although the beneficial role of exercise and CBD oil in Myocardial infarction (MI) has been reported, the interactive effect of swimming training (ST) and CBD Oil (CO) consumption is still not well known. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of CBD oil consumption on Ceramide gene expression in the heart tissue of rats suffering from heart infarction along with swimming exercise.

In this experimental trial, 25 ovariectomized rats with myocardial infarction were divided into five groups, including (1) Healthy control (HC), (2) Myocardial infarction (MI) (3) Myocardial infarction+ Swimming training (MI+ST), (4) Myocardial infarction + 50 mg/kg of CBD oil consumption (MI+CO 50), and (5) Myocardial infarction + 50 mg/kg of CBD oil consumption+ Swimming training (MI+. +CO 50 + ST). Myocardial ischemia was induced by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (50 mg/kg intravenously) in myocardial infarction rats. Groups 3 and 4 received 50 mg/kg CBD as gavage on a daily basis for eight weeks, and groups 2 and 4 performed swimming training five days a week. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s post hoc test was performed to analyze the findings (P < 0.05)).In this study, 25 rats were divided in 5 groups including: (1) healthy control, (2) patient control, (3) endurance training (3 days a week for one month), (4) recipients of mesenchymal stem cells (1 × 106 cells / Kg), and (5) simultaneous recipients of endurance training and mesenchymal stem cells. Alkaline phosphatase gene expression was assessed by RT PCR and the amount of osteopontin synthesis was measured by immunohistochemistry procedure.

Ceramide in the MI group had a significant decrease compared to the healthy control group (p=0.01). Compared to the MI group, only the MI group + swimming + CBD supplement showed a significant increase in Ceramide (p=0.01).

Eight weeks of CBD oil consumption and swimming training can reduce heart tissue damage by increasing Ceramide expression.